Tinea faciei clinical characteristics, causative agents, treatments and outcomes; a retrospective study in Thailand.

BACKGROUND: Tinea faciei is a relatively uncommon dermatophyte infection. The studies, which included clinical forms, and isolated species of dermatophytes, are limited. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study aims to determine the causative organism, clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with tinea faciei attending the dermatologic clinic, Siriraj Hospital, from 1 January 2017 to 30 September 2021. Demographic data, clinical presentations, isolated dermatophyte species, treatments and outcomes were collected and analysed. RESULTS: A total of 151 tinea faciei cases were observed. Trichophyton rubrum (48.6%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex (22.2%) and Microsporum canis (18.1%) were common causative agents. Tinea faciei was commonly detected in females (64.9%) with a history of pets (54.6%). Clinical presentations often involved plaques and scales on the cheeks. Among patients with lesions on the cheek, mycological cure was observed significantly less often compared to those without cheek lesions. Patients with other concurrent skin or nail infections, a history of topical steroids and a history of previous fungal infection had a slightly longer duration of mycological cure than those without factors. Recurrent infection was found in 33.3%. Male, history of previous fungal infection, and lesions on the cheeks were significantly associated with recurrent infection. CONCLUSIONS: Fungal infection of the face was commonly found in women and patients with pets. The most common pathogen that caused tinea faciei was T. rubrum. Topical antifungal treatments could be used with favourable outcomes. The history of past infection and lesion on the cheeks should be carefully assessed to be vigilant for recurrent infection.

A survey of 701 cases of tinea faciei in Hangzhou, southeastern China, from 2018 to 2023.

BACKGROUND: Tinea faciei, a specific dermatophytosis that affects the glabrous skin of the face, not only causes physical discomfort but also leads to greater psychological distress. Tinea faciei is a public health concern. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the epidemiological characteristics, responsible dermatophyte species and clinical features of tinea faciei in Hangzhou. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Laboratory Information System of the Mycology Laboratory and Medical Information System at a hospital in Hangzhou. Isolates were identified based on their macroscopic appearance and microscopic morphology. RESULTS: Tinea faciei was diagnosed in 701 patients, involving 359 males and 342 females, aged between 2 months and 97 years. In total, 499 isolates (71.18%) were identified as Trichophyton rubrum. Anthropophilic isolates were identified in 297 (82.73%) males and 207 (60.53%) females (p < .01). Among patients with anthropophilic dermatophytes infection, 447 (88.69%) were adults. Zoophilic dermatophytes were isolated in 57 (15.88%) males and 130 (38.01%) females (p < .01), among whom 108 (57.75%) were children. CONCLUSIONS: Anthropophilic dermatophytes, especially T. rubrum, were the predominant cause of tinea faciei, while zoophilic dermatophytes were the most prevalent in children. Compared with men, women may be more susceptible to zoophilic dermatophytes.

Dermoscopy of papulopustular rosacea and comparison of dermoscopic features in patients with or without concomitant Demodex folliculorum.

BACKGROUND: The dermoscopic findings of papulopustular rosacea include tiny papules and pustules, follicular plugs and follicular dilatation. Demodex tails and Demodex follicular openings are dermoscopic indicators that are mainly found in primary demodicosis and, less frequently, in rosacea. AIM: To describe the dermoscopic features of papulopustular rosacea and to investigate the differential dermoscopic features between patients with and without concomitant Demodex infestation. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of patients with almost-clear, mild or moderate papulopustular rosacea. For each patient, dermoscopic images were taken and a standardized skin surface biopsy was performed. RESULTS: In this group of 60 patients, the most frequent dermoscopic findings were yellow dots, vascular polygons and follicular scales. Patients with moderate rosacea had more Demodex follicular openings compared with patients with mild rosacea (P = 0.02), while patients with mild rosacea had a higher frequency of follicular scales than did patients with almost-clear rosacea (P = 0.01). Patients with moderate rosacea had higher rates of Demodex follicular openings (P = 0.02), follicular scales (P < 0.001), follicular annular pigmentation (P = 0.001) and follicular pustules (P < 0.001) compared with patients with almost-clear rosacea. No significant dermoscopic differences were observed between patients with and without concomitant Demodex infestation. CONCLUSIONS: Papulopustular rosacea has specific dermoscopic findings. In our opinion, dermoscopy is not sufficient by itself for the diagnosis of Demodex proliferation in rosacea.

Correlation between dermoscopy and direct microscopy in Tineabarbae.

Tineabarbae is a rare form of dermatophytosis that affects hair follicles of the beard and moustache. Dermoscopy could prove useful to identify parasitism of hair of the beard, just as it has proven useful in the diagnosis of Tineacapitis. We present the first fully documented case series of T. barbae with clinical, dermoscopic and mycological features.

