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1.
Ci. Rural ; 47(1): 1-4, jan. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-684121

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of thromboelastometry in evaluations of the blood clotting system in pigs subjected to clip occlusion of the left atrial appendage. In this study, blood samples for thromboelastometry were collected, after clip occlusion of the left atrial appendage, from five pigs, in order to assess clot quality formation. Thromboelastometry with three ROTEM assays were performed: INTEM, EXTEM and FIBTEM. Results of the test were presented in TEMograms. The shape of the graph demonstrates hypercoagulability. In the thromboelastometry examination clot quality was stable in all animals.(AU)


O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a estabilidade de formação de coágulos no tromboelastometria em suínos submetidos à oclusão grampo da aurícula esquerda. Neste estudo, as amostras de sangue foram recolhidas para tromboelastometria, após a oclusão grampo do apêndice atrial esquerdo, a partir de seis animais, a fim de avaliar a qualidade de formação de coágulo. Tromboelastometria com três ensaios foram realizados: INTEM, Extem e FIBTEM. Os resultados do teste foram apresentados em TEMograms. A forma do gráfico demonstra hipercoagulabilidade. Na qualidade de coágulos, o exame de tromboelastometria ficou estável em todos os animais.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Blood Coagulation/physiology , Swine/blood , Atrial Appendage/surgery , /analysis , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary
2.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 47(1): 1-4, jan. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1479767

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of thromboelastometry in evaluations of the blood clotting system in pigs subjected to clip occlusion of the left atrial appendage. In this study, blood samples for thromboelastometry were collected, after clip occlusion of the left atrial appendage, from five pigs, in order to assess clot quality formation. Thromboelastometry with three ROTEM assays were performed: INTEM, EXTEM and FIBTEM. Results of the test were presented in TEMograms. The shape of the graph demonstrates hypercoagulability. In the thromboelastometry examination clot quality was stable in all animals.


O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a estabilidade de formação de coágulos no tromboelastometria em suínos submetidos à oclusão grampo da aurícula esquerda. Neste estudo, as amostras de sangue foram recolhidas para tromboelastometria, após a oclusão grampo do apêndice atrial esquerdo, a partir de seis animais, a fim de avaliar a qualidade de formação de coágulo. Tromboelastometria com três ensaios foram realizados: INTEM, Extem e FIBTEM. Os resultados do teste foram apresentados em TEMograms. A forma do gráfico demonstra hipercoagulabilidade. Na qualidade de coágulos, o exame de tromboelastometria ficou estável em todos os animais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Atrial Appendage/surgery , Blood Coagulation/physiology , Swine/blood , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary
3.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26112345

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of dipyrone, meloxicam, and of the combination of these drugs on hemostasis in dogs. DESIGN: Prospective, blinded, randomized crossover study. SETTING: Research laboratory at a veterinary teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Six adult dogs. INTERVENTIONS: Animals received 4 intravenous treatments with 15-day washout intervals: control (physiological saline, 0.1 mL/kg), meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg), dipyrone (25 mg/kg), and dipyrone-meloxicam (25 and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively). A jugular catheter was placed for drug injection and for collecting samples for whole blood platelet aggregation (WBPA) and thromboelastometry assays at baseline, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 hours after treatment administration. The percent change from baseline of lag time and of the area under the curve (AUC) of impedance changes in response to collagen-induced platelet activation were recorded during WBPA. Thromboelastometry-derived parameters included clotting time, clot formation time, alpha-angle, and maximum clot firmness. The buccal mucosal bleeding time was evaluated by a blinded observer at baseline, 1, 3, and 5 hours after treatment injection. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: No significant changes in WBPA and thromboelastometry were recorded in the control treatment. Dipyrone significantly (P < 0.05) increased the lag time for 2 hours and decreased the AUC for 3 hours after injection. Meloxicam did not alter WBPA. Dipyrone-meloxicam significantly increased lag time for 2 hours and decreased the AUC for 5 hours after treatment injection. Experimental treatments did not differ from the control treatment for thromboelastometry and buccal mucosal bleeding time. CONCLUSIONS: While meloxicam does not alter hemostasis by the methods evaluated, dipyrone inhibits platelet aggregation for up to 3 hours. Meloxicam-dipyrone combination causes more prolonged inhibition of platelet function than dipyrone alone. Decreased platelet aggregation induced by dipyrone and dipyrone-meloxicam does not appear to impact the viscoelastic properties of the blood clot nor increase the risk of bleeding in dogs without preexisting hemostatic disorders.


