ABSTRACT
Robot-assisted general surgery, an advanced technology in minimally invasive procedures, is increasingly employed in elective general surgery, showing benefits over laparoscopy in specific cases. Although laparoscopy remains a standard approach for common acute abdominal conditions, the role of robotic surgery in emergency general surgery remains uncertain. This systematic review aims to compare outcomes in acute general surgery settings for robotic versus laparoscopic surgeries. A PRISMA-compliant systematic search across MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, and the Cochrane Library was conducted. The literature review focused on articles comparing perioperative outcomes of emergency general surgery managed laparoscopically versus robot-assisted. A descriptive analysis was performed, and outcome measures were recorded. Six articles, involving 1,063 patients, compared outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic procedures. Two articles covered cholecystectomies, while the others addressed ileocaecal resection, subtotal colectomy, hiatal hernia and repair of perforated gastrojejunal ulcers. The level of evidence was low. Laparoscopic bowel resection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) had higher complications; no significant differences were found in complications for other operations. Operative time showed no differences for cholecystectomies, but robotic approaches took longer for other procedures. Robotic cases had shorter hospital length of stay, although the associated costs were significantly higher. Perioperative outcomes for emergency robotic surgery in selected general surgery conditions are comparable to laparoscopic surgery. However, recommending robotic surgery in the acute setting necessitates a well-powered large population study for stronger evidence.
Subject(s)
Laparoscopy , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Humans , Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods , Robotic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Robotic Surgical Procedures/economics , Laparoscopy/methods , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Emergencies , Operative Time , Treatment Outcome , General Surgery/methods , Postoperative Complications/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: La retirada de la barra de Nuss puede provocar diversascomplicaciones, algunas leves y otras potencialmente mortales. Su incidencia puede verse reducida con una preparación quirúrgica adecuaday siguiendo ciertos pasos de seguridad. El presente estudio tiene porobjeto analizar nuestra experiencia con las complicaciones acontecidasdurante la retirada de la barra, así como nuestro protocolo de seguridadpara la prevención y el manejo de dichas complicaciones.Material y métodos:Estudio de cohortes observacional llevado acabo a partir del análisis retrospectivo de todos los pacientes sometidos acirugía de retirada de barra de Nuss entre noviembre de 2013 y marzo de2022 en un hospital universitario. Se analizaron las siguientes variables:demografía de los pacientes, presencia de comorbilidades, tiempo desdela colocación de la barra hasta su retirada, y complicaciones operatoriasy postoperatorias. El estudio se realizó conforme a las directrices de laPROCESS Guideline. Resultados: Se incluyó a 40 pacientes, 37 de ellos varones. En 17pacientes se retiró una barra, y en 22, dos. La edad media en el momento de la cirugía fue de 17,5 años (percentil 25-75%: 16,75 - 19,25).El tiempo transcurrido desde la colocación hasta la retirada fue de 26meses (percentil 25-75%: 23,75 - 30,25). Se registraron 10 complicaciones en 9 pacientes (22,5%), 6 de clase I según la clasificación deClavien-Dindo (67%), 2 de clase II (22%), 1 de clase IIIb y 1 de claseIV. La complicación hemorrágica motivó la creación de un protocolo deseguridad para disminuir la incidencia de las complicaciones. Conclusión: La retirada de la barra de Nuss es un procedimientoseguro, habitualmente con escasas complicaciones, aunque en ocasionespueden ser graves. Para evitarlas, es importante contar con un protocoloque garantice la seguridad.(AU)
Objective: The Nuss bar removal procedure may bring about different complications. Some are mild while others can be life-threatening.An adequate surgery setup and the fulfilment of some security stepsmay reduce their incidence. This study aims to analyze our experiencewith the complications that occurred during bar removal and our safetyprotocol for the prevention and management of these complications.Materials and methods: Observational cohort study from a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent Nuss bar removalfrom November 2013 to March 2022 at a University hospital. Variablesanalyzed include patients demographics; presence of comorbidities;time elapsed from bar placement to removal, and the occurrence ofoperative and postoperative complications. Study written under the´PROCESS Guideline. Results: Fourty (40) patients were included in the study; 37 weremale. One bar was removed in 17 patients and two in 22 patients. Medianage at surgery: 17.5 years (Percentile 25-75%: 16.75 - 19.25). Timeelapsed from placement to removal: 26 months (Percentile 25 - 75%:23.75 - 30.25). Complications: 10 in 9 patients (22.5%); 6 Clavien-Dindoclass I (67%); 2 class II (22%); 1 class IIIb, 1 class IV. The hemorrhagiccomplication motivated the development of a safety protocol to reduceincidence of complications. Conclusion: Nuss bar removal is a safe procedure with usuallyscant complications. Nonetheless, these may be serious sometimes. Toprevent them, a protocol for a safe procedure is important.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Clinical Protocols , Patient Safety , Funnel Chest/surgery , Intraoperative Complications , Hemothorax , Pediatrics , General Surgery/methods , AngiographyABSTRACT
