ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: to map evidence on educational technology use for accident prevention due to falls in childhood. METHODS: a scoping review, carried out in October and November 2022, in the MEDLINE, Web of Science, BDENF and CINAHL databases and LILACS bibliographic index. There was no delimitation of language or time. Data were extracted and analyzed descriptively by two independent researchers. The research protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework. RESULTS: twenty-six studies were selected. Booklets, pamphlets and leaflets were the most used technologies, presenting health services as the most frequent environment to develop research on fall prevention. The technologies developed were important outcomes: increased knowledge of children, family members, caregivers, health and education professionals. CONCLUSIONS: educational technology use makes it possible to increase knowledge, adopt safe practices and reduce falls.
Subject(s)
Accident Prevention , Family , Child , Humans , Accident Prevention/methods , Caregivers , Educational TechnologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe children's perception of risk and preventive factors related to traffic accidents using the Edutherapeutic Method. METHODS: This is a qualitative descriptive study carried out with 173 students from public schools aged seven to 14 years in Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. Data were collected in the second half of 2014. The first stage consisted of an activity with drawing/writing sheets in all classes selected by the Nursing undergraduate students. Next, the children answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data. The qualitative analysis of the expressive language of the children's drawings generated two categories: positive and negative factors for the prevention of traffic accidents and their subcategories. RESULTS: The children's perception regarding preventive and risk factors for traffic accidents was considered adequate according to other studies found in the literature on the same subject. The drawings and descriptions were used later to provide the students with a better understanding of these factors. CONCLUSIONS: The study lends support to educational activities and interventions about prevention with schoolchildren. This is one of the main goals proposed by Brazil in the National Plan of Action for Road Traffic Safety for the decade 2011-2020.
Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Perception/physiology , Students/psychology , Accident Prevention/methods , Adolescent , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Education/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Qualitative Research , Risk Factors , Schools/statistics & numerical data , Students/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: With the aging of the population, the number of older drivers is on the rise. This poses significant challenges for public health initiatives, as older drivers have a relatively higher risk for collisions. While many studies focus on developing screening tools to identify medically at-risk drivers, little research has been done to develop training programs or interventions to promote, maintain or enhance driving-related abilities among healthy individuals. The purpose of this systematic review is to synopsize the current literature on interventions that are tailored to improve driving in older healthy individuals by working on components of safe driving such as: self-awareness, knowledge, behaviour, skills and/or reducing crash/collision rates in healthy older drivers. METHODS: Relevant databases such as Scopus and PubMed databases were selected and searched for primary articles published in between January 2007 and December 2017. Articles were identified using MeSH search terms: ("safety" OR "education" OR "training" OR "driving" OR "simulator" OR "program" OR "countermeasures") AND ("older drivers" OR "senior drivers" OR "aged drivers" OR "elderly drivers"). All retrieved abstracts were reviewed, and full texts printed if deemed relevant. RESULTS: Twenty-five (25) articles were classified according to: 1) Classroom settings; 2) Computer-based training for cognitive or visual processing; 3) Physical training; 4) In-simulator training; 5) On-road training; and 6) Mixed interventions. Results show that different types of approaches have been successful in improving specific driving skills and/or behaviours. However, there are clear discrepancies on how driving performance/behaviours are evaluated between studies, both in terms of methods or dependent variables, it is therefore difficult to make direct comparisons between these studies. CONCLUSIONS: This review identified strong study projects, effective at improving older drivers' performance and thus allowed to highlight potential interventions that can be used to maintain or improve older drivers' safety behind the wheel. There is a need to further test these interventions by combining them and determining their effectiveness at improving driving performance.
Subject(s)
Accident Prevention/methods , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Aging/physiology , Automobile Driving/education , Cognition/physiology , Health Promotion/methods , Aged , Animals , Female , Humans , Knowledge , Male , MiceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To analyze a training program in accident prevention and care and Pediatric Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation taught by medical students. RESULTS: Medical students were trained as instructors. Four courses of were launched in Honduras, and the results were analyzed through a theoretical and practical evaluation and an anonymous survey. The volunteer experience for the students and the benefits to the population were positively valued. 37 students received the training. The score in the initial theoretical evaluation was 5.9 of 17 and in the final 10.5, p < 0.001. 89.1% and 91.9% of the students achieved adequate practical learning in basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for children and infants respectively. The course was rated excellently by the students. We conclude that a training program in accident prevention and care and Pediatric Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation taught by medical students could be useful in a cooperation health program.