Subject(s)
Dipyrone/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Thiazines/pharmacology , Thiazoles/pharmacology , Animals , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary , Cross-Over Studies , Dipyrone/administration & dosage , Dogs , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Hemostasis/drug effects , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Meloxicam , Prospective Studies , Thiazines/administration & dosage , Thiazoles/administration & dosage , Thrombelastography/veterinary
4.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25603692

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature supporting or discouraging the use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion in critically ill patients. DATA SOURCES: Human and animal publications were searched using PubMed without time limits and the following keywords were used: "fresh frozen plasma," "coagulopathy," "hypocoagulable state," "hypercoagulable states," and "critical illness." HUMAN DATA SYNTHESIS: The commonly used tests of coagulation (eg, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio) are poorly predictive of clinical bleeding. FFP use in critically ill patients is unlikely to result in improved outcomes and may be associated with increased risks. VETERINARY DATA SYNTHESIS: There is insufficient evidence to make definitive conclusions regarding the use of FFP in critically ill animals, but clinical studies are underway that may provide further data that clarify the optimal use of FFP in animals. CONCLUSIONS: The use of FFP in critically ill patients remains controversial. In the absence of clinical bleeding or a risk for clinical bleeding associated with a planned procedure, treatment use of FFP is not recommended in human patients. There are insufficient data in critically ill animals to enable formulation of recommendations. Further research is warranted in dogs and cats to establish evidence-based guidelines.


Subject(s)
Blood Transfusion/veterinary , Cat Diseases/therapy , Dog Diseases/therapy , Hemorrhage/veterinary , Plasma , Animals , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary , Cats , Critical Care , Critical Illness , Dogs , Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Humans , International Normalized Ratio/veterinary , Partial Thromboplastin Time/veterinary , Veterinary Medicine
5.
R. Ci. agrovet. ; 12(Especial): 57-58, junho 2013.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-11979

ABSTRACT

Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, um canino, da raça Bulldog, de oito anos, pesando 32 kg, o qual habitava em um sítio. Foi relatado que o animal havia sofrido um acidente ofídico há duas horas e recebeu soro antiofídico em doses não conhecidas, por via subcutânea, cerca de uma hora após o acidente. A cobra foi descrita como da espécie Bothrops alternatus. O exame clínico mostrou edema acentuado na região submandibular direita, hematoma e lesões com sangramento no ponto de inoculação no pescoço. O animal foi hospitalizado e foram realizados hemograma e exames bioquímicos (ALT, creatinina, ureia), os quais não tiveram alterações, além de testes de coagulação (TP, TTPa), os quais se mostraram incoaguláveis (acima de 30s).(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Snake Bites/veterinary , Bothrops , Crotalid Venoms/poisoning , Antivenins/administration & dosage , Symptom Assessment/veterinary , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary
6.
R. Ci. agrovet. ; 12(Especial): 41-42, junho 2013.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-11971

ABSTRACT

As serpentes peçonhentas dos gêneros Bothrops (jararacas), Micrurus (corais), Crotalus (cascavéis) e Lachesis (surucucus) são as mais importantes em acidentes ofídicos no Brasil. A maior incidência destes acidentes na Medicina Veterinária é causada por serpentes do gênero Bothrops. Os cães são altamente suscetíveis a acidentes botrópicos devido ao seu comportamento curioso, e os locais comumente atingidos no ataque da serpente são o focinho e o pescoço. Cães e gatos são geralmente tratados algumas horas após a picada, quando os sintomas já são bem evidentes. Devido à atividade proteolítica, hipotensora e coagulante do veneno, o tratamento imediato é um fator decisivo para o prognóstico do paciente. O objetivo deste resumo é descrever o caso de um acidente ofídico em um cão atendido em hospital universitário.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Bothrops , Tachypnea/veterinary , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary , Symptom Assessment/veterinary , Antivenins/administration & dosage
7.
Rev. Ciênc. Agrovet. (Online) ; 12(Especial): 41-42, junho 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1488013