Introducción: Las lesiones quirúrgicas de la vía biliar (LQVB) posteriores a la colecistectomía videolaparoscópica tienen una incidencia de 0,6% aproximadamente, siendo por lo general más graves y complejas. La hepaticoyeyunoanastomosis (HYA) en Y de Roux es la mejor opción terapéutica (tasas de éxito entre 75-98%). Algunas series demostraron factible el abordaje laparoscópico en la resolución de esta patología. El objetivo es describir nuestra experiencia en la reparación laparoscópica de las LQVB. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo. Se incluyeron pacientes sometidos a reparación laparoscópica posterior a LQVB. Se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas, quirúrgicas y posoperatorias. Se aplicaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 92 pacientes con LQVB; 81 se sometieron a reparación quirúrgica, ocho fueron candidatos a HYA laparoscópica (aplicabilidad 9,88%). En 75% (seis) se logró una reparación laparoscópica completa. La mayoría eran mujeres (75%). Edad promedio de 40,8 ± 16,61 años (rango 19-65). Las lesiones Strasberg-Bismuth ≥ E3 afectaron a 25% (dos). En la mitad se realizó una HYA laterolateral según la técnica de Hepp-Couinaud; tres usuarios recibieron una HYA terminolateral y otro una bi-HYA terminolateral en Y de Roux. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 260 min (rango 120-360). La morbilidad global fue de 37,5% (tres casos): dos complicaciones menores (bilirragia grado A y hemorragia por drenajes) y una mayor (bilirragia grado C). No se registró mortalidad. El seguimiento máximo fue de 26 meses (rango 6-26). Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio muestra que, en un grupo seleccionado de pacientes, la HYA laparoscópica es factible, con los beneficios de un abordaje miniinvasivo.(AU)
Introduction: Bile duct injuries (BDI) following laparoscopic cholecystectomy occurs in approximately 0.6% of the cases, often being more severe and complex. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (RYHJ) is considered the optimal therapeutic option, with success rates ranging from 75% to 98%. Several series have demonstrated the advancements of the laparoscopic approach for resolving this condition. The objective of this study is to describe our experience in the laparoscopic repair of BDI. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted, including patients who underwent laparoscopic repair after BDI. Demographic, clinical, surgical, and postoperative variables were analyzed using descriptive statistical analyses. Results: Eight patients with BDI underwent laparoscopic repair (out of 81 surgically repaired patients). Women comprised 75% of the sample. A complete laparoscopic repair was achieved in 75% (6) of cases. The mean age was 40.8 ± 16.61 years (range 1965). Injuries at or above the confluence (StrasbergBismuth ≥ E3) occurred in 25% of cases (2). Primary repair was performed in two cases. Half of the cases underwent a Hepp-Couinaud laterolateral RYHJ, while three patients received a terminolateral RYHJ, and one underwent a bi-terminolateral RYH. The mean operative time was 260 min (range 120360). Overall morbidity was 37.5% (three cases): two minor complications (bile leak grade A and drainage-related bleeding) and one major complication (bile leak grade C). No mortality was recorded. The maximum follow-up period reached 26 months (range 626). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the feasibility of laparoscopic RYHJ in a selected group of patients, offering the benefits of a minimally invasive approach.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bile Ducts/injuries , Cholecystectomy , Bile Ducts/surgery , Intraoperative Complications , Laparoscopy , General Surgery/methods , Retrospective Studies , Epidemiology, DescriptiveSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , General Surgery/methods , Mastectomy/methods , Endoscopy , Practice Guidelines as TopicSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , General Surgery/methods , Liver Transplantation/methods , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Transplants/standards , SpainSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Practice Guidelines as Topic , General Surgery/methods , General Surgery/standardsABSTRACT
