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1.
Can J Aging ; : 1-11, 2024 May 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38801134

ABSTRACT

This study tested the hypothesis that within older Barbadian adults, sex, education, and occupation type lessen age-related cognitive decline. The analyses used a cross-sectional data set from 1325 people collected in the 2006 SABE Study (Health, Well-being, and Aging). Cognition was assessed as scores in each subdomain of the Mini-Mental State Exam. The loss of a single point in each subdomain was predicted by sex, years of education, job type, and their interactions with age. Results demonstrated that age and protective factors affect each cognitive domain differently. High education combined with mentally complex employment helped maintain cognitive performance in later life. Beneficial lifetime exposures are additive, providing combined benefits. Findings provide insight into public policy aiming to minimize the number of adults with cognitive decline and dementia in Barbados and the Caribbean.

2.
Can J Aging ; : 1-11, 2024 Mar 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38467581

ABSTRACT

The relationship between alcohol consumption and cognition is still controversial. This is a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in Caeté (MG), Brazil, where 602 individuals aged 75+ years, 63.6% female, and with a mean education of 2.68 years, were submitted to thorough clinical assessments and categorized according to the number of alcoholic beverages consumed weekly. The prevalence rates of previous and current alcohol consumption were 34.6% and 12.3%, respectively. No association emerged between cognitive diagnoses and current/previous alcohol consumption categories. Considering current alcohol intake as a dichotomous variable, the absence of alcohol consumption was associated with dementia (OR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.39-3.90) and worse functionality (p = 0.001). Previous consumption of cachaça (sugar cane liquor) increased the risk of dementia by 2.52 (95%CI: 1.25-5.04). The association between the consumption of cachaça and dementia diagnosis has not been described before.

3.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab ; 46(8): 925-933, 2021 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34283660

ABSTRACT

The primary purpose of this study was to identify the impact of whole-body resistance training (RT) at different load intensities on adipokines, adhesion molecules, and extracellular heat shock proteins in postmenopausal women. As secondary purpose, we analyzed the impact of RT at different load intensities on body fat, muscular strength, and physical performance. Forty participants were randomized into lower-load intensity RT (LIRT, n = 20, 30-35 repetition maximum in the first set of each exercise) or higher-load intensity RT (HIRT, n = 20, 8-12 repetition maximum in the first set of each exercise). Adipokines (adiponectin and leptin), adhesion molecules (MCP-1 and ICAM-1), extracellular heat shock proteins (HO-1 and eHSP60), body fat, muscular strength (1RM), and physical performance [400-meter walking test (400-M) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT)] were analyzed at baseline and after 12-weeks RT. There was a significant time-by-group interaction for eHSP60 (P = 0.049) and 400-M (P = 0.003), indicating superiority of HIRT (d = 0.47 and 0.55). However, both groups similarly improved adiponectin, ICAM-1, HO-1, body fat, 1RM, and 6MWT (P < 0.05). Our study suggests that load intensity does not seem to determine the RT effect on several obesity-related pro-inflammatory and chemotactic compounds, body fat, 1RM, and 6MWT in postmenopausal women, although a greater improvement has been revealed for eHSP60 and 400-M in HIRT. Novelty: Higher-load intensity resistance training improves eHSP60 and 400-M in postmenopausal women. Resistance training improves the inflammatory profile, body fat, muscle strength, and 6MWT, regardless of load intensity.


Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/physiology , Inflammation/blood , Muscle Strength/physiology , Physical Functional Performance , Postmenopause/physiology , Resistance Training/methods , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Aged , Biomarkers/blood , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Postmenopause/blood
4.
Can J Aging ; 40(3): 367-375, 2021 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32792030

ABSTRACT

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from a prospective cohort study to investigate whether frailty is associated with pain intensity, disability caused by low back pain (LBP), and quality of life in an older population with acute non-specific LBP. Six hundred and two individuals with a mean age of 67.6 (standard deviation [SD] 7.0) years were included in the analysis. In relation to frailty status, 21.3 per cent of the sample were classified as robust, 59.2 per cent were classified as pre-frail, and 19.5 per cent were classified as frail. In the unadjusted analysis, pre-frail and frail groups showed significantly higher pain and disability scores than the robust group. Moreover, the same two groups exhibited lower scores in both physical and mental domains of quality of life than the robust group. After adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical variables, disability scores and the physical component of quality of life were significantly associated with frailty. In older adults with acute LBP, frailty is associated with more disability and worse scores in the physical component of quality of life.


Subject(s)
Frailty , Low Back Pain , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Frail Elderly , Frailty/epidemiology , Humans , Low Back Pain/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life
5.
Horiz. sanitario (en linea) ; 19(3): 355-363, sep.-dic. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154333

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: En particular en México, existe un escaso número de estudios sobre la calidad de vida del adulto mayor, y hay una amplia necesidad de contar con instrumentos validados, confiables y fáciles de aplicar en la práctica del médico familiar, por lo que el propósito de este trabajo fue desarrollar y validar psicométricamente una Escala de Calidad de Vida, con 15 reactivos con diez opciones tipo Likert de nada satisfecho a muy satisfecho. Materiales y métodos: Se trabajó con 446 adultos mayores de la Ciudad de México para la validación. Resultados: Se encontró una estructura con seis reactivos, adecuada confiabilidad y correcto ajuste [Chi cuadrada normada=3.58, Índice de Ajuste Comparativo de Bentler =0.96, Error Cuadrado de Aproximación Medio=0.07] para los adultos mayores mexicanos. Conclusiones: La población geriátrica está aumentando y conocer su salud es necesario a nivel mundial, para poder planear políticas públicas que mejoren su calidad de vida.


Abstract Objective: In Mexico, there is a few number of studies about the quality of life in elderly people, and there is a wide need for validated, reliable and easy to apply instruments in the practice of the family physician. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to develop and carry out a psychometric validation of a Quality of Life Scale of 15 items with ten Likert-Type response from not satisfied to very satisfied. Materials and methods: We worked with 446 elderly people from Mexico City for validation. Results: We found a structure with six items, adequate reliability, and correct adjustment [Normed Chi-Square = 3.58, Bentler's Comparative Fit Index= 0.96, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.07] for Mexican elderly. Conclusions: Geriatric population is increasing and knowing about their health is necessary worldwide in order to plan public policies that improve their quality of life.


Resumo Objetivo: No México, em particular, há um número limitado de estudos sobre a qualidade de vida dos idosos, e há uma grande necessidade de instrumentos validados, confiáveis e fáceis de aplicar na prática do médico de família, então o objetivo Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar psicometricamente uma Escala de Qualidade de Vida, com 15 itens com dez opções do tipo Likert de insatisfeito a muito satisfeito. Materiais e métodos: 446 idosos da Cidade do México foram usados para validação. Resultados: Uma estrutura com seis itens, confiabilidade adequada e ajuste correto [Qui quadrado normado = 3,58, Índice de ajuste comparativo de Bentler = 0,96, Erro Quadrático Médio de Aproximação = 0,07] foi encontrada para adultos mexicanos mais velhos. Conclusões: A população geriátrica está aumentando e conhecer sua saúde é necessário em todo o mundo para o planejamento de políticas públicas que melhorem sua qualidade de vida.


Résumé Objectif : Au Mexique, en particulier, il existe un nombre limité d'études sur la qualité de vie des personnes âgées et un grand besoin d'instruments validés, fiables et faciles á appliquer dans la pratique des médecins de famille. Par conséquent, le but de ce travail a été de développer et de valider psychométriquement une Échelle de Qualité de Vie, composée de 15 réactifs avec une échelle de Likert de dix options allant de "pas du tout satisfait" á "très satisfait". Matériels et méthodes : La validation a été réalisée avec 446 personnes âgées de la ville de Mexico. Résultats : Une structure de six réactifs, avec une fiabilité adéquate et un ajustement correct, a été identifiée pour les personnes âgées mexicaines [Chi carré normalisée = 3,58, Indice d'ajustement comparatif de Bentler = 0,96, Erreur quadratique moyenne = 0,07]. Conclusions : La population gériatrique augmente et il est nécessaire d'étudier sa santé dans le monde entier, afin de planifier des politiques publiques qui améliorent sa qualité de vie.