ABSTRACT

As serpentes peçonhentas dos gêneros Bothrops (jararacas), Micrurus (corais), Crotalus (cascavéis) e Lachesis (surucucus) são as mais importantes em acidentes ofídicos no Brasil. A maior incidência destes acidentes na Medicina Veterinária é causada por serpentes do gênero Bothrops. Os cães são altamente suscetíveis a acidentes botrópicos devido ao seu comportamento curioso, e os locais comumente atingidos no ataque da serpente são o focinho e o pescoço. Cães e gatos são geralmente tratados algumas horas após a picada, quando os sintomas já são bem evidentes. Devido à atividade proteolítica, hipotensora e coagulante do veneno, o tratamento imediato é um fator decisivo para o prognóstico do paciente. O objetivo deste resumo é descrever o caso de um acidente ofídico em um cão atendido em hospital universitário.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Dogs , Bothrops , Tachypnea/veterinary , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary , Antivenins/administration & dosage , Symptom Assessment/veterinary
8.
Rev. Ciênc. Agrovet. (Online) ; 12(Especial): 57-58, junho 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1488021

ABSTRACT

Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, um canino, da raça Bulldog, de oito anos, pesando 32 kg, o qual habitava em um sítio. Foi relatado que o animal havia sofrido um acidente ofídico há duas horas e recebeu soro antiofídico em doses não conhecidas, por via subcutânea, cerca de uma hora após o acidente. A cobra foi descrita como da espécie Bothrops alternatus. O exame clínico mostrou edema acentuado na região submandibular direita, hematoma e lesões com sangramento no ponto de inoculação no pescoço. O animal foi hospitalizado e foram realizados hemograma e exames bioquímicos (ALT, creatinina, ureia), os quais não tiveram alterações, além de testes de coagulação (TP, TTPa), os quais se mostraram incoaguláveis (acima de 30s).


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Antivenins/administration & dosage , Bothrops , Snake Bites/veterinary , Crotalid Venoms/poisoning , Symptom Assessment/veterinary , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary
9.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 60(6): 1346-1357, dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-6457

ABSTRACT

Realizou-se a adequação da técnica de hemodiálise com eqüinos, distribuídos em quatro grupos experimentais de seis animais cada. Os animais do grupo I foram submetidos a cateterismo central unilateral (grupo-controle); os do grupo II foram submetidos a cateterismo central unilateral com cateter duplo-lúmen e a uma sessão de hemodiálise de seis horas; os do grupo III a cateterismo central unilateral com cateter duplo-lúmen e duas sessões de hemodiálise de seis horas e os do grupo IV a cateterismo central bilateral com cateter monolúmen e a uma sessão de hemodiálise de seis horas. Empregaram-se xilazina 10 por cento (0,4mg/kg) e acepromazina 2 por cento (0,008mg/kg) via intravenosa para sedação. Foram utilizados dois hemodialisadores conectados em série, do tipo fibras ocas, baixo fluxo, membrana de polissulfona e área de 1,8m². O fluxo sangüíneo médio foi de 319,18±97,41ml/minuto, associado a um fluxo de dialisato de 500ml/min. A anticoagulação foi feita com heparina sódica em 100UI/kg para primming, repetida na dose de 53,86±18,61UI/kg/hora. Foram avaliados: tempo de coagulação, tempo de protrombina, tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada e contagem plaquetária, e verificado trombocitopenia nos grupos dialisados. O melhor acesso vascular foi proporcionado pelo cateterismo unilateral com cateter lúmen-duplo (Grupos II e III), podendo a técnica de hemodiálise ser empregada na espécie eqüina, com dialisadores de alta eficiência, em sessão de seis horas de diálise.(AU)


Hemodialysis adequacy was studied in four groups with six horses in each: the treatments: group I animals were submitted to unilateral central venous catheter (control group); group II animals were submitted to unilateral central venous double lumen catheter and one six-hour session of hemodialysis; group III horses were submitted to unilateral central venous double lumen catheter and to two six-hour session of hemodialysis, and group IV horses were submitted to bilateral central venous mono lumen catheter and to one six-hour session of hemodialysis. Xilazine 10 percent (0.4mg/kg) and acepromazine 2 percent (0.008 mg/kg) were iv administrated for sedation. Two hollow fiber, 1.8m² low flux polyssulfone hemodialysis apparatus were used in a connected serie. The mean blood flux was 319.18±97.41ml/min with a dialisate flux of 500ml/min. Anticoagulation was performed with sodium heparin, 100UI/kg for priming at the dose of 53.86±18.61UI/kg/h. Anticoagulation monitoring was performed by clotting time, protrombin time, tromboplastin activated time, and platelet number. Decrease in platelet number was detected in groups submitted to dialysis. The best vascular access was performed with double lumen catheter and the hemodialysis may be used in equine practice, with high performance dialyze used in six- hour session.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Adult , Renal Dialysis/methods , Renal Dialysis , Catheterization/methods , Dialysis/methods , Dialysis , Blood Coagulation Tests/methods , Prothrombin Time/methods , Thrombin Time/methods , Partial Thromboplastin Time/methods , Horses , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary , Dialysis/veterinary , Renal Dialysis/veterinary
10.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online);60(6): 1346-1357, dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-506543