Las metástasis espinales representan una importante carga sobre la calidad de vida en los pacientes afectados por una enfermedad oncológica activa, debido a la alta incidencia de síndromes dolorosos, deformidad espinal y deterioro neurológico. La cirugía juega un papel determinante a la hora de mejorar la calidad de vida mediante el control del dolor, el restablecimiento de la función neurológica y el mantenimiento de la estabilidad espinal, además de contribuir a la respuesta de la terapia médica. La cirugía mínimamente invasiva (MIS) es una opción de tratamiento en determinados pacientes con alto riesgo quirúrgico, ya que tiene una baja tasa de complicaciones, de sangrado intraoperatorio, de estancia hospitalaria y ofrece resultados similares a la cirugía abierta. Presentamos en esta revisión el papel de la MIS en esta enfermedad, y algunos casos tratados en nuestro centro hospitalario.(AU)
Spinal metastases represent a significant burden on the quality of life in patients affected by active oncological disease due to the high incidence of pain syndromes, spinal deformity, and neurological impairment. Surgery plays a decisive role in improving quality of life by controlling pain, restoring neurological function and maintaining spinal stability, as well as contributing to the response to medical therapy. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a treatment option in certain patients with high surgical risk since it has a low rate of complications, intraoperative bleeding, hospital stay, and offers similar results to open surgery. In this review, we present the role of MIS in this pathology and some cases treated in our hospital.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Spine/surgery , Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy , Spinal Neoplasms/surgery , Quality of Life , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures , Orthopedics , Traumatology , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/therapy , General Surgery/methodsABSTRACT
Las metástasis espinales representan una importante carga sobre la calidad de vida en los pacientes afectados por una enfermedad oncológica activa, debido a la alta incidencia de síndromes dolorosos, deformidad espinal y deterioro neurológico. La cirugía juega un papel determinante a la hora de mejorar la calidad de vida mediante el control del dolor, el restablecimiento de la función neurológica y el mantenimiento de la estabilidad espinal, además de contribuir a la respuesta de la terapia médica. La cirugía mínimamente invasiva (MIS) es una opción de tratamiento en determinados pacientes con alto riesgo quirúrgico, ya que tiene una baja tasa de complicaciones, de sangrado intraoperatorio, de estancia hospitalaria y ofrece resultados similares a la cirugía abierta. Presentamos en esta revisión el papel de la MIS en esta enfermedad, y algunos casos tratados en nuestro centro hospitalario.(AU)
Spinal metastases represent a significant burden on the quality of life in patients affected by active oncological disease due to the high incidence of pain syndromes, spinal deformity, and neurological impairment. Surgery plays a decisive role in improving quality of life by controlling pain, restoring neurological function and maintaining spinal stability, as well as contributing to the response to medical therapy. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a treatment option in certain patients with high surgical risk since it has a low rate of complications, intraoperative bleeding, hospital stay, and offers similar results to open surgery. In this review, we present the role of MIS in this pathology and some cases treated in our hospital.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Spine/surgery , Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy , Spinal Neoplasms/surgery , Quality of Life , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures , Orthopedics , Traumatology , Spinal Cord Neoplasms/therapy , General Surgery/methodsABSTRACT
The challenge of knowing the events surrounding the modern origins of the different specialties of Chilean medicine should be of interest to the specialists of these specialties. Thus, in the case of surgery, fortunately in Chile there are testimonial documents, which reviewed and analyzed can suggest this question, mentioning the one who today is considered the world father of modern surgery, whose important surgical teachings were delivered to Chilean disciples who introduced it in our country. In the context of the War of the Pacific, in the year 1879, a "blood hospital" was built in Santiago, donated by Domingo Matte, a Chilean politician, to receive the many war wounded who were transported from the north. It was Dr. Manuel Barros Borgoño, a young surgeon recently graduated from the Faculty of Medicine in Paris, with a degree revalidated in Chile, who in 1880 took charge of this hospital, and together with his team, began to apply his experience in listerian methods learned in Paris from his teacher Dr. Just Lucas Champonniere. Just Lucas Champonniere, giving beginning to the Chilean antiseptic surgery, managing to reduce the mortality of surgeries to 3%, compared to 80% of other Chilean hospitals that refused to change, and continued with the use of sponge soaked in cerato (lard).