6.
Horiz. sanitario (en linea) ; 19(2): 241-253, may.-ago. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134107

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo Estimar los efectos de los síntomas depresivos no diagnosticados y la diabetes mellitus en la mortalidad general de hombres y mujeres adultos mayores. Material y métodos Se utilizó una muestra de personas de 60 y más años del Estudio Nacional de Salud y Envejecimiento en México 2001-2015. Los síntomas depresivos se determinaron con una versión validada de la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D), y la diabetes por autorreporte. La mortalidad se estimó con modelos de riesgos proporcionales de Cox por sexo. Resultados Se estimó un gradiente en el riesgo de mortalidad entre hombres y mujeres adultos mayores: el riesgo más bajo fue para quienes solo tenían síntomas depresivos, seguido por quienes solo padecían diabetes mellitus. Así, el mayor riesgo de muerte se estimó para los individuos con diabetes y síntomas depresivos no diagnosticados. Conclusiones Los síntomas depresivos no detectados incrementan la mortalidad entre hombres y mujeres adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus, e incluso entre los no diabéticos. Se sugiere el desarrollo de programas de detección y tratamiento de la depresión en adultos mayores diabéticos.


Abstract Objective To estímate the effects of undiagnosed depressive symptoms and diabetes on the all-cause mortality of elderly men and women. Methods and materials A sample of people aged 60 and over was used from the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2001-2015. Depressive symptoms were determined with a validated version among older Mexican adults of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and diabetes by self-report. Mortality was estimated with Cox proportional hazards models by sex. Results A gradient in mortality risk was estimated between older men and women: the lowest risk was for those who only had depressive symptoms, followed by those who only had diabetes. Thus, the highest risk of death was estimated for individuals with diabetes and undiagnosed depressive symptoms. Conclusion Undiagnosed depressive symptoms increase mortality among older men and women with diabetes, and even among non- diabetics. It is suggested the development of early detection and treatment programs for depression in diabetic elderly people.


Resumo Objetivo Estimar os efeitos de sintomas depressivos não diagnosticados e diabetes mellitus na mortalidade geral de homens e mulheres idosos. Material e métodos Uma amostra de pessoas com 60 anos ou mais de idade foi usada no Estudo Nacional de Saúde e Envelhecimento 2001-2015 no México. Os sintomas depressivos foram determinados com uma versão validada da Escala de Depressão do Centro de Estudos Epidemiológicos (CES-D) e o diabetes por autorrelato. A mortalidade foi estimada usando modelos de riscos proporcionais de Cox por sexo. Resultados Um gradiente no risco de mortalidade foi estimado entre homens e mulheres mais velhas: o menor risco foi para aqueles que apresentaram apenas sintomas depressivos, seguidos por aqueles que tiveram apenas diabetes mellitus. Assim, o maior risco de morte foi estimado para individuos com diabetes e sintomas depressivos não diagnosticados. Conclusões Os sintomas depressivos não detectados aumentam a mortalidade entre homens e mulheres idosas com diabetes mellitus e mesmo entre não diabéticos. É sugerido o desenvolvimento de programas de detecção e tratamento da depressão em idosos diabéticos.


Résumé Objectif Estimer les effets individuels et conjoints de la dépression et du diabète sur le risque global de mortalité des hommes et des femmes âgés. Matériel et méthodes Un échantillon de personnes âgées de 60 ans et plus provenant de l'Étude Nationale sur la Santé et le Vieillissement au Mexique 2001-2015 a été utilisé. La dépression a été déterminée á l'aide d'une version validée de l'Échelle de Dépression du Centre d'Études Épidémiologiques (CES-D), et le diabète avec un rapport d'autoévaluation. La mortalité a été estimée avec les modèles de risques proportionnels de Cox par sexe. Résultats Un gradient dans le risque de mortalité a été estimé entre les hommes et les femmes âgés : le risque le plus faible a été pour les personnes souffrant uniquement de dépression, et ensuite pour celles souffrant uniquement de diabète. C'est ainsi que le risque de décès le plus élevé a été estimé pour les personnes souffrant á la fois de diabète et de dépression. Conclusions La dépression augmente le risque de décès chez les hommes et les femmes âgés atteints de diabète, et même chez ceux qui ne le sont pas. Il est suggéré de développer des programmes de dépistage et de traitement de la dépression chez les personnes âgées atteintes de diabète.

7.
Psicol. USP ; 31: e200069, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1135809

ABSTRACT

Resumo O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno mundial que ganhou destaque nas últimas décadas. Nesse contexto, a morte aparece como questão difícil, pois se trata de um tema tabu na cultura ocidental. À luz da fenomenologia existencial, este projeto objetivou compreender a experiência de idosos longevos que consideram que se prepararam para a morte. Constataram-se diversas iniciativas permeando questões financeiras, emocionais, sociais, corporais, materiais e até espirituais. O sentido dessas preparações se desvelou como um cuidar da vida, pois se mostraram tentativas de garantir a melhor qualidade na existência, seja em relação à vida do próprio idoso até sua morte, seja de quem permanece vivo até e depois da morte do idoso, como familiares e amigos. Assim, fica evidente que "a única certeza da morte é a vida", pois entrar em contato com a finitude viabiliza o encontro das possibilidades de vida dignas de serem vividas.


Abstract Aging is a worldwide phenomenon that gained prominence in recent decades. In this context, death appears as a complicated matter because it is a taboo in Western culture. In light of existential phenomenology, this project analyzed the experience of seniors over 80 who consider they have prepared for death. Several initiatives on their part permeating financial, emotional, social, corporal, material and spiritual issues have been verified. These initiatives were proven to be attempts to ensure the quality of the remainder of their life as well as the well being of their family and friends even after their passing. Thus, it is clear that "the only certainty of death is life", that is, getting in touch with finitude makes it possible to find the possibilities of life that make it worth living.


Résumé Le vieillissement de la population est un phénomène mondial qui a gagné en importance au cours des derniers décennies. La mort est devenue donc un questionnement difficile, car c'est un objet tabou dans la culture occidentale. À la lumière de la phénoménologie existentielle, ce projet vise à comprendre l'expérience de longévité des personnes âgées qui se sont préparées à la mort. Nous avons constaté diverses initiatives imprégnant des questions financières, émotionnelles, sociales, corporelles, matérielles et même spirituelles. La signification de ces préparatifs s'est révélée comme une prise en charge de la vie, en essayant de garantir une meilleure qualité de vie pour soi-même jusqu'à sa mort, ou pour ceux qui resteront en vie après cette mort. Ainsi, il est évident que « la seule certitude de la mort est la vie ¼, car pour entrer en contact avec la finitude il faut viabiliser toutes les possibilités de vie dignes d'être vécues.