Subject(s)
Accident Prevention/methods , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods , Education/methods , Program Evaluation/methods , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Volunteers/statistics & numerical data , Child , Cooperative Behavior , Honduras , Humans , Infant , Teacher Training/methods , Teacher Training/standards , Teacher Training/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Presentación de un caso, notificado el 9 de enero de 2017, a la Gerencia Operativa de Epidemiología del Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires por un efector privado de la Ciudad, de envenenamiento por animal ponzoñoso (Alacranismo) en un paciente residente en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Se describen el cuadro clínico y el tratamiento recibido, la evolución del caso, la importancia de distintas acciones de vigilancia epidemiológica, el procedimiento de notificación, medidas de protección, y medidas de prevención y control de accidentes. Incluye datos de centros públicos nacionales y de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires especializados en asistencia y/o in-formación sobre animales venenosos
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Child , Adult , Scorpions/pathogenicity , Antivenins/administration & dosage , Antivenins/therapeutic use , Scorpion Stings/complications , Scorpion Stings/pathology , Scorpion Stings/prevention & control , Scorpion Stings/therapy , Scorpion Stings/epidemiology , Accident Prevention/instrumentation , Accident Prevention/methods , Animals, PoisonousABSTRACT
Although complexity and resilience are key inter-related characteristics of construction projects, little is known on how to monitor these characteristics and their implications for safety management. This study investigates the contribution of Safety Performance Measurement Systems (SPMS) as a means for monitoring and understanding of sources of complexity and resilience in construction. It is based in three empirical studies carried out in construction projects, two in Chile and one in Brazil. Two main tools were applied in these studies: (i) the Technical, Organizational and Environmental (TOE) framework, focused on complexity; and (ii) the Resilience Assessment Grid (RAG), focused on resilience. Improvement opportunities were identified for existing SPMS. Also, a set of guidelines for the design of SPMS emerged from these studies as well as a model that explains the connections between the main constructs encompassed by the guidelines.
Subject(s)
Accident Prevention/methods , Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control , Construction Industry , Safety Management/methods , Brazil , Chile , Guidelines as Topic , HumansABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência da equipe multiprofissional de um centro de tratamento de queimados quanto à realização da campanha on-line sobre prevenção de queimaduras em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19. MÉTODO: Foram realizadas reuniões com equipe multiprofissional envolvendo profissionais de saúde e da comunicação do hospital, e definidas as estratégias utilizadas na campanha de prevenção de queimaduras voltados para o público infantil, que foram a produção de lives, vídeos com temas de prevenção de queimaduras e concurso de desenho para crianças em redes sociais oficiais do serviço de saúde. RESULTADOS: As produções da campanha de prevenção de queimaduras obtiveram interações nas redes sociais, com destaque para o concurso de desenho para crianças realizado na rede social Facebook®, no qual o desenho vencedor contou com 362 reações, 78 comentários e 25 compartilhamentos. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de redes sociais é uma alternativa para campanhas de prevenção. Devido ao resultado obtido, pretende-se manter em futuras campanhas as estratégias de divulgação envolvendo as redes sociais e também presenciais como as de tradição do serviço de saúde.
OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of the multidisciplinary team of a burn treatment center regarding the realization of the on-line campaign on burn prevention in times of COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Meetings were held with the multiprofessional team health providers and communication professionals from the hospital, the strategies used in the burn prevention campaign aimed at child were defined, which were the making of lives, videos on burn prevention themes and a competition for drawing for children in official social networks of the health service. RESULTS: The productions of the burn prevention campaign had interactions on social networks, with emphasis on the drawing contest for children held on the social network Facebook®, in which the winning drawing had 362 reactions, 78 comments and 25 shares. CONCLUSION: The use of social networks is an alternative to prevention campaigns. Due to the reach that has been demonstrated, dissemination strategies involving social and face-to-face networks will be maintained in future campaigns, such as those traditional in the health service.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Burns/therapy , COVID-19/epidemiology , Accident Prevention/methods , Educational and Promotional Materials , Social Networking , Health Promotion/supply & distributionABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Mostrar as ações para evitar queimaduras em crianças nos diferentes lugares onde elas são desenvolvidas. MÉTODO: Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre a prevenção de queimaduras em crianças. As buscas ocorreram no período de 1 de janeiro de 2010 a 31 de dezembro de 2019. O levantamento bibliográfico deu-se por fontes de evidência primária e secundária, tais como os bancos de dados científicos SciELO, LILACS e PubMed. Foram adotadas seis etapas para o desenvolvimento da revisão: seleção dos bancos de dados científicos, seleção da amostragem (critérios de inclusão e exclusão), coleta de dados, análise crítica dos resultados, discussão dos resultados e apresentação da revisão narrativa. RESULTADOS: A prevenção deve acontecer em casa (as crianças nunca devem ficar na cozinha, devem ficar longe de lugares onde se vai cozinhar, e de líquidos inflamáveis, produtos químicos, isqueiros), na vias públicas (não expor as crianças por muito tempo ao Sol, principalmente em praias, piscinas, rios ou outros lugares de recreação) e na escola (verificar mochilas, pastas ou sacos de crianças, não levar fósforos ou outros meios de atear fogo, deve haver nas escolas saídas de emergência e alarmes para qualquer fogo e colocação em lugares visíveis e acessíveis de informações de combate a incêndio). CONCLUSÕES: A população deve ser orientada a evitar fatores de risco de queimaduras em crianças, levando em conta os diferentes ambientes em que estas ocorrem.