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 16th Century , History, 19th Century , General Surgery/history , Antisepsis/methods , General Surgery/methods , Chile , Hospitals/historyABSTRACT
La apendicitis aguda (AA) es una de las afecciones más frecuentes para la consulta por el servicio de guardia que requiere tratamiento quirúrgico, con una incidencia estimada de entre 6 y 8%. Métodos: Se crearon dos grupos compuestos por 25 pacientes seleccionados al azar: G1. Apendectomía laparoscópica (AL). G2. Apendectomía convencional (CA). Analizamos variables como sexo, edad, tiempo de operación, dolor postoperatorio, estadía en el hospital y complicaciones postoperatorias. Resultados: el 53.2% de los pacientes eran hombres y el 46.8% restante eran mujeres, con una edad media de 31 años. La serie arrojó una tasa de complicación general del 28% para G1 y 68% para G2. Conclusión: lo que marca la evolución no es solo la capacidad del residente interino, sino también la condición del órgano y los propios factores del paciente
Acute appendicitis (AA) is one of the most frequent conditions for consultation by the on-call service that requires surgical treatment, with an estimated incidence of between 6 and 8%. Methods: Two groups made up of 25 randomly selected patients were created: G1. Laparoscopic appendectomy (AL). G2. Conventional appendectomy (CA). We analyzed variables such as sex, age, operating time, postoperative pain, hospital stay, and postoperative complications. Results: 53.2% of the patients were male and the remaining 46.8% were female, with a mean age of 31 years. The series yielded a general complication rate of 28% for G1 and 68% for G2. Conclusión: What marks the evolution is not only the capacity of the acting resident, but also the condition of the organ and the patient's own factors
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Appendectomy/methods , General Surgery/methods , Laparoscopy/methodsABSTRACT
Presentamos una serie de casos en el que otros profesionales usaron biopolímeros para relleno y volumen en diferentes regiones del organismo, siendo la más frecuente la región glútea. El 60 % de las pacientes fueron de sexo femenino y el 40%, masculino. El 62% presentaba síntomas que excedían los síntomas locales; completando los estudios con laboratorio y/o imágenes, diagnosticamos síndrome de ASIA (autoimmune syndrome induced by adjuvants). El requerimiento original de los pacientes siempre fue mixto, algunos consultaron por la incomodidad de tener una región indurada y pétrea, sin movilidad y el resto por síntomas provenientes del producto inyectado. Los del primer grupo siempre referían síntomas generales. Se presenta una técnica novedosa y propia en la forma de encarar el tratamiento, que siempre es quirúrgico
We present a series of cases in which other professionals used biopolymers for filling and volume in different regions of the body, the most frequent the gluteal region. 60% of the patients were female and 40%, male. 62% had symptoms that exceeded local symptoms; completing the studies with laboratory and/or images, we diagnose ASIA (autoimmune syndrome induced by adjuvants) syndrome. The original requirement of the patients was always mixed, some consulted due to the discomfort of having an indurated and stony region, without mobility and the rest due to symptoms coming from the injected product. Those in the first group always reported general symptoms. A novel and proprietary technique is presented in the way of approaching the treatment, which is always surgical.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , General Surgery/methods , Biopolymers/adverse effects , Injections/adverse effects , Buttocks/surgeryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Innovative surgical procedures and devices are often modified throughout their development and introduction into clinical practice. A systematic approach to reporting modifications may support shared learning and foster safe and transparent innovation. Definitions of 'modifications', and how they are conceptualized and classified so they can be reported and shared effectively, however, are lacking. This study aimed to explore and summarize existing definitions, perceptions, classifications and views on modification reporting to develop a conceptual framework for understanding and reporting modifications. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Targeted searches and two database searches were performed to identify relevant opinion pieces and review articles. Included were articles relating to modifications to surgical procedures/devices. Data regarding definitions, perceptions and classifications of modifications, and views on modification reporting were extracted verbatim. Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify themes, which informed development of the conceptual framework. RESULTS: Forty-nine articles were included. Eight articles included systems for classifying modifications, but no articles reported an explicit definition of modifications. Some 13 themes relating to perception of modifications were identified. The derived conceptual framework comprises three overarching components: baseline data about modifications, details about modifications and impact/consequences of modifications. CONCLUSION: A conceptual framework for understanding and reporting modifications that occur during surgical innovation has been developed. This is a first necessary step to support consistent and transparent reporting of modifications, to facilitate shared learning and incremental innovation of surgical procedures/devices. Testing and operationalization is now needed to realize the value of this framework.