Resumen El envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno mundial que adquirió gran importancia en las últimas décadas. En ese contexto, la muerte aparece como una cuestión difícil, ya que se trata de un tema tabú en la cultura occidental. Desde el punto de vista de la fenomenología existencial, este proyecto buscó comprender la experiencia de personas mayores longevas que consideran haberse preparado para la muerte. Se constataron diversas iniciativas que van desde cuestiones financieras, emocionales, sociales, corporales, materiales hasta espirituales. El sentido de esa preparación se reveló como un cuidar de la vida, pues se muestran como intentos de garantizar una mejor calidad para la existencia, sea en relación a su propia vida hasta la muerte, sea de quien sigue vivo hasta y después de la muerte de la persona mayor, como de familiares y amigos. De esta manera, se hace evidente que "la única certeza de la muerte es la vida", pues, el entrar en contacto con la finitud viabiliza el encuentro de posibilidades en relación a las vidas dignas de vivirlas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Aging , Attitude to Death , Quality of Life , Hermeneutics
8.
Rev. Subj. (Impr.) ; 19(2): 1-14, maio-ago. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1092243

ABSTRACT

Nas últimas décadas, a visão da velhice e do envelhecimento tem-se transformado, originando preocupações com a criação de ambientes favoráveis à população de pessoas idosas, designadamente as institucionalizadas a título permanente. Vive-se, hoje, sob o paradigma do envelhecimento ativo, processo que valoriza a combinação de indivíduo e seu ambiente, bem como a relação que entre eles se cria. Essa relação consubstancia-se em trajetórias positivas de envelhecimento e demarca-se na participação social e cultural enquanto experiência vital de ócio e de desenvolvimento humano, em que a(s) acessibilidade(s) se salienta(m) enquanto fator essencial. Tendo por base esses pressupostos, procurámos compreender de que modo a participação e o usufruto de atividades socioculturais e artísticas, em espaços externos às instituições residenciais de idosos, podem constituir contextos privilegiados de envelhecimento ativo e de construção de experiências de ócio e de desenvolvimento para os indivíduos residentes. O presente artigo está estruturado em duas partes fundamentais: Na primeira parte, apresenta-se o enquadramento teórico, discutindo o processo de envelhecimento ativo no âmbito específico da participação sociocultural; será, ainda, realizada uma discussão em torno do conceito de ócio, analisando-o desde a perspetiva humanista e enquanto elemento central numa velhice saudável e ativa; por fim, será discutida a importância da(s) acessibilidade(s) enquanto elemento determinante da participação sociocultural das pessoas idosas institucionalizadas. Na segunda parte, serão discutidos os resultados obtidos numa investigação qualitativa conduzida junto de 25 pessoas idosas, institucionalizadas a título permanente em cinco estruturas residenciais da região de Leiria, em Portugal. Assim, através da utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, percebemos que, quer a participação ativa em atividades de natureza sociocultural e artística, quer o usufruto deste género de atividade são percecionadas pelas pessoas idosas institucionalizadas enquanto elemento essencial no processo de envelhecimento ativo, na vivência de experiências de ócio e no sentimento de bem-estar. Contudo, essa participação sociocultural e artística só é sentida como verdadeiramente benéfica se tiver em linha de conta as questões da acessibilidade, aspeto referenciado como essencial no processo de (re)construção identitária.


In the last decades, the vision of old age and aging has been transformed, giving rise to concerns with the creation of favorable environments for the elderly population, namely those permanently institutionalized. Today we live under the paradigm of active aging, a process that values the combination of the individual and his environment, as well as the relationship between them. This relationship is embodied in positive aging trajectories and is marked by social and cultural participation as a vital experience of idleness and human development, in which accessibility (s) stands out as an essential factor. Based on these assumptions, we sought to understand how the participation and enjoyment of socio-cultural and artistic activities, in spaces outside the residential institutions of the elderly, may constitute privileged contexts of active aging and the construction of leisure and development experiences for the elderly resident individuals. This article is structured in two fundamental parts: in the first part, the theoretical framework is presented, discussing the active aging process in the specific scope of socio-cultural participation; it will also hold a discussion around the concept of idleness, analyzing it from the humanist perspective and as a central element in a healthy and active old age; Finally, the importance of accessibility(s) will be discussed as a determining element of the sociocultural participation of institutionalized elderly people. In the second part, we will discuss the results obtained in qualitative research conducted with 25 elderly people, permanently institutionalized in five residential structures in the Leiria region, in Portugal. Thus, through the use of semi-structured interviews, we realize that both active participation in sociocultural and artistic activities and the enjoyment of this kind of activity are perceived by institutionalized elderly as an essential element in the active aging process, in the experience of idleness and the feeling of well-being. However, this socio-cultural and artistic participation is only felt to be truly beneficial if it takes into account accessibility issues, which is referred to as essential in the process of identity (re)construction.


En las últimas décadas, la visión de la vejez y del envejecimiento está transformándose, originando preocupaciones con la creación de ambientes favorables para la populación de ancianos, específicamente las institucionalizadas permanentemente. Hoy se vive bajo el paradigma del envejecimiento activo, proceso que valora la combinación del individuo y su ambiente, y la relación creada entre ellos. Esta relación se consolida en trayectorias positivas de envejecimiento y se demarca en la participación social y cultural mientras experiencia vital de ocio y de desarrollo humano, en que la(s) accesibilidad(es) se destaca(n) mientras factor esencial. Teniendo por base estos presupuestos, buscamos comprender de qué modo la participación y el usufructo de actividades socioculturales y artísticas, en espacios externos a las instituciones residenciales de ancianos, pueden constituir contextos privilegiados de envejecimiento activo y de construcción de experiencias de ocio y de desarrollo para los individuos residentes. Este trabajo está estructurado en dos partes fundamentales: En la primera parte, es encuadramiento teórico es presentado, discutiendo el proceso de envejecimiento activo en el ámbito específico de la participación sociocultural; será, todavía, realizada una discusión sobre el concepto de ocio, analizando desde la perspectiva humanista y mientras elemento central en una vejez saludable y activa; por fin, será discutida la importancia de la(s) accesibilidad(es) mientras elemento determinante de la participación sociocultural de los ancianos institucionalizados. En la segunda parte, serán discutidos los resultados obtenidos en una investigación cualitativa conducida con 25 ancianos, institucionalizados permanentemente en cinco estructuras residenciales de la región de Leiria, en Portugal. Así, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, percibimos que, sea por la participación activa en actividades de naturaleza sociocultural y artística, sea por el usufructo de este gênero de actividad son percibidas por los ancianos institucionalizados mientras elemento esencial en el proceso de envejecimiento activo, en la vivencia de experiencias de ocio y en el sentimiento de bienestar. Sin embargo, esta participación sociocultural y artística solo es sentida como verdaderamente benévola si tiene en cuenta las cuestiones de la accesibilidad, aspecto referenciado como esencial en el proceso de (re)construcción de identidad.


Au cours des dernières décennies, la vision de la vieillesse et du vieillissement s'est transformée, en suscitant des inquiétudes quant à la création d'environnements favorables à la population âgée, à savoir ceux qui ont été institutionnalisés de manière permanente. Aujourd'hui on vit sous le paradigme du vieillissement actif, un processus qui valorise la combinaison de l'individu et de son environnement, ainsi que la relation qui les unit. Cette relation s'incarne dans les trajectoires positives du vieillissement et est marquée par la participation sociale et culturelle en tant qu'une expérience vitale de l'oisiveté et du développement humain, dans laquelle l'accessibilité apparaît comme un facteur essentiel. Sur la base de ces hypothèses, on a cherché à comprendre comment la participation et la jouissance d'activités socioculturelles et artistiques chez des espaces extérieurs aux institutions résidentielles des personnes âgées peuvent constituer des contextes privilégiés de vieillissement actif et de construction d'expériences d'oisiveté et de développement pour les personnes âgées résidentes. Cet article est structuré en deux parties fondamentales: Dans la première partie, le cadre théorique est présenté. On aborde le processus de vieillissement actif dans le cadre spécifique de la participation socioculturelle; Outre, on organise une discussion sur le concept de l'oisiveté, en l'analysant du point de vue humaniste, en tant qu'élément central d'un vieillissement sain et actif. Enfin, l'importance de l'accessibilité est discutée en tant qu'élément déterminant de la participation socioculturelle des personnes âgées institutionnalisées. Dans une seconde partie, on discute des résultats d'une étude qualitative menée avec 25 personnes âgées institutionnalisées en permanence chez cinq bâtiments résidentiels de la région de Leiria, au Portugal. Ainsi, à travers des entretiens semi-structurés, on a aperçu que soit la participation active à des activités socioculturelles et artistiques, soit la jouissance de ce type d'activité, sont perçues par les personnes âgées institutionnalisées comme un élément essentiel du processus de vieillissement actif, dans l'expérience d'oisiveté et dans le sentiment de bien-être. Cependant, cette participation socioculturelle et artistique n'est vraiment ressentie comme bénéfique que si elle prend en compte les problèmes d'accessibilité, considérés comme essentiels dans le processus de (re) construction de l'identité.