Rhinofacial Conidiobolomycosis: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Conidiobolomycosis is an uncommon, chronic, localized subcutaneous mycosis primarily affecting rhinofacial region. It is reported mainly from tropical and subtropical countries. The condition is underreported due to the lack of clinical suspicion and usually mismanaged. This rare mycosis is due to the genus Conidiobolus within the order Entomophthorales of class Zygomycetes. Here we present 3 cases of rhinofacial conidiobolomycosis in otherwise healthy adults from different parts of Sri Lanka over 1-year period. All patients had disfiguring subcutaneous lesions in the rhinofacial area. The diagnoses were based on isolation of Conidiobolus coronatus in clinical specimens.

Molecular identification of isolates of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex.

Background: The Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex is the second most common causal agent of dermatophytosis. It comprises five species-T. mentagrophytes, T. interdigitale, T. erinacei, T quinckeanum, and T. benhamie, as well as nine different genotypes of T. mentagrophytes / T. interdigitale-which are morphologically similar; however, their susceptibility to antifungal agents may differ. For targeted therapy and better prognosis, it is important to identify these species at a molecular level. However, since many hospitals lack molecular methods, the actual aetiology of dermatophytosis caused by this complex remains unknown. Objective: To characterize 55 anthropophilic isolates of the T. mentagrophytes complex recovered from a dermatological centre in Yucatán, Mexico. Material and methods: Fifty-five isolates of the T. mentagrophytes complex were obtained from patients with tinea capitis, tinea pedis, tinea corporis, tinea barbae, and tinea unguium. They were characterized by their colonial and microscopic morphology on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and through the sequencing of a fragment from the region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2. Results: All colonies grown on SDA were white. Forty-six isolates formed colonies with a powdery texture, while nine isolates formed colonies with a velvety texture. The micromorphological features were typical of the T. mentagrophytes complex. The molecular analysis revealed that 55 isolates were microorganisms that belonged to the T. mentagrophytes complex, that 46 formed powdery colonies representing T. mentagrophytes, and that the other nine isolates that formed velvety colonies represented T. interdigitale. The latter nine isolates were obtained from patients with tinea pedis, tinea corporis, and tinea unguium. Conclusions: The colony morphology on SDA led to the identification of 46 isolates as T. mentagrophytes and nine isolates as T. interdigitale. At a molecular level, the species identified by their morphology were identified only as T. mentagrophytes complex.

[Tinea barbae profunda due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes : Case report and review]. / Tinea barbae profunda durch Trichophyton mentagrophytes : Patientenbeschreibung und Übersicht.

Tinea barbae is a rare dermatomycocis, by definition follicular bound in the beard area of adult men. Manifestation usually starts with erythema accompanied by desquamation. Deeper distribution along terminal hairs leads to folliculitis with formation of pustules and nodes as well as abscesses; fixed adherent yellowish crusts may appear. Frequently there is locoregional swelling of the lymph nodes and occasionally a deterioration of general condition with (sub)febrile temperatures. Often this leads to the initial suspected diagnosis of a bacterial folliculitis barbae or impetigo contagiosa. Tinea barbae is mostly induced by species of the genus Trichophyton (T.). The pathogens are diverse and are mostly zoophilic, sometimes anthropophilic and rarely geophilic dermatophytes. With the help of a specific anamnesis and diagnostic procedure, including mycological examinations, histology and molecular detection of dermatophytes via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), tinea barbae-in our patient induced by T. mentagrophytes-can be rapidly diagnosed. Early initiation and adequate treatment duration lead to restitutio ad integrum.

Tinea faciei starting at day two of life.

Dermatophyte infections are exceedingly rare in neonates, possibly due to the thin stratum corneum and high sebum content of neonatal skin. Only a handful of cases of tinea faciei have been reported in neonates, with the majority of reports occuring in India. Here, we report what to our knowledge is the earliest reported presentation of tinea faciei in the United States. We also provide a brief literature review of other reported cases of tinea faciei in neonates less than 30 days of age.

Management of necrotizing and non-necrotic bacterial erysipelas of the face in tropical areas: a series of four cases and a review of the literature.

The necrotizing and not necrotizing acute bacterial dermohypodermitis (DHD) are acute bacterial infections of tissues situated between the skin and the muscles. The localizations of the face are infrequent, and sometimes put diagnostic difficulties with other current facial dermatosis. We report in this article 4 cases of DHD of the face with skin source, hospitalized in the service of the Infectious and Tropical Diseases of the Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). The objective is to make a current situation of their etiologies and complications, and to look for the difficulties to take care of them in a country with limited resources. The patient's care journey for this disease is long while it constitutes a medical or medical-surgical emergency. Imaging, which is essential for the diagnosis of heart valve disease and the daunting complications of necrotizing fasciitis and mediastinitis, is generally available only in tertiary hospitals. Antibiotic therapy is most often inadequate or insufficient. Anti-inflammatories, widely used, according to several authors contribute to serious forms and excess mortality. Health workers in resource-limited settings need to be better educated and guidelines issued to recognize the signs of this condition in order to enable early referral of patients in specialized settings. In addition, education of the population and hygiene awareness of skin lesions should be a priority to reduce complications.