Subject(s)
General Surgery , Inventions , Research Design , Humans , General Surgery/methodsABSTRACT
A light-activated chemically reactive fibrous patch (ChemPatch) with tissue adhesion and wound healing activity was developed for preventing postoperative peritoneal adhesion. ChemPatch was constructed by an integrative electrospinning fabrication strategy, generating multifunctional PCL-NHS fibers encapsulating antioxidant curcumin and MnO2 nanoparticles. ChemPatch exhibited excellent photothermal conversion, which not only reformed the physical state to match the tissue but also improved conjugation between ChemPatch and tissues, allowing for strong attachment. Importantly, ChemPatch possessed good antioxidant and radical scavenging activity, which protected cells in an oxidative microenvironment and improved tissue regeneration. Particularly, ChemPatch acted as a multifunctional barrier and could not only promote reepithelialization and revascularization in wound defect model but simultaneously ameliorate inflammation and prevent postoperative peritoneal adhesion in a mouse cecal defect model. Thus, ChemPatch represents a dual-active bioadhesive barrier for reducing the incidence and severity of peritoneal adhesions.
Subject(s)
General Surgery , Postoperative Complications , Surgical Mesh , Tissue Adhesions , Wound Healing , Peritoneal Cavity/surgery , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Tissue Adhesions/prevention & control , Light , Surgical Mesh/standards , General Surgery/instrumentation , General Surgery/methods , Curcumin/therapeutic use , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Nanoparticles/therapeutic use , Magnesium Oxide/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Mice, Inbred ICR , Animals , Mice , Cell LineABSTRACT
Introducción: La superación profesional en cirujanos generales, particularizada en la atención preoperatoria, es una vía para acrecentar la educación permanente o continua, que contribuye a formar hombres de ciencias con determinados valores y actitudes. Objetivo: Diseñar una estrategia de superación para el desarrollo de las habilidades profesionales en la atención preoperatoria mediata que contribuya al mejoramiento del desempeño profesional de los médicos cirujanos generales. Métodos: Se utilizaron como métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis, histórico-lógico, sistematización, inducción-deducción, modelación, análisis documental, sistémico estructural funcional; y como empírico, la observación científica. Resultados: El diseño de la estrategia respondió al desarrollo de las habilidades profesionales en la atención preoperatoria mediata y se fundamentó desde los referentes filosóficos, sociológicos, psicológicos, epistemológicos, pedagógicos y la educación médica. Se concibió en cuatro etapas y se utilizó el ciclo Deming, que establece relaciones esenciales con coherencia lógica interna a la educación médica, en particular en el área de la formación permanente y continuada de los profesionales de la salud. Conclusiones: El diseño de la estrategia profesional permite el enriquecimiento de las ciencias de la educación médica desde el posgrado como ciencia en construcción, específicamente en el área de la formación permanente y continua de médicos cirujanos generales. Al profundizar desde el plano interno, externo y contextual para el desarrollo de las habilidades profesionales en el preoperatorio mediato, la estrategia propuesta resulta dinámica, lo que permite el mejoramiento del desempeño profesional a partir de la superación(AU)
Introduction: Professional improvement in general surgeons, particularly in preoperative care, is a way to increase permanent or continuous education, which contributes to the creation of men of science with certain values and attitudes. Objective: To design an upgrading strategy for the development of professional skills in preoperative care that contributes to the improvement of professional performance in general surgeons. Methods: As theoretical methods, analysis-synthesis was used, together with the historical-logical method, systematization, induction-deduction, modeling, documentary analysis, and the structural-functional-systemic method; while, at the empirical level, scientific observation was used. Results: The design of the strategy responded to the development of professional skills in preoperative mediated care and was based on philosophical, sociological, psychological, epistemological, pedagogical