OBJECTIVE: To show the actions to prevent burns in children in the different place where they are developed. METHODS: A narrative literature review of the prevention of burns in children was carried out. The literature search was carried out in the period from January 1st 2010 to December 31 2019. Bibliographic research was performed by sources of primary and secondary evidence by the databases SciELO, LILACS and PubMed. Six stages for the development of the review were adopted: selection of banks of scientific data, sample selection (establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria), data collection, critical analysis of the results, discussion of the results and presentation of the review. RESULTS: Prevention should be at home (children should never be in the kitchen, they have to be kept away from places where flammable liquids, chemicals and phosphor flasks are going to be cooked), on public roads (do not expose children by a lot of time in the sun, mainly in the baths on the beach, swimming pools, rivers or other places of recreation) and at school (check the children backpacks, folders or sacks do not carry matches or other means that can catch fire, they must exist in schools emergency exits and alarms for any fire and placement in visible and accessible means of fire fighting). CONCLUSIONS: The training of the population must be aimed to prevent risk factors of burns in children, taking into account the different environments in that this is developed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Burns/prevention & control , Accident Prevention/methods , Health Education/methods , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe children's perception of risk and preventive factors related to traffic accidents using the Edutherapeutic Method. Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study carried out with 173 students from public schools aged seven to 14 years in Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. Data were collected in the second half of 2014. The first stage consisted of an activity with drawing/writing sheets in all classes selected by the Nursing undergraduate students. Next, the children answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data. The qualitative analysis of the expressive language of the children's drawings generated two categories: positive and negative factors for the prevention of traffic accidents and their subcategories. Results: The children's perception regarding preventive and risk factors for traffic accidents was considered adequate according to other studies found in the literature on the same subject. The drawings and descriptions were used later to provide the students with a better understanding of these factors. Conclusions: The study lends support to educational activities and interventions about prevention with schoolchildren. This is one of the main goals proposed by Brazil in the National Plan of Action for Road Traffic Safety for the decade 2011-2020.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a percepção de crianças em relação aos fatores de risco e de prevenção relacionados aos acidentes de trânsito pelo Método Eduterapêutico. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 173 estudantes da rede pública do município de Lagarto, Sergipe, com idades entre sete e 14 anos. A coleta de dados ocorreu no segundo semestre de 2014 e se iniciou com a aplicação da ficha do desenho/escrita em todas as turmas selecionadas, pelas alunas do curso de Enfermagem, seguida da aplicação de um questionário sobre dados sociodemográficos. Após análise qualitativa da linguagem expressiva dos desenhos das crianças, emergiram duas categorias: fatores positivos e negativos para a prevenção de acidentes e suas subcategorias. Resultados: As crianças possuem percepção considerada adequada em relação aos fatores preventivos e de risco para acidentes no trânsito, de acordo com a descrição na literatura a respeito da temática. Os desenhos e as descrições foram utilizados posteriormente para trabalhar esses fatores com os próprios alunos. Conclusões: O estudo fornece subsídios para intervenções e atividades educativas de prevenção voltadas a escolares, o que se constitui uma das metas importantes da proposta do Brasil no Plano Nacional de Redução de Acidentes e Segurança Viária para a década 2011-2020.