Subject(s)
Aging , Health of Institutionalized Elderly , Cultural Rights
9.
Rev. Subj. (Impr.) ; 19(2): 1-16, maio-ago. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1092242

ABSTRACT

Las políticas dirigidas a las personas adultas mayores concentran sus esfuerzos en brindar soluciones a necesidades básicas como vivienda, salud o alimentación posponiendo muchas veces necesidades de tipo social y cultural. El presente artículo expone los principales hallazgos de una investigación realizada desde una perspectiva del desarrollo humano y de las experiencias de ocio que analiza las prácticas de ocio en personas adultas mayores, con el objetivo de conocer la experiencia de ocio a partir del sentido que le atribuyen a estas prácticas. El enfoque metodológico considerado es el cuantitativo, para lo que se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 245 personas adultas mayores que residen en Complejos habitacionales de gestión pública, en la ciudad de Montevideo (Uruguay). Se apuntó a analizar las prácticas de ocio a partir de variables sociodemográficas, así como indagar en torno a la continuidad, ruptura o aumento en la realización de dichas prácticas e identificar las principales barreras de ocio que intervienen en sus prácticas. Entre los principales hallazgos del estudio se destaca el predominio en la práctica de actividades de ocio pasivo y de baja exigencia cognitiva, tales como: Ver Tv, Escuchar música y Oír radio. Si bien dentro de las actividades de ocio más mencionadas no se observaron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres, sí se observó una división sexual de ocio encontrándose actividades tradicionalmente femeninas (p.e. Cantar, Hacer manualidades) y masculinas (p.e. Hacer ejercicio, Bricolaje). Por último, las principales barreras de ocio que afectan a la población comprendida en este estudio están relacionadas con la salud (intrapersonal), la falta de compañía (interpersonal) y la economía (estructural).


Políticas destinadas a idosos concentram seus esforços em fornecer soluções para necessidades básicas, como habitação, saúde ou alimentação, muitas vezes adiando as necessidades sociais e culturais. Este artigo apresenta os principais achados de uma pesquisa realizada a partir de uma perspectiva de desenvolvimento humano e experiências de lazer que analisa as práticas de lazer em idosos, com o objetivo de conhecer a experiência de lazer com base no significado atribuído a essas práticas. Sendo a abordagem metodológica considerada quantitativa, para a qual foi aplicado um questionário. uma amostra de 245 idosos residentes em conjuntos habitacionais, na cidade de Montevidéu (Uruguai). Ele se inscriveu a analisar as práticas de lazer de variáveis sociodemográficas e inquirir sobre a continuidade, ruptura ou aumento na realização de tais práticas e identificar as principais barreiras lazer envolvido em suas práticas. Entre os principais achados do estudo está o predomínio na prática de atividades de lazer passivo e baixas demandas cognitivas, como: assistir TV, ouvir música e ouvir rádio. Enquanto em atividades mais citada lazer não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre homens e mulheres, se foi observada uma divisão sexual do lazer reunião homens tradicionalmente atividades femininas (Canto ponto de ebulição, artesanato) e (ponto de ebulição Exercício, DIY). Por fim, as principais barreiras de lazer que afetam a população incluída neste estudo estão relacionadas à saúde (intrapessoal), falta de empresa (interpessoal) e economia (estrutural).


Policies on late adulthood have focus on providing solutions to basic needs such as housing, health or food, by postponing other social and cultural needs. This article considers the main results of a research carried out from a human development perspective which analyzes leisure practices in older people, with the objective of knowing the leisure experience based on the meaning attributed to these practices. The methodological approach considered is quantitative, for which a survey design was applied to a sample of 245 older in public housing complexes, in the city of Montevideo (Uruguay). He pointed to analyze leisure practices, the continuity, rupture or increase within the activities and identify the main leisure constraints that intervene. Among the main results of the study is the predominance in practice of passive leisure activities and low cognitive demands, such as: Watching TV, listening to music and listening to radio. Although within the activities mentioned above, there were no significant differences between men and women, a sexual division of leisure was found, with traditionally feminine activities (for example singing, making crafts) and masculine activities (for instance, Do exercise, DIY activities) . Finally, the main leisure constraints that affect most of the population included in this study are related to health (intrapersonal), lack of company (interpersonal) and economy (structural).


Les politiques visant à les personnes âgées concentrent leurs efforts sur la fourniture de solutions aux besoins de base tels que le logement, la santé ou mettre de la nourriture a souvent besoin social et culturel. Cet article présente les principaux résultats de la recherche menée dans une perspective de développement humain et l'expérience des practiques de loisirs analysées chez les personnes âgées, avec l'objectif de connaître l'expérience de loisir basée sur le sens attribué à ces pratiques. L'approche méthodologique est considérée comme quantitative, pour laquelle un questionnaire à un échantillon de 245 adultes personnes âgées résidant dans la gestion des ensembles de logements sociaux dans la ville de Montevideo (Uruguay) a été appliqué. Il s'est inscrit d'analyser les pratiques de loisirs à partir de variables socio-démographiques et se renseigner sur la continuité, la rupture ou une augmentation dans la conduite de telles pratiques et d'identifier les principaux obstacles loisirs impliqués dans leurs pratiques. Regarder la télévision, écouter de la musique et écouter la radio: Parmi les principales conclusions de l'étude, la prévalence dans la pratique des activités de loisirs passifs et faible exigence cognitive comme indiqué. Alors que dans les activités les plus fréquemment mentionné loisirs aucune différence significative entre les hommes et les femmes ont été observées, si une division sexuelle des hommes de réunion de loisirs des activités traditionnellement féminines (par example, Chant, artisanat) et (par example, exercice, bricolage) a été observé. Enfin, les principaux obstacles loisirs touchant la population dans cette étude sont liés à la santé (intrapersonal), le manque de compagnie (interpersonnelle) et l'économie (structurelle).


Subject(s)
Leisure Activities , Recreation , Aging
10.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab ; 44(2): 216-220, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30001503

ABSTRACT

We aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying muscle growth after 12 weeks of resistance training performed with blood flow restriction (RT-BFR) and high-intensity resistance training (HRT) in older individuals. Participants were allocated into the following groups: HRT, RT-BFR, or a control group. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed by the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. HRT and RT-BFR presented similar increases in the quadriceps femoris cross-sectional area, and few genes were differently expressed between interventions. The small differences in gene expression between interventions suggest that similar mechanisms may underpin training-induced muscle growth.


Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism , Physical Education and Training , Regional Blood Flow/physiology , Resistance Training , Transcriptome/physiology , Aged , DNA/biosynthesis , DNA/genetics , Diet , Female , Gene Expression Regulation/physiology , Humans , Leg/anatomy & histology , Leg/physiology , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply , Quadriceps Muscle/physiology , RNA/biosynthesis , RNA/genetics
11.
Psicol. USP ; 29(3): 442-450, set.-dez. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-976559

ABSTRACT

Resumo A adaptação aos ambientes é primordial para fortalecer o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida. Os estudos pessoa-ambiente buscam, dentre outros interesses, aprofundar a compreensão de como se constrói maior congruência entre as necessidades individuais e as características do ambiente físico, a fim de reduzir os níveis de pressão e estresse ambientais decorrentes dessas adaptações. Essa reciprocidade humano-ambiental foi explorada por Lawton e colaboradores, a partir da década de 1970, no contexto institucional. O modelo teórico pressão-competência e o conceito envelhecimento no lugar (ageing in place), vislumbram-se como contribuições para o enriquecimento do diálogo com estudiosos, tendo como foco a congruência pessoa-ambiente, isto é, as inter-relações entre o indivíduo e os recursos ambientais. Logo, valorizar o papel e as ações de idosos no uso dos espaços públicos e possibilitar sua inclusão no planejamento das cidades é aprimorar o caráter ativo e relevante de suas conquistas, favorecendo o desabrochar de novos horizontes.


Résumé L'adaptation aux environnements est primordiale pour renforcer le bien-être et la qualité de vie. Les études personne-environnement visent, entre autres intérêts, à comprendre profondément comment construire congruence une plus grande entre les besoins individuels et les caractéristiques de l'environnement physique pour réduire les niveaux de pression et de stress environnemental résultant de ces adaptations. Lawton et ses collègues, à partir des années 1970, ont exploré cette réciprocité entre l›homme et l›environnement dans le contexte institutionnel. Le modèle théorique de la pression-compétence et le concept du maintien sur place (ageing in place) sont considérés comme des contributions à l'enrichissement du dialogue entre chercheurs, en mettant l'accent sur la congruence personne-environnement liée aux caractéristiques individuelles et aux ressources environnementales. Par conséquent, renforcer le rôle et le actions des personnes âgées dans l'utilisation des espaces publics et leur permettre d'être inclus dans l'urbanisme, c'est améliorer le caractère actif et pertinent de leurs réalisations, en favorisant l'émergence de nouveaux horizons.


Resumen La adaptación a los ambientes es primordial para fortalecer el bienestar y la calidad de vida. Los estudios persona-ambiente buscan, entre otros intereses, profundizar la comprensión de cómo construir una mayor congruencia entre las necesidades individuales y las características del entorno físico, a fin de reducir los niveles de presión y estrés ambientales que resultan de estas adaptaciones. Esta reciprocidad humano-ambiental fue explorada por Lawton y colegas en la década de 1970, en el contexto institucional. El modelo teórico presión-competencia y el concepto de envejecimiento en el lugar (ageing in place) se consideran contribuciones al enriquecimiento del dialogo entre académicos, centrándose en la congruencia entre el ambiente y el ser humano relacionada con las características individuales y los recursos ambientales. Por lo tanto, mejorar el papel y las acciones de los ancianos en el uso de los espacios públicos y permitir su inclusión en la planificación urbana es mejorar el carácter activo y relevante de sus logros, favoreciendo la aparición de nuevos horizontes.


Abstract Adapting to environments is paramount for strengthening the well-being and quality of life. Person-environment studies seeks, among other interests, to deepen the understanding of how to build greater congruence between individual needs and the characteristics of the physical environment to reduce pressure levels and environmental stress resulting from these adaptations. From the 1970s, this human-environmental reciprocity was explored by Lawton and colleagues in the institutional context. The theoretical pressure-competence model and the ageing-in-place concept are seen as contributions to enrich the dialogue between scholars, focusing on the human-environment congruence related to individual characteristics and environmental resources. Therefore, enhancing the role and actions of the elderly in the use of public spaces and enabling them to be included in the city planning, is to improve the active and relevant character of their achievements, favoring the emergence of new horizons.


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Environment , Aging/psychology , Cultural Characteristics
12.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab ; 43(6): 602-608, 2018 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29351383

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to compare muscular performance and body composition changes following low-volume resistance-training programs consisting of multi-joint (MJ) exercises (cable chest press and seated row) versus a combination of multi- and single-joint (MJ+SJ) exercises (cable chest press, seated row, biceps curl, and triceps extension). Thirty untrained healthy aging adults were randomly assigned to 3 groups: MJ (n = 11), MJ+SJ (n = 11), and control (n = 8). Twelve-repetition maximums (12-RMs) for the cable chest press and seated row, localized muscular endurance for the elbow flexors handgrip strength, and body composition were assessed before and after the 8-week training program. All comparisons were analyzed via a mixed-model analysis with repeated measures (group × time) and the Bonferroni post hoc test (p < 0.05). The MJ and MJ+SJ groups increased performance in the 12-RM cable chest press (MJ = 61.5% ± 24.6% and MJ+SJ = 71.1% ± 25.6%), 12-RM seated row (MJ = 46.4% ± 26.3% and MJ+SJ = 51.5% ± 21.0%), localized muscular endurance (MJ = 24.7% ± 16.7% and MJ+SJ = 37.0% ± 11.4%), and handgrip strength (MJ = 9.3% ± 10.4% and MJ+SJ = 16.6% ± 25.3%) after the intervention. Body composition (i.e., trunk and upper limb fat and lean mass) did not change for any groups. No significant differences were observed between the MJ versus the MJ+SJ protocols after the intervention for any variables. In conclusion, for aging adults, either MJ or MJ+SJ low-volume resistance training resulted in similar increases in 12-RM, localized muscular endurance, and handgrip strength, without changes in body composition after 8 weeks of training.


Subject(s)
Aging , Body Composition , Joints/physiology , Muscle Contraction , Muscle Strength , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Resistance Training/methods , Age Factors , Aged , Biomechanical Phenomena , Brazil , Exercise Test , Female , Hand Strength , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Physical Endurance , Task Performance and Analysis , Time Factors
13.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2018. 245 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1417611

ABSTRACT

O objeto de estudo centra-se na re(construção) de modos de cuidar do idoso com doença de Alzheimer negociados com familiares-cuidadores inseridos em um Centro Dia. Teve como objetivos: desvelar saberes de experiência feitas construídos por familiares-cuidadores no cotidiano de cuidar de idosos com doença de Alzheimer em casa e no Centro Dia; discutir necessidades e demandas de cuidado a estes idosos; negociar modos de cuidar de idosos com doença de Alzheimer fundamentados nos saberes de experiências feitas, necessidades e demandas trazidas pelos cuidadores-familiares e nas evidências e práticas científicas. A perspectiva teórica foi orientada na educação libertária freiriana, aplicada à pedagogia em saúde; no conceito semiótico de cultura amparado na antropologia crítica de Geertz; e na tipologia de cuidados para promover a vida, segundo Collière. Pesquisa do tipo qualitativo, na modalidade Pesquisa-Ação, desenvolvida no Centro de Atendimento para pessoas Idosas com Alzheimer e Familiares ­ Centro Dia Synval Santos, localizado no município de Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, com a participação de vinte familiares-cuidadores de usuários desta instituição. Os dados foram produzidos através de entrevista estruturada individual, com uso de formulário de caracterização dos participantes; emprego dos métodos criativo-sensível, rodas de conversa e observação participante; organizados e analisados com base na Análise Crítica do Discurso. Os aspectos éticos foram atendidos de acordo com o previsto na Resolução 466/2012. Os resultados revelaram que as práticas discursivas dos familiares- cuidadores se sustentam em saberes e experiências de cuidado no contexto domiciliar, comunitário e institucional, e se fundam na significação cultural da doença, em saberes comuns e em práticas científicas. Os participantes assumem diferentes tipos de cuidado, sendo por eles tipologizados como: missão, cotidianos e habituais de manutenção da vida, afetivos, com base na fé, como ato de reciprocidade. As necessidades e demandas trazidas pelos familiares, como redes de apoio e solidariedade; acesso às informações; elaboração de políticas públicas alusivas às especificidades do idoso com Alzheimer carece de respostas e resolutividade imediatas. O impacto da falta de resolutividade das políticas públicas existentes no campo da saúde do idoso, particularmente o que apresenta algum grau de demência, que possam garantir oportunidades e estratégias que o representem, afeta a qualidade de vida dos idosos e de seus familiares-cuidadores, com repercussões à saúde de ambos. A ausência de espaços, onde estes familiares possam trocar experiências e discutir aspectos relacionados à convivência com a doença e o doente, exacerba situações de conflito diante o cuidado requerido; afeta física, psicológica, social e espiritualmente os envolvidos neste processo. Assim, a Tese defendida sustenta que o diálogo intercultural possibilitado pela criação de um espaço participativo de investigação e ação, tecido na interação e na negociação coletivas, é capaz de deslocar o poder da cultura científica, trazendo o poder dos cuidadores-familiares na re(construção) de modos de cuidar do idoso com doença de Alzheimer. Recomenda-se ações intersetoriais e participativas entre usuários e seus familiares, equipe interdisciplinar, pesquisadores, gestores e membros da sociedade civil.