and medical education referents. It was conceived in four stages and used the Deming cycle, which establishes essential relationships with internal logical coherence to medical education, particularly in the area of permanent and continuous education for health professionals. Conclusions: The design of the professional strategy allows the enrichment of medical education sciences from the postgraduate level as a science under construction, specifically in the area of permanent and continuous training of general surgeons. Insofar it deepens from the internal, external and contextual levels for the development of professional skills in the mediate preoperative period, the proposed strategy is dynamic, allowing for the improvement of professional performance from the point of view of self-upgrading(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Professional Competence , Preoperative Care/education , Professional Training , Preoperative Period , General Surgery/education , General Surgery/methods , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
La fijación anterior de columna es una técnica bien implantada en la cirugía espinal. La presencia y necesidad de manipular los vasos principales, la aorta y las ilíacas y el riesgo hemorrágico que ello presenta hacen recomendable la colaboración de un cirujano vascular como cirujano de abordaje durante los procedimientos. Presentamos la experiencia de nuestro hospital en el tratamiento de fijación anterior de columna entre los servicios de traumatología y de cirugía vascular con una serie de 28 casos comprendidos entre el 2017 y el 2021.(AU)
Anterior spinal fixation is a well-established technique in spinal surgery: The presence and need for manipulation of the main vessels, aorta and iliac, and the risk of bleeding that presents, makes it advisable to have a Vascular Surgeon as an approach surgeon during the procedures. We present the experience of our Hospital in the treatment of anterior fixation of the experience of our Hospital in the treatment of anterior of the spine with the traumatology and vascular surgery service with a series of 28 cases between 2017 and 2021.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Surgeons , Spine/surgery , Arteries/surgery , General Surgery/methods , Lymphatic System , Cardiovascular System , Blood Vessels/anatomy & histology , Lymphatic Vessels/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
En 1976 se implantó el sistema formativo MIR (médicos internos residentes) en España. Su aceptación y sus resultados han sido un éxito. Sin embargo, hemos vivido momentos de incertidumbre (por ejemplo, la fallida implantación del proyecto de troncalidad) y conflicto (por ejemplo, la prueba de acceso, el método de elección de plazas, etc.).En tiempos en los que se reflexiona sobre cambiar la estructura o los contenidos de la formación médica especializada parece útil recordar de dónde venimos. Conocer el prototipo de residencia quirúrgica tradicional permite reflexionar y tomar decisiones.El sistema MIR español es una extrapolación del modelo norteamericano de aprender trabajando. En 1889 nació el primer programa moderno de residencia quirúrgica, desarrollado bajo la influencia de William Stewart Halsted (1852-1922) en el hospital Johns Hopkins (Baltimore, Maryland, Estados Unidos).El concepto de residencia de Halsted, muy influido por sus experiencias y su personalidad, era muy rígido (sistema piramidal) y severo (muchos años y a tiempo completo). No obstante, logró excelentes resultados académicos entre sus discípulos, muchos de los cuales superaron al maestro. Ellos difundieron el modelo hastediano de residencia por toda Norteamérica.La adaptación del modelo residencial tipo Halsted ha sido la base de los programas formativos de excelencia que actualmente existen.(AU)
