Syndrome of ventricular septal defect and aortic regurgitation - A 22-year review of its management

Abstract Introduction: The presence of aortic regurgitation (AR) in the setting of ventricular septal defect (VSD) has always been a management challenge. Methods: This is a retrospective study looking at patients who underwent VSD closure with or without aortic valve intervention between January 1st, 1992 and December 31st, 2014 at the Institute Jantung Negara. This study looked at all cases of VSD and AR, where AR was classified as mild, moderate, and severe, the intervention done in each of this grade, and the durability of that intervention. The interventions were classified as no intervention (NI), aortic valve repair (AVr), and aortic valve replacement (AVR). Results: A total of 261 patients were recruited into this study. Based on the various grades of AR, 105 patients had intervention to their aortic valve during VSD closure. The rest 156 had NI. All patients were followed up for a mean time of 13.9±3.5 years. Overall freedom from reoperation at 15 years was 82.6% for AVr. Various factors were investigated to decide on intervening on the aortic valve during VSD closure. Among those that were statistically significant were the grade of AR, size of VSD, age at intervention, and number of cusp prolapse. Conclusion: We can conclude from our study that all moderate and severe AR with small VSD in older patients with more than one cusp prolapse will need intervention to their aortic valve during the closure of VSD.

Syndrome of Ventricular Septal Defect and Aortic Regurgitation - A 22-Year Review of its Management.

INTRODUCTION: The presence of aortic regurgitation (AR) in the setting of ventricular septal defect (VSD) has always been a management challenge. METHODS: This is a retrospective study looking at patients who underwent VSD closure with or without aortic valve intervention between January 1st, 1992 and December 31st, 2014 at the Institute Jantung Negara. This study looked at all cases of VSD and AR, where AR was classified as mild, moderate, and severe, the intervention done in each of this grade, and the durability of that intervention. The interventions were classified as no intervention (NI), aortic valve repair (AVr), and aortic valve replacement (AVR). RESULTS: A total of 261 patients were recruited into this study. Based on the various grades of AR, 105 patients had intervention to their aortic valve during VSD closure. The rest 156 had NI. All patients were followed up for a mean time of 13.9±3.5 years. Overall freedom from reoperation at 15 years was 82.6% for AVr. Various factors were investigated to decide on intervening on the aortic valve during VSD closure. Among those that were statistically significant were the grade of AR, size of VSD, age at intervention, and number of cusp prolapse. CONCLUSION: We can conclude from our study that all moderate and severe AR with small VSD in older patients with more than one cusp prolapse will need intervention to their aortic valve during the closure of VSD.

[Prevalence of tricuspid and aortic valve prolapse in patients with mitral valve prolapse]. / Prevalência de prolapso valvar tricúspide e aórtico em portadores de prolapso valvar mitral.

Two-dimensional echocardiograms were performed in 30 patients with mitral valve prolapse (15 females and 15 males, with an average of 33.3). The main objective was to observe the prevalence of involvement of tricuspid and aortic valves. Tricuspid valve prolapse was observed in 43.3% with anterior and septal involvement in 92.3% and posterior involvement in 15.3%. The incidence of aortic prolapse was 10% with involvement of both right coronary and non-coronary leaflets. All patients with aortic valve prolapse showed involvement of both mitral leaflets and at least two tricuspid leaflets. It is concluded that involvement of other valves such as tricuspid (43.3) and aortic (10%) is a common finding in patients with mitral valve prolapse.

Prevalência de prolapso valvar tricúspide e aórtico em portadores de prolapso valvar mitral / Prevalence of tricuspid and aortic valve prolapse in patients with mitral valve prolapse

Foram estudados, através da ecocardiografia bidimensional, 30 pacientes portadores de prolapso da valva mitral, sendo 15 do sexo feminino e 15 masculino, com idade média de 33,3 anos, com o objetivo de observar a prevalência de concomitante prolapso valvar tricúspide e aórtico. O prolapso da valva tricúspide foi obsrvado em 43,3% dos pacientes (13/30 anos, sendo que o folheto anterior e septal estava acometido em 92,3% e o posterior em 15,3% dos casos. A prevalência de prolapso da valva aórtica foi de 10% dos casos (3/30), estando ambos os folhetos avaliados - coronariano direito e näo coronariano - acometidos. Todos os pacientes com prolapso valvar aórtico apresentavam acometimento dos dois folhetos mitrais e de, no mínimo, dois folhetos tricuspídeos. Conclui-se que é comum o acometimento simultâneo das valvas tricúspide e aórtica em pacientes portadores de prolapso da valva mitral