The study object is the re(construction) of ways of caring the elderly with Alzheimer disease negotiated with family caretakers inserted in a Day Center. It aimed: to unveil experience knowledge constructed by family caretakers in the daily life of caring for the elderly with Alzheimer disease at home and at the Day Center; to discuss needs and care demands of this elderly; to negotiate ways of caring of the elderly with Alzheimer disease based on experience knowledge, needs and demands brought by family caretakers and in scientific evidence and practice. Theoretical perspective was oriented by Freire's libertarian education, applied to health's pedagogy; and in the semiotic concept of culture protected by Geertz critical antropology; and in care typology to promote life, according Collière. Qualitative research, in the Action-Research modality, developed in the Care Center for Elderly with Alzheimer and their Family Members - Day Center Synval Santos, located in the city of Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, with the participation of twenty family caretakers of this institution's users. Data were produced through individual semistructured interview with the use of participant's characterization form; employment of the creative-sensitive methods, conversation circles and participant observation; organized and analyzed based on Critical Discourse Analysis. Ethical Aspects were met according the Resolution 466/2012. Results revealed that discoursive practices of family caretakers were sustained in care knolwedge and experiences in the contexts of home, community and institutional, and merge themselves on the disease's cultural meaning, in common sense and scientific practices. Participants take on different types of care, being typologized as: mission, quotidian and usual maintenance of life, affective, based on faith, as an act of reciprocity. Needs and demands brought by family members, such as support and solidarity network; access to information; and elaboration of public policies alusive to especificidades of the elderly with Alzheimer disease, lack immediate answers and resolveness. The impact of lack of resolutiveness of existing public policies in the elderly's health field, particularly those who present a degree of dementia, that can guarantee opportunities and strategies that represent them, affects the quality of the elderly and the family caretakers, with repercussions to the health of both. The absense of spaces where family members can exchange experiences and discuss aspects related to coexisting with the illness and the ill, exacerbates conflict situations before the required care; affects physical, psychological, social and spiritually those involved in the process. Thus, the Theses defended sustains that the intercultural dialogue enabled by the creation of a participative investigation and action space, weaved in collective interaction and negotiation, is capable of displace the power of scientific culture, bringing family caretaker's power on re(construction) of ways of caring for the elderly with Alzheimer disease. Intersectoral and participatory actions among users and their families, interdisciplinary team, researchers, managers and members of civil society are recommended.


L'objet de l'étude est centré sur la construction des soignants de personnes âgées atteints de la maladie d'Alzheimer négociés avec les aidants familiaux insérés dans un centre de soins de jour. Il avait pour objectifs: de dévoiler les connaissances acquises par les aidants familiaux dans la prise en charge quotidienne des personnes âgées atteintes de la maladie d'Alzheimer à domicile et au centre de jour; discuter des besoins et des demandes de soins de ces personnes âgées; négocier des façons de prendre soin des personnes âgées atteintes de la maladie d'Alzheimer en se fondant sur la connaissance des expériences faites, des besoins et des demandes des aidants naturels et sur les preuves et les pratiques scientifiques. La perspective théorique était orientée vers l'éducation libertaire freirienne, appliqué à la pédagogie de la santé; dans le concept sémiotique de la culture basé sur l'anthropologie critique de Geertz et dans la typologie des soins pour promouvoir la vie, selon Collière. Recherche de type qualitatif, dans la modalité Recherche-Action, développée dans le Centre d'Attention aux Personnes Agées atteintes d'Alzheimer et de leurs proches - Centre Jour Synval Santos, situé dans la ville de Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, avec la participation de vingt proches aidants des usagers de cette institution. Les données ont été produites à travers une interview structurée individuelle, en utilisant le formulaire de caractérisation du participant; l'emploi de méthodes créatives sensibles, rondes de discussion et observation participante; organisé et analysé en fonction de l'Analyse Critique du Discours. Les aspects éthiques ont été respectés conformément aux dispositions de la Résolution 466/2012. Les résultats ont révélé que les pratiques discursives des aidants familiaux sont fondées sur les connaissances et les expériences de soins dans le contexte familial, communautaire et institutionnel, et sont basés sur l'importance culturelle de la maladie, du savoir commun et des pratiques scientifiques. Les participants prennent différents types de soins, étant typologisé par eux comme: mission, habituel et quotidien de maintien de la vie, affectif, basé sur la foi, comme acte de réciprocité. Les besoins et les demandes des membres de la famille, réseaux de soutien et de solidarité, accès à l'information; et l'élaboration de politiques publiques concernant les spécificités des personnes âgées atteintes d'Alzheimer, elles manquent de réponses et de résolution immédiates. L'impact du manque de rationalité des politiques publiques dans le domaine de la santé des personnes âgées, en particulier ceux qui ont un certain degré de démence, qui peut garantir des opportunités et des stratégies qui leurs représentent, affecte la qualité de leurs aînés et de leurs proches aidants, avec des répercussions sur la santé des deux. L'absence d'espaces où ces proches peuvent échanger des expériences et discuter des aspects liés à la vie avec la maladie et le patient, elle exacerbe les situations de conflit avec les soins requis; affecte physiquement, psychologiquement, socialement et spirituellement les personnes impliquées dans ce processus. Ainsi, la thèse défendue soutient que le dialogue interculturel rendu possible par la création d'un espace participatif d'investigation et d'action, tissé dans l'interaction collective et la négociation, est capable de déplacer la puissance de la culture scientifique, en train d'amener le pouvoir des aidants familiaux dans la (re)construction des soins des personnes âgées atteintes de la maladie d'Alzheimer. Des actions intersectorielles et participatives sont recommandées parmi les utilisateurs et leurs familles, équipe interdisciplinaire, chercheurs, gestionnaires et membres de la société civile.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Frail Elderly/psychology , Caregivers , Day Care, Medical , Alzheimer Disease/complications , Nurse Practitioners , Aging , Health of the Elderly , Caregivers/psychology , Community Networks , Qualitative Research , Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Alzheimer Disease/psychology , Caregiver Burden/psychology , Health Policy , Nursing Care
14.
Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam ; 20(1): 65-80, jan.-mar. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-845370

ABSTRACT

Este artigo dedica-se, com base em fragmentos de um caso clínico, a discutir a contribuição dos traços mnêmicos filo e ontogenéticos para a formação de compromissos que acontecem diante do terror suscitado pela velhice. Concomitantemente, apresenta a viabilidade do amparo clínico como alternativa à ameaça de desamparo que emerge da consciência de finitude e salienta a complexidade e a importância do trabalho psíquico de envelhescência como condição fundamental à escuta na transferência.