Subject(s)
Perception/physiology , Students/psychology , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Schools/statistics & numerical data , Students/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Qualitative Research , Education/methods , Accident Prevention/methodsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents in schoolchildren, before and after the implementation of a health education program. Methods: Experimental study carried out in two public schools in Northeastern Brazil. The sample was composed of 173 children from 3rd to 5th grade and was randomized into Experimental Group (EG; n=0) and Control Group (CG; n=8). The educational program was carried out at EG with the use of the educational therapeutic method (Health Magic Box). The data were obtained through the questionnaire Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP), applied at the beginning of the study, before any educational actions, and one month after the experimental treatment. Paired Student's t-test was used to compare the moments before and after the intervention in the EG and initial and final evaluation in the CG. Results: The children in the EG and CG were similar in relation to sociodemographic variables, and no significant difference was observed in the level of knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents between the groups in the initial evaluation. One month after the experimental treatment, a significant improvement in knowledge was observed in EG (p=0.027). Preventive attitudes and practices were also higher in children in the EG, but without significant differences in relation to CG (p=0.060 and p=0.282, respectively). Conclusions: The educational intervention increased the level of knowledge and maintained the preventive attitudes and practices on traffic accidents at the same level in 3rd-5th grade students.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento, as atitudes e as práticas preventivas de acidentes de trânsito entre crianças escolares antes e depois da aplicação de um programa educativo. Métodos: Estudo experimental, com abordagens descritiva e analítica, realizado em duas escolas públicas do nordeste brasileiro. A amostra foi composta de 173 crianças do 3º ao 5º ano do ensino fundamental e aleatorizada em Grupo Experimental (GE), com 90 participantes, e Grupo Controle (GC), com 83 participantes. O programa educativo foi realizado no GE com a utilização do método eduterapêutico (Health Magic Box). Os dados foram obtidos por meio do questionário Conhecimento, Atitudes e Práticas (CAP), aplicado no início da pesquisa, antes de qualquer ação educativa, e após um mês da realização do tratamento experimental. Na análise estatística foi utilizado o teste t de Student pareado para comparação entre os momentos anteriores e posteriores à intervenção no GE e avaliação inicial e final no GC. Resultados: As crianças do GE e GC mostraram-se semelhantes quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas, e não foi observada diferença significativa no nível de conhecimento, atitudes e práticas preventivas de acidentes de trânsito entre os grupos na avaliação inicial. Entretanto, ainda após um mês da realização do experimento, foi evidenciada melhora significativa no conhecimento do GE (p=0,027). As atitudes e práticas preventivas também foram superiores nas crianças do GE, porém sem diferença significativa em relação ao GC (p=0,060 e p=0,282, respectivamente). Conclusões: A intervenção educativa aumentou o nível de conhecimento e manteve as atitudes e práticas preventivas de acidentes de trânsito estabilizadas em estudantes de 3º a 5º ano.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Accident Prevention/methods , Health Promotion/methods , Brazil , Outcome Assessment, Health CareABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents in schoolchildren, before and after the implementation of a health education program. METHODS: Experimental study carried out in two public schools in Northeastern Brazil. The sample was composed of 173 children from 3rd to 5th grade and was randomized into Experimental Group (EG; n=0) and Control Group (CG; n=8). The educational program was carried out at EG with the use of the educational therapeutic method (Health Magic Box). The data were obtained through the questionnaire Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP), applied at the beginning of the study, before any educational actions, and one month after the experimental treatment. Paired Student's t-test was used to compare the moments before and after the intervention in the EG and initial and final evaluation in the CG. RESULTS: The children in the EG and CG were similar in relation to sociodemographic variables, and no significant difference was observed in the level of knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices on traffic accidents between the groups in the initial evaluation. One month after the experimental treatment, a significant improvement in knowledge was observed in EG (p=0.027). Preventive attitudes and practices were also higher in children in the EG, but without significant differences in relation to CG (p=0.060 and p=0.282, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The educational intervention increased the level of knowledge and maintained the preventive attitudes and practices on traffic accidents at the same level in 3rd-5th grade students.
Subject(s)
Accident Prevention/methods , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Promotion/methods , Brazil , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Outcome Assessment, Health CareABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The present database contains information on patient falls in the hospital setting. Data were collected in January 2018 with of describing in-hospital falls reported from 1st January 2012 to 31 December 2017 in a large hospital in the South of Brazil. Learning about the characteristics of these events and establishing a profile may contribute to the design of adequate prevention and improvement strategies that are effective to reduce the risk of falls. DATA DESCRIPTION: This data set encompasses 1.071 in-patients falls characterized by the follow variables: year, date, patient birth, weekday, shift, department/location of the incident, location, severity, presence of companion, age, sex, risk level, medication associated with fall risk, implemented fall prevention protocol, type of injury, reason, restraint prescription, physical therapy prescription.
