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1.
Licere (Online) ; 27(02): [1-27], jun.2024. fig, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1570201

ABSTRACT

Desejar a praia, as águas salgadas e quentes do litoral atlântico brasileiro, é um sentimento relativamente recente. A representação do litoral como destino do final de semana, de feriados ou de viagem de férias, com finalidades curativas, recreativas e de descanso emerge no final do século XIX e, sobretudo, nas primeiras décadas do século XX, no contexto de cidades brasileiras. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a conformação de novos sentidos atribuídos ao litoral, expressos na emergência de inéditas representações acerca desse espaço, assim como na ocorrência de práticas associadas ao divertimento, à educação e à saúde, por meio de uma revisão de literatura de obras que abordam o tema da história do litoral moderno. Foram considerados artigos, livros, capítulos de livros, bem como teses e dissertações produzidas no Brasil que se ocuparam desta temática, no recorte temporal entre 1850 e 1950. A análise da revisão é de caráter qualitativa e descritiva, com intuito de orientar uma discussão que reúna diversos contextos brasileiros, do norte ao sul, considerando suas especificidades e concomitâncias.


Longing for the beach, the warm, salty waters of the Brazilian Atlantic coast, is a relatively recent feeling. The representation of the coast as a weekend, holiday or vacation destination, with curative, recreational and rest purposes emerges at the end of the 19th century and, above all, in the first decades of the 20th century, in the context of Brazilian cities. This article aims to analyze the formation of new meanings attributed to the coast, expressed in the emergence of unprecedented representations about this space, as well as in the occurrence of practices associated with entertainment, education and health, through a literature review of works that address the theme of the history of the modern coast. Articles, books, book chapters, as well as theses and dissertations produced in Brazil that dealt with this topic were considered, in the time frame between 1850 and 1950. The review analysis is of a qualitative and descriptive nature, with the aim of guiding a discussion that brings together different Brazilian contexts, from north to south, considering their specificities and concomitants.


Subject(s)
Rest , Travel , Coasts , Nature , Emotions , Pleasure , History , Holidays , Leisure Activities
3.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos ; 31: e2024009, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38629658

ABSTRACT

This article analyzes the reactions of Catholics linked to lay associations in the city of Salvador, in the period of the Spanish flu (1918) and smallpox (1919). Newspapers were the main sources used to identify the festivals and rites, both those practiced to ask for the intercession of the saints, and those that were suspended due to the need for social isolation. In spite of both diseases being transmissible and the short interval between the two epidemics, the analysis of the sources showed different reactions from the faithful regarding the measures of protection and the search for a cure.


O artigo analisa as reações dos católicos vinculados às associações leigas na cidade do Salvador, no período da gripe espanhola (1918) e da varíola (1919). Os jornais foram as principais fontes utilizadas para a identificação das festas e dos ritos, tanto dos praticados para pedir a intercessão dos santos quanto daqueles que foram suspensos em função da necessidade de isolamento social. Apesar de ambas as doenças serem transmissíveis e do curto espaço de tempo entre as duas epidemias, a análise das fontes evidenciou diferentes reações dos fiéis quanto às medidas de proteção e busca da cura.


Subject(s)
Epidemics , Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919 , Catholicism , Holidays , Brazil/epidemiology
4.
Brasília; Conselho Nacional de Saúde; 11 abr. 2024. 4 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | CNS-BR | ID: biblio-1568225

ABSTRACT

Recomenda á Câmara dos Deputados que, em razão dos elementos acima dispostos, não aprove o PL 3.945/2023, referente à criação do dia Nacional das Comunidades Terapêuticas. Ao Senador Flávio Arns que acolha os elementos apresentados nesta Recomendação e proceda à retirada do Projeto de Lei n° 3945, de 2023.


Subject(s)
Therapeutic Community , Holidays
5.
San Salvador; MINSAL; mar. 06, 2024. 3 p. tab. graf..
Non-conventional in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1532927

ABSTRACT

Boletín Epidemiológico del periodo de vigilancia intensificada de fin de año 2022-2023. Datos preliminares. Principales causas de consulta, acumuladas del 23 de diciembre 2023 al 02 de enero-2024. Total, consultas, emergencias y referencias. Quemados por pólvora por departamento. Quemados por pólvora por grupos de edad. Porcentaje por Quemaduras por sitio anatómico


Epidemiological bulletin of the surveillance period intensified at the end of the year 2022-2023. Preliminary data. Main causes of consultation, accumulated from 23 December 2023 to 02 January 2024. Total, consultations, emergencies and references. Burned by gunpowder per department. Burned by gunpowder per age group. Percentage by Burns per anatomical site


Subject(s)
Electronic Publications , Holidays , El Salvador
6.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e260417, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1558746