Based on fragments of a clinical case, this paper discusses the contribution of phylo and ontogenetic mnemonic traits to the formation of commitments that occur facing the terror of old age. At the same time, it presents the feasibility of clinical support as an alternative to the threat of abandonment that emerges from consciousness of finitude, and highlights the complexity and the importance of psychological work referring to aging as a fundamental condition to listening in transference.


Cet article, basé en partie sur une étude clinique, discute la contribution des traits mnémoniques phylogénétique et ontogénétiques à l’adhésion à des compromis qui s’opèrent face à la crainte suscitée par le vieillissement. Parallèlement, cet article présente la faisabilité du support clinique comme alternative à la menace de la détresse qui se dégage de la prise de conscience de la finitude. Il souligne d’ailleurs la complexité et l’importance du travail psychique sur le vieillissement en tant que condition fondamentale à l’écoute pendant le transfert.


Este artículo se dedica, basado en los fragmentos de un caso clínico, a discutir la contribución de las huellas mnémicas filo y ontogenéticas, en la formación de compromisos que se dan ante el terror suscitado por la vejez. Concomitantemente, presenta la factibilidad del apoyo clínico, como alternativa a la amenaza de desamparo que emerge del conocimiento de la finitud, y refleja la complejidad y la importancia del trabajo psíquico durante el envejecimiento como una condición fundamental para la escucha en la transferencia.


Der vorliegende Artikel widmet sich mit Hilfe der Betrachtung eines klinischen Falls der Frage des Beitrags phylogenetischer und ontogenetischer mnemischer Züge zur Bildung von Kompromissen, welche angesichts der Angst vor dem Altern entstehen. Gleichzeitig weist er auf die Durchführbarkeit der klinischen Unterstützung als alternative Lösung gegen die Bedrohung der Hilflosigkeit hin, welche durch das Bewusstsein über die Endlichkeit ausgelöst wird und betont die Komplexität und Wichtigkeit der psychischen Verarbeitung des Alterungsprozess als grundlegende Bedingung des Zuhörens während der Übertragung.

15.
Can J Aging ; 35(3): 348-60, 2016 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27477107

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the measurement structure of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) with different factor analysis methods. Most previous studies on validity applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to examine the BSRI. We aimed to assess the psychometric properties and construct validity of the 12-item short-form BSRI in a sample administered to 1,995 older adults from wave 1 of the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). We used Cronbach's alpha to assess internal consistency reliability and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess psychometric properties. EFA revealed a three-factor model, further confirmed by CFA and compared with the original two-factor structure model. Results revealed that a two-factor solution (instrumentality-expressiveness) has satisfactory construct validity and superior fit to data compared to the three-factor solution. The two-factor solution confirms expected gender differences in older adults. The 12-item BSRI provides a brief, psychometrically sound, and reliable instrument in international samples of older adults.


Subject(s)
Femininity , Gender Identity , Masculinity , Aged , Albania , Brazil , Canada , Colombia , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , Male , Principal Component Analysis , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires
16.
Rev. Subj. (Impr.) ; 16(2): 9-19, agosto - 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-834005

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho é uma investigação teórica acerca das particularidades do envelhecimento em homens e mulheres no atual contexto de nossa sociedade, tomando como referência as classes média e urbana brasileiras. Analisamos algumas nuances da subjetividade dos idosos, enfocando questões como a dificuldade em lidar com o corpo envelhecido num contexto dominado pelo culto à imagem, bem como os estereótipos e os rótulos que o imaginário social cria acerca do envelhecimento. A partir de um resgate histórico, damos destaque ao silenciamento e ao distanciamento em relação à velhice, especialmente no que toca aos temas da decrepitude, da aposentadoria e da morte, no momento em que, paradoxalmente, a velhice ganha novos campos de circulação nas diferentes esferas sociais. Tentamos também desconstruir as tipologias reducionistas e homogeneizadoras relacionadas ao envelhecimento. Por fim, falamos do trabalho de elaboração psíquica necessário para enfrentar essa última fase da vida.


This work is a theoretical investigation about the particularities of aging in men and women in the current context of our society, taking as a reference the Brazilian middle and urban classes. We analyze some nuances of the subjectivity of the elderly, focusing on issues such as the difficulty in dealing with the aged body in a context dominated by the cult of the image, as well as the stereotypes and labels that the social imaginary creates about aging. From a historical rescue, we emphasize silence and distancing in relation to old age, especially regarding the themes of decrepitude, retirement and death, at a time when, paradoxically, old age gains new fields of circulation in the different social spheres. We also try to deconstruct the reductionist and homogenizing typologies related to aging. Finally, we address to the work of psychic elaboration necessary to face this last phase of life.


Este trabajo es una investigación teórica a cerca de las particularidades del envejecimiento en hombres y mujeres en el actual contexto de nuestra sociedad, tomando por referencia las clases media y urbana brasileñas. Analizamos algunos matices de la subjetividad de los ancianos, apuntando cuestiones como la dificultad para lidiar con un cuerpo envejecido en un contexto dominado por el culto a la imagen, así como los estereotipos y las etiquetas que el imaginario social crea a cerca del envejecimiento. Desde un rescate histórico, damos énfasis al silenciamiento y al distanciamiento en relación a la vejez, especialmente a lo que se refiere a la senilidad, la jubilación y la muerte, al instante en que, paradójicamente, la vejez gana nuevos campos de circulación en las diferentes esferas sociales. Intentamos también deshacer las tipologías reduccionistas y homogeneizadoras relacionadas al envejecimiento. Por fin, hablamos del trabajo de elaboración psíquica necesaria para llevar adelante esta última fase de la vida.


Ce travail est une recherche théorique sur les particularités du vieillissement chez les hommes et les femmes dans le contexte actuel de notre société, en prenant comme référence les classes brésiliennes moyennes et urbaines. Nous avons analysé certaines nuances de la subjectivité des personnes âgées, en se concentrant sur des questions telles que la difficulté de traiter avec le corps âgé dans un contexte dominé par le culte de l'image, bien comme les stéréotypes et les étiquettes que l'imaginaire social crée sur le vieillissement. À partir d'un sauvetage historique, nous avons mis en évidence le silence et l'éloignement par rapport à la vieillesse, surtout quand il s'agit de thèmes de la décrépitude, de la retraite et de la mort, au moment où, paradoxalement, la vieillesse gagne nouveaux champs de mouvement dans différentes sphères sociales. Nous avons aussi essayé déconstruire les typologies réductionnistes et homogénéisantes liées au vieillissement. Enfin, nous avons parlé du travail d'élaboration psychique nécessaire pour faire face à cette dernière phase de la vie.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/psychology , Psychoanalysis , Body Image/psychology
17.
Neurophysiol Clin ; 46(1): 43-51, 2016 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26924308

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The assessment of cortical excitability (CE) measurements has been increasingly used in neuropsychiatric research. However, there is scant information on the normative values of these measurements, as well as the possible effect of hemisphere laterality, gender and age on these variables. OBJECTIVES: To obtain normative data for CE measurements by transcranial magnetic stimulation, to assess inter-/intra-investigator variability and the influence of sex, age and oral contraception use. METHODS: A sample of 216 healthy volunteers matched according to age and gender was evaluated. Bilateral rest motor thresholds, motor evoked potentials (MEP), intracortical inhibition and facilitation were measured in the first dorsal interosseous muscle area representation of the primary motor cortex with a circular transcranial magnetic stimulation coil delivering biphasic pulses. Normative data were obtained for 200 participants (in a 1:1 male:female ratio) in a balanced proportion between five age groups (18-30; 31-40; 41-50; 51-60; >60 years). Inter/intra-investigator variability was assessed in 20 healthy volunteers in two sessions performed within a 30-minute interval. Measurements were also performed in a subgroup of 16 healthy female volunteers, using oral contraception and during the menstrual phase. RESULTS: Age had a dichotomous effect on CE measurements, providing significantly different normative data for subjects <50 and >50 years old, with smaller MEP's and intracortical inhibition in older individuals. There were no differences between genders or between left and right hemispheres. Also, CE parameters did not significantly differ with use of contraceptive treatment compared to the menstrual phase of the cycle. The inter-/intra-investigator reliability assessment showed some variability that may not be clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Age had a non-linear effect on CE. There were non-significant differences between genders, hemispheres or with use of oral contraceptives. There was good inter-/intra-investigator correlation for rest motor thresholds and motor evoked potentials while intracortical inhibition and facilitation had low correlations but acceptable reliability.


