Subject(s)
Drug Compounding/history , Philately , United States Food and Drug Administration/history , Canada , Chemistry/history , Government Regulation/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Moldova , Peru , Republic of North Macedonia , Smoking/history , United States , United States Food and Drug Administration/legislation & jurisprudenceABSTRACT
Neste trabalho foi feito um estudo para obtenção de formulações multiparticuladas, formadas por micropartículas de polímeros naturais, solúveis em água, não tóxicos e biodegradáveis. Os polímeros utilizados foram: Caseína, Hidroxietilcelulose (HEC), Hidroxipropilmetilcelulose (HPMC), Alginato de sódio e Quitosana. As técnicas utilizadas para obtenção das micropartículas foram o spray drying e a atomização de alginato de sódio em uma solução de CaCl2, para gelificação das gotículas formadas, com uma complexaço ou não com quitosana. O estudo de micropartículas secas de alginato de cálcio e alginato de cálcio recoberta com uma membrana de qutosana revelou que diferentes procedimentos e variáveis de processo influenciavam...
Subject(s)
Animals , Capsules/pharmacokinetics , Caseins/analysis , Caseins/pharmacokinetics , Drug Compounding/history , Drug Compounding/methods , In Vitro Techniques , Insecticides , Polymers/analysis , Polymers/pharmacokinetics , Polymers/pharmacology , Biodegradation, Environmental , Biological Assay , Calorimetry, Differential Scanning , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Microscopy, ConfocalABSTRACT
The Aztecs in pre-Columbian Mexico used not only a large number of single hallucinogens, they also used some combinations. The present article describes reports of the use of teotlaqualli, an unction prepared from ololiuhqui and picietl, with a large number of additions. The work of the chroniclers of pre-Columbian Mexico served as a source of information. The teotlaqualli was offered to the gods, for whom it served as food. The Aztec priests smeared themselves with this unction, to lose fear and to get the appropriate state of mind to serve the Aztec gods. A few cases are reported in which the Aztec emperor or soldiers were smeared with teotlaqualli. It is suggested that the black color of some Aztec deities, as depicted in the codices, was due to anointment with teotlaqualli. In addition to its use for psychoactive purposes, teotlaqualli was used in medicine under the name teopatli.