ABSTRACT

Realizou-se a adequação da técnica de hemodiálise com eqüinos, distribuídos em quatro grupos experimentais de seis animais cada. Os animais do grupo I foram submetidos a cateterismo central unilateral (grupo-controle); os do grupo II foram submetidos a cateterismo central unilateral com cateter duplo-lúmen e a uma sessão de hemodiálise de seis horas; os do grupo III a cateterismo central unilateral com cateter duplo-lúmen e duas sessões de hemodiálise de seis horas e os do grupo IV a cateterismo central bilateral com cateter monolúmen e a uma sessão de hemodiálise de seis horas. Empregaram-se xilazina 10 por cento (0,4mg/kg) e acepromazina 2 por cento (0,008mg/kg) via intravenosa para sedação. Foram utilizados dois hemodialisadores conectados em série, do tipo fibras ocas, baixo fluxo, membrana de polissulfona e área de 1,8m². O fluxo sangüíneo médio foi de 319,18±97,41ml/minuto, associado a um fluxo de dialisato de 500ml/min. A anticoagulação foi feita com heparina sódica em 100UI/kg para primming, repetida na dose de 53,86±18,61UI/kg/hora. Foram avaliados: tempo de coagulação, tempo de protrombina, tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada e contagem plaquetária, e verificado trombocitopenia nos grupos dialisados. O melhor acesso vascular foi proporcionado pelo cateterismo unilateral com cateter lúmen-duplo (Grupos II e III), podendo a técnica de hemodiálise ser empregada na espécie eqüina, com dialisadores de alta eficiência, em sessão de seis horas de diálise.


Hemodialysis adequacy was studied in four groups with six horses in each: the treatments: group I animals were submitted to unilateral central venous catheter (control group); group II animals were submitted to unilateral central venous double lumen catheter and one six-hour session of hemodialysis; group III horses were submitted to unilateral central venous double lumen catheter and to two six-hour session of hemodialysis, and group IV horses were submitted to bilateral central venous mono lumen catheter and to one six-hour session of hemodialysis. Xilazine 10 percent (0.4mg/kg) and acepromazine 2 percent (0.008 mg/kg) were iv administrated for sedation. Two hollow fiber, 1.8m² low flux polyssulfone hemodialysis apparatus were used in a connected serie. The mean blood flux was 319.18±97.41ml/min with a dialisate flux of 500ml/min. Anticoagulation was performed with sodium heparin, 100UI/kg for priming at the dose of 53.86±18.61UI/kg/h. Anticoagulation monitoring was performed by clotting time, protrombin time, tromboplastin activated time, and platelet number. Decrease in platelet number was detected in groups submitted to dialysis. The best vascular access was performed with double lumen catheter and the hemodialysis may be used in equine practice, with high performance dialyze used in six- hour session.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Adult , Catheterization/methods , Renal Dialysis/methods , Renal Dialysis , Dialysis/methods , Dialysis , Horses , Prothrombin Time/methods , Thrombin Time/methods , Partial Thromboplastin Time/methods , Blood Coagulation Tests/methods , Renal Dialysis/veterinary , Dialysis/veterinary , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary
12.
Cornell Vet ; 72(2): 120-7, 1982 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7083860

ABSTRACT

Blood was obtained from 10 clinically normal West Indian manatees. Many coagulation screening tests were performed on the blood as well as specific clotting factor assays. All clotting factors were present and their activities compared to those of the dog. The clotting factor activities of the intrinsic system of the manatee are much higher than those of the dog. Factor X activity is about the same as that of the dog. The clotting factor activities of the extrinsic system seems to be less than that of the the dog.


Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation , Mammals/blood , Animals , Blood Coagulation Factors/analysis , Blood Coagulation Tests/veterinary , Female , Fibrinogen/analysis , Male , Plasminogen/analysis , West Indies
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