Subject(s)
Cortical Excitability , Motor Cortex/physiology , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Evoked Potentials, Motor , Female , Functional Laterality , Humans , Male , Menstrual Cycle , Middle Aged , Observer Variation , Sex Factors , Young Adult
18.
Rev. psicol. polít ; 14(31): 551-568, dez. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-67726

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre o lugar da velhice no contexto atual, denunciando as práticas e discursos ideológicos que prometem um envelhecimento bem sucedido e que justificam certa gestão desta fase da vida. Como proposição, considera a velhice como lugar privilegiado para a narrativa oral de histórias de vida provocadas pelo método da História Oral. Problematiza o uso deste método como pesquisa e intervenção e apresenta algumas experiências realizadas ou supervisionadas pela autora. O encontro entre o envelhecimento, a experiência narrativa e a História Oral representa uma forma de preservar as testemunhas e os testemunhos, do passado e do presente, que afirmam a identidade e os modos de subjetivação.(AU)


This article presents a reflection about the place of the aging in the current context, denouncing the ideological practices and discourses that promise successful aging and that justify certain management of this stage of life. As proposition, it considers the aging as privileged place for the oral narrative of life stories caused by the method of oral history. It discusses the use of this method as research and intervention, and presents some experiments conducted or supervised by the author. The meeting between the aging, the narrative experience and the oral history is a way to preserve the witnesses and the evidence, from the past and the present, that claim the identity and modes of subjectivity.(AU)


En este artículo se presenta una reflexión sobre el lugar de la vejez en el contexto actual, y denuncia las prácticas y los discursos ideológicos que prometen un envejecimiento exitoso y que justifican cierto manejo de esta etapa de la vida. Como propuesta considera la vejez como un lugar privilegiado para la narración oral de historias de vida causados por el método de la historia oral. Discute el uso de este método como investigación y intervención, y presenta algunas experiencias realizadas o supervisadas por el autor. El encuentro entre la vejez, la experiencia narrativa y la historia oral es una forma de preservar los testigos y de las pruebas, pasados y presentes, que afirman la identidad y los modos de subjetividad.(AU)


Cet article présente une réflexion sur le lieu de la vieillesse dans le contexte actuel, en dénonçant les pratiques et les discours idéologiques que promettent un vieillissement réussi et que justifient une certaine gestion de cette étape de la vie. Comme une proposition, l'étude considère la vieillesse comme un lieu privilégié pour la narration orale de récits de vie à partir de la méthode de l'histoire orale. Elle traite de l'utilisation de cette méthode comme outil de recherche et d'intervention, et présente quelques expériences réalisées ou supervisées par l'auteur. La rencontre entre la vieillesse, l'expérience narrative et l'histoire orale est un moyen de préserver les témoins et les preuves, passés et présents, que affirment l'identité et les modes de subjectivité.(AU)


Subject(s)
Aging/psychology , Memory , Narration
19.
Rev. psicol. polit ; 14(31): 551-568, dez. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: lil-778224

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre o lugar da velhice no contexto atual, denunciando as práticas e discursos ideológicos que prometem um envelhecimento bem sucedido e que justificam certa gestão desta fase da vida. Como proposição, considera a velhice como lugar privilegiado para a narrativa oral de histórias de vida provocadas pelo método da História Oral. Problematiza o uso deste método como pesquisa e intervenção e apresenta algumas experiências realizadas ou supervisionadas pela autora. O encontro entre o envelhecimento, a experiência narrativa e a História Oral representa uma forma de preservar as testemunhas e os testemunhos, do passado e do presente, que afirmam a identidade e os modos de subjetivação.


This article presents a reflection about the place of the aging in the current context, denouncing the ideological practices and discourses that promise successful aging and that justify certain management of this stage of life. As proposition, it considers the aging as privileged place for the oral narrative of life stories caused by the method of oral history. It discusses the use of this method as research and intervention, and presents some experiments conducted or supervised by the author. The meeting between the aging, the narrative experience and the oral history is a way to preserve the witnesses and the evidence, from the past and the present, that claim the identity and modes of subjectivity.


En este artículo se presenta una reflexión sobre el lugar de la vejez en el contexto actual, y denuncia las prácticas y los discursos ideológicos que prometen un envejecimiento exitoso y que justifican cierto manejo de esta etapa de la vida. Como propuesta considera la vejez como un lugar privilegiado para la narración oral de historias de vida causados por el método de la historia oral. Discute el uso de este método como investigación y intervención, y presenta algunas experiencias realizadas o supervisadas por el autor. El encuentro entre la vejez, la experiencia narrativa y la historia oral es una forma de preservar los testigos y de las pruebas, pasados y presentes, que afirman la identidad y los modos de subjetividad.


Cet article présente une réflexion sur le lieu de la vieillesse dans le contexte actuel, en dénonçant les pratiques et les discours idéologiques que promettent un vieillissement réussi et que justifient une certaine gestion de cette étape de la vie. Comme une proposition, l'étude considère la vieillesse comme un lieu privilégié pour la narration orale de récits de vie à partir de la méthode de l'histoire orale. Elle traite de l'utilisation de cette méthode comme outil de recherche et d'intervention, et présente quelques expériences réalisées ou supervisées par l'auteur. La rencontre entre la vieillesse, l'expérience narrative et l'histoire orale est un moyen de préserver les témoins et les preuves, passés et présents, que affirment l'identité et les modes de subjectivité.


Subject(s)
Aging/psychology , Narration , Memory
20.
Can J Microbiol ; 60(9): 605-12, 2014 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25204685

ABSTRACT

The effects of aging on the specific growth rate of Kluyveromyces lactis cultures, as a function of (NH4)2SO4 concentration, were evaluated. The growth kinetic parameters maximum specific growth rate and saturation constant for (NH4)2SO4 were calculated to be 0.44 h(-1) and 0.15 mmol·L(-1), respectively. Batch cultures were allowed to age for 16 days without influence of cell density or starvation. The specific growth rates of these cultures were determined each day and decreased as the population aged at different nitrogen concentrations. Aging signals (N-acetylglucosamine content of the cell wall, cell dimensions, and apoptosis markers) were measured. Apoptosis markers were detected after 5 days at limiting (NH4)2SO4 concentrations (0.57, 3.80, and 7.60 mmol·L(-1)) but only after 8 days at a nonlimiting (NH4)2SO4 concentration (38.0 mmol·L(-1)). Similarly, continuous cultures of K. lactis performed under nitrogen limitation and, at lower dilution rates, accumulated cells exhibiting aging signals. The results demonstrate that aging affects growth rate and raise the question of whether nitrogen limitation accelerates aging. Because aging is correlated with growth rate, and each dilution rate of the continuous cultures tends to select and accumulate cells with a respective age, cultures growing at lower growth rates can be useful to investigate yeast physiological responses, including aging.


Subject(s)
Ammonium Sulfate/metabolism , Kluyveromyces/growth & development , Acetylglucosamine/metabolism , Apoptosis , Cell Wall/metabolism , Culture Media , Kinetics , Kluyveromyces/cytology , Kluyveromyces/physiology
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