In 1976 the MIR training system (resident intern medical) was introduced in Spain. Its acceptance and results have been a success. However, we have experienced moments of uncertainty (e.g. failed implementation of the trunk project) and conflict (e.g. entrance exam, method of choice of places, etc.).In times when it is considered to change the structure and/or contents of specialized medical training, it seems useful to remember where we come from. Knowing the prototype of the classic surgical residency allows you to reflect and make decisions.The Spanish MIR system is an extrapolation of the North American model of learn by working. In 1889 the first modern surgical residency program was born, developed under the influence of William Stewart Halsted (1852-1922) at Johns Hopkins Hospital (Baltimore, Maryland, USA).Halsted's concept of residence, greatly influenced by his experiences and personality, was very rigid (pyramidal system) and severe (many years and full time). However, he achieved excellent academic results among his disciples, many of whom surpassed the teacher; they spread the Hastedian model of residence throughout North America.The adaptation of the residential model Halsted type has been the basis of the training programs of excellence that currently exist.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Academic Medical Centers , Professional Training , Education/history , Education/methods , Internship and Residency/history , Internship and Residency/methods , Medicine , General Surgery/education , General Surgery/history , General Surgery/methods , Cardiovascular System , Lymphatic Vessels/anatomy & histology , Blood Vessels/anatomy & histology , Lymphatic SystemABSTRACT
Introducción: El sinus pilonidal (SP) es una enfermedad infecciosa/inflamatoria de la región sacrococcígea, que asocia recaídas frecuentes,sin un consenso claro sobre su manejo óptimo. La técnica más empleadaes la resección en bloque (RB), pero se están desarrollando métodosmenos invasivos (técnica de Gips).Objetivo. Comparar las complicaciones y evolución de pacientespediátricos intervenidos de SP en nuestro centro con dos técnicas qui-rúrgicas diferentes.Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes < 16 añosintervenidos por primera vez de SP (RB/técnica de Gips) entre 2014 y2020. Se recogieron variables demográficas, complicaciones en el primermes (exudado, infección de herida, dehiscencia, sangrado) y resultado alfinal del seguimiento. Las variables cualitativas se expresaron mediantefrecuencia absoluta y porcentaje, y las cuantitativas mediante media ydesviación estándar.Resultados: Se intervinieron 60 pacientes: el primer grupo me-diante RB y el segundo mediante técnica de Gips (76,67%, n = 46 vs.23,33%, n = 14). Ambos fueron comparables en cuanto a sexo (32,61%vs. 35,71% varones), edad (14,04 vs. 13,79 años) e IMC (26,63 vs. 26,20kg/m 2 ) durante la cirugía. Se reintervinieron 6 pacientes (10,87% vs.7,14%; p = 0,684). La mediana del tiempo de seguimiento hasta la cu-ración fue de 6,13 ± 0,98 vs. 3,31 ± 1,26 meses (p < 0,024). La técnicade Gips no presenta dehiscencias, a diferencia de la RB con un 65,22%.Conclusiones: La técnica de Gips es una alternativa mínimamenteinvasiva a la RB, que evita la dehiscencia y precisa menos tiempo enalcanzar la curación, por lo que debería emplearse como tratamientode primera elección.
Introduction: Pilonidal sinus (PS) is an infectious/inflammatorycondition of the sacrococcygeal region, with frequent relapses. Thereis no clear consensus as to which management technique is best. Themost widely used technique is en bloc resection (EBR), but less invasivemethods (Gips procedure) are now being developed.Objective: To compare complications and progression of pediatricpatients undergoing PS surgery in our institution using two differentsurgical techniques.Materials and methods: A retrospective study of patients under 16years of age undergoing PS surgery (EBR/Gips procedure) for the firsttime from 2014 to 2020 was carried out. Demographic variables, com-plications in the first month (exudate, wound infection, dehiscence, andbleeding), and result at the end of follow-up were collected. Qualitativevariables were expressed as absolute frequency and percentage, whereasquantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation.Results: 60 patients underwent surgery. EBR was used in the firstgroup, and the Gips procedure was used in the second group (76.67%,n = 46 vs. 23.33%, n = 14). Both were comparable in terms of sex(32.61% vs. 35.71% male), age (14.04 vs. 13.79 years old), and BMI(26.63 vs. 26.20 kg/m2) at surgery. 6 patients underwent re-intervention(10.87% vs. 7.14%; p = 0.684). Median follow-up time to healing was6.13 ± 0.98 months vs. 3.31 ± 1.26 months (p < 0.024). The Gips proce-dure caused no dehiscence, whereas dehiscence rate in EBR was 65.22%.Conclusions: The Gips procedure is a minimally invasive alternativeto EBR. It avoids dehiscence, and time to healing is shorter. Therefore,it should be regarded as the first-line treatment in PS patients.