ABSTRACT

The Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) was developed to examine paternal involvement among men with children from 5 to 10 years of age. However, father involvement affects child development starting in the child's infancy. In Brazil, a revised version of the instrument (called the IFI-BR-27) was developed to use with fathers of children in a wider age group (2 to 10 years). Thus, in this study we aimed to investigate evidence for validity of this revised version based on internal structure, measurement invariance, and evidence of convergent validity. For this purpose, 572 Brazilian fathers completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the IFI-BR-27, and either the Father Engagement Questionnaire (FEQ; for fathers of children in early childhood education settings) or the Inventory of Parenting Practices (IPP; for fathers of children in elementary school). Results of confirmatory factor analyses indicated the plausibility of a second-order internal structure for the IFI-BR-27 (χ 2 / df = 3.526; CFI = .937; TLI = .929; RMSEA = .066). Composite reliability for the nine factors varied from .65 to .84. Invariance analyses indicated that the structure is independent of the child's educational setting. Evidence of convergent validity was also found ( r = .67 - FEQ; r = .58 - IPP). Therefore, the IFI-BR-27 is an adequate tool to assess the quality of father involvement for fathers of children in preschool or elementary school. The IFI-BR-27 can contribute to further scientific research, aiding in longitudinal studies, as well as helping professionals to evaluate and encourage specific dimensions of father involvement.(AU)


O Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) foi desenvolvido para avaliar o envolvimento paterno de homens com filhos de 5 a 10 anos. No entanto, envolvimento paterno afeta o desenvolvimento de crianças desde a primeira infância. No Brasil, uma versão revisada dessa medida (chamada de IFI-BR-27) foi desenvolvida para uso com pais de crianças em uma faixa etária mais ampla (2 a 10 anos). O objetivo deste estudo foi, portanto, investigar evidências de validade dessa versão revisada com base na estrutura interna, invariância de medida e evidências de validade convergente. Para isso, 572 pais brasileiros preencheram um questionário sociodemográfico, o IFI-BR-27 e o Questionário de Engajamento Paterno (QEP; para pais com filhos no Ensino Infantil) e o Inventário de Práticas Parentais (IPP; para pais com filhos no Ensino Fundamental 1). Os resultados de análises fatoriais confirmatórias indicaram a plausibilidade de uma estrutura interna de segunda ordem para o IFI-BR-27 (χ 2 / gl = 3,526; CFI = 0,937; TLI = 0,929; RMSEA = 0,066). A confiabilidade composta para os nove fatores variou de 0,65 a 0,84. Análises de invariância indicaram que a estrutura é independente do ciclo escolar da criança. Também foram encontradas evidências de validade convergente ( r = 0,67 - QEP; r = 0,58 - IPP). Assim, considera-se o IFI-BR-27 uma medida adequada para avaliar a qualidade do envolvimento paterno de pais de crianças do Ensino Infantil ao Fundamental 1. O IFI-BR-27 poderá contribuir para melhorias científicas, viabilizando estudos longitudinais e ajudando profissionais a avaliar e promover dimensões específicas do envolvimento paterno.(AU)


El Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI) se desarrolló para evaluar la participación paterna en la crianza de hijos de entre 5 y 10 años de edad. Es sabido que la participación paterna contribuye al desarrollo infantil desde la primera infancia. En Brasil, una versión brasileña de este instrumento (la IFI-BR-27) se desarrolló para aplicarse a padres con hijos de un grupo de edad más amplio (de 2 a 10 años). Este estudio tuvo por objetivo comprobar evidencia de validez de esta versión revisada con base en la estructura interna, la invariancia del instrumento y la evidencia de validez convergente. Para ello, 572 padres brasileños completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el IFI-BR-27 y el Cuestionario de Involucramiento Paterno (CIP; para padres de niños en el jardín de infantes) y el Inventario de Prácticas Parentales (IPP; para padres de niños en la primaria). Los resultados de los análisis factoriales confirmatorios indicaron la plausibilidad de una estructura interna de segundo orden para el IFI-BR-27 (χ 2 / gl = 3,526; CFI = 0,937; TLI = 0,929; RMSEA =0,066). La confiabilidad compuesta para los nueve factores varió de 0,65 a 0,84. Los análisis de invariancia indicaron que la estructura es independiente del ciclo educativo del niño. También se encontró evidencia de validez convergente ( r =0,67 - CIP; r = 0,58 - IPP). Por lo tanto, el IFI-BR-27 es un instrumento adecuado para evaluar la calidad de participación paterna de padres con hijos en edad preescolar o en la primaria. El IFI-BR-27 permitirá un mayor desarrollo científico, permitiendo estudios longitudinales y ayudando a los profesionales a evaluar y fomentar dimensiones específicas de participación paterna.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale , Paternity , Personality Development , Self-Testing , Psychological Growth , Parent-Child Relations , Paternal Behavior , Paternal Deprivation , Play and Playthings , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Psychometrics , Psychosocial Deprivation , Punishment , Quality of Life , Reading , Reinforcement, Psychology , Reinforcement, Verbal , Aspirations, Psychological , Safety , Schools , Self Care , Social Behavior , Social Identification , Social Sciences , Social Values , Stress, Physiological , Financial Support , National