Subject(s)
Accident Proneness , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data , Accident Prevention/methods , Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Databases, Factual , Female , Hospitals , Humans , Inpatients , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Mental fatigue and sleepiness are well recognized determinants of human-error related accidents and incidents in aviation. In Brazil, according to the Center for Investigation and Prevention of Aeronautical Accidents (CENIPA), the rate of accidents in the aerial modal is 1 per 2 d. Human factors are present in 90% of these accidents.CASE REPORT: This paper describes a retrospective study of the communication between a pilot and an air traffic control tower just before a fatal accident. The objective was the detection of fatigue and sleepiness of a pilot, who complained of these signs and symptoms before the flight, by means of voice and speech analysis. The in-depth accident analysis performed by CENIPA indicated that sleepiness and fatigue most likely contributed to the accident. Speech samples were analyzed for two conditions: 1) nonsleepy data recorded 35 h before the air crash (control condition), which were compared with 2) data from samples collected about 1 h before the accident and also during the disaster (sleepy condition). Audio recording analyses provided objective measures of the temporal organization of speech, such as hesitations, silent pauses, prolongation of final syllables, and syllable articulation rate.DISCUSSION: The results showed that speech during the day of the accident had significantly low elocution and articulation rates compared to the preceding day, also indicating that the methodology adopted in this study is feasible for detection of fatigue and sleepiness through speech analysis.de Vasconcelos CA, Vieira MN, Kecklund G, Yehia HC. Speech analysis for fatigue and sleepiness detection of a pilot. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(4):415-418.
Subject(s)
Accident Prevention/methods , Accidents, Aviation/prevention & control , Fatigue/diagnosis , Sleepiness , Speech Acoustics , Accident Prevention/instrumentation , Accidents, Aviation/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Fatigue/physiopathology , Feasibility Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phonetics , Retrospective Studies , Software , Wakefulness/physiologyABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To review the literature on interventions planned to prevent the incidence of injuries in childhood. Source of data: The PubMed, Web of Science, and Bireme databases were searched by two independent reviewers, employing the single terms accidents, accident, injuries, injury, clinical trial, intervention, educational intervention, and multiple interventions, and their combinations, present in the article title or abstract, with no limits except period of publication (2006-2016) and studies in human subjects. Synthesis of data: Initially, 11,097 titles were located. Fifteen articles were selected for the review. Eleven were randomized trials (four carried out at the children's households, five in pediatric healthcare services, and two at schools), and four were non-randomized trials carried out at the children's households. Four of the randomized trials were analyzed by intention-to-treat and a protective effect of the intervention was observed: decrease in the number of risk factors, decrease in the number of medical consultations due to injuries, decrease in the prevalence of risk behaviors, and increase of the parents' knowledge regarding injury prevention in childhood. Conclusion: Traumatic injuries in childhood are amenable to primary prevention through strategies that consider the child's age and level of development, as well as structural aspects of the environment.
Resumo Objetivo: Revisar a literatura sobre intervenções voltadas à prevenção de acidentes na infância. Fonte dos dados: As bases PubMed, Web of Science e Bireme foram rastreadas por dois revisores independentes, com os termos accidents, accident, injuries, injury, clinical trial, intervention, educational intervention e multiple interventions, e suas combinações, presentes no título ou resumo do artigo, sem limites, exceto o período de publicação (2006-2016), e estudos realizados em humanos. Síntese dos dados: Foram localizados inicialmente 11.097 títulos. Foram selecionados 15 artigos para esta revisão, dos quais 11 eram ensaios randomizados (quatro feitos em domicílios, cinco em serviços de saúde e dois em escolas) e quatro, ensaios não randomizados realizados em domicílios. Quatro dos estudos randomizados foram analisados por intenção de tratar e mostraram efeito favorável da intervenção: redução de fatores de risco para acidentes, diminuição do número de atendimentos médicos por acidentes, menor frequência de comportamentos de risco e maior conhecimento dos pais sobre prevenção de acidentes na infância. Conclusão: As lesões traumáticas na infância são passíveis de prevenção primária por meio de estratégias que levem em conta a idade e o nível de desenvolvimento da criança, bem como aspectos estruturais do ambiente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Primary Prevention/methods , Protective Devices , Wounds and Injuries/prevention & control , Accident Prevention/methods , Accidents, Home/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Agriculture has the highest risk of accidents. In Brazil the reality of this situation is unknown owing to scarcity of studies and underreporting of workplace accidents in rural areas. This article aims to evaluate workplace accident prevalence and associated factors among tobacco farm in Sao Lourenco do Sul-RS, Brazil. Cross-sectional study with 488 tobacco farmers, assessing sociodemographic, behavioural, labour characteristics and association with workplace accidents occurring in their lifetime. The injury prevalence was 24%. Being male (PR 1.62; 95%CI 1.04-2.52), and tenant farmer (PR 1.87; 95%CI 1.29-2.72), bundling tobacco leaves (PR 2.00; 95%CI 1.14-3.52) and having minor psychiatric disorders (PR 1.58; 95%CI 1.06-2.35) were positively associated with accidents. 46% of serious injuries caused superficial lesions and 26% caused fractures. Rural workplace accident prevention policies need to be established, particularly for tobacco farming. Larger studies are needed to understand work process-related aspects that increase the risk of accidents.
Subject(s)
Accident Prevention/methods , Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/epidemiology , Farms , Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/prevention & control , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Nicotiana , Young AdultABSTRACT
Abstract Agriculture has the highest risk of accidents. In Brazil the reality of this situation is unknown owing to scarcity of studies and underreporting of workplace accidents in rural areas. This article aims to evaluate workplace accident prevalence and associated factors among tobacco farm in Sao Lourenco do Sul-RS, Brazil. Cross-sectional study with 488 tobacco farmers, assessing sociodemographic, behavioural, labour characteristics and association with workplace accidents occurring in their lifetime. The injury prevalence was 24%. Being male (PR 1.62; 95%CI 1.04-2.52), and tenant farmer (PR 1.87; 95%CI 1.29-2.72), bundling tobacco leaves (PR 2.00; 95%CI 1.14-3.52) and having minor psychiatric disorders (PR 1.58; 95%CI 1.06-2.35) were positively associated with accidents. 46% of serious injuries caused superficial lesions and 26% caused fractures. Rural workplace accident prevention policies need to be established, particularly for tobacco farming. Larger studies are needed to understand work process-related aspects that increase the risk of accidents.
Resumo A Agricultura concentra maior risco de acidentes ocupacionais, entretanto sua dimensão é desconhecida pela escassez de estudos brasileiros e subnotificação na área rural. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados aos acidentes de trabalho em fumicultores em São Lourenço Sul-RS. Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 488 fumicultores, avaliando características sociodemográficas, comportamentais, atividades laborais e associação com acidentes de trabalho na vida. Prevalência de acidentes na vida foi de 24%, encontrada associação positiva com sexo masculino (RP1,62IC-95%1,04-2,52), ser arrendatário (RP1,87IC-95%1,29-2,72), realização manocas (RP2,00IC-95%1,14-3,52) e problemas psiquiátricos menores (RP 1,58 IC-95%1,06-2,35). Dentre os acidentes graves, 46% foram superficiais e 26%, fraturas. Necessário implementar políticas preventivas de acidentes laborais na área rural e, em particular, na fumicultura brasileira; avançar na busca da compreensão dos aspectos relacionados ao processo de trabalho impactantes ao risco de acidentes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/epidemiology , Farms , Accident Prevention/methods , Nicotiana , Brazil/epidemiology , Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/prevention & control , Middle AgedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on interventions planned to prevent the incidence of injuries in childhood. SOURCE OF DATA: The PubMed, Web of Science, and Bireme databases were searched by two independent reviewers, employing the single terms accidents, accident, injuries, injury, clinical trial, intervention, educational intervention, and multiple interventions, and their combinations, present in the article title or abstract, with no limits except period of publication (2006-2016) and studies in human subjects. SYNTHESIS OF DATA: Initially, 11,097 titles were located. Fifteen articles were selected for the review. Eleven were randomized trials (four carried out at the children's households, five in pediatric healthcare services, and two at schools), and four were non-randomized trials carried out at the children's households. Four of the randomized trials were analyzed by intention-to-treat and a protective effect of the intervention was observed: decrease in the number of risk factors, decrease in the number of medical consultations due to injuries, decrease in the prevalence of risk behaviors, and increase of the parents' knowledge regarding injury prevention in childhood. CONCLUSION: Traumatic injuries in childhood are amenable to primary prevention through strategies that consider the child's age and level of development, as well as structural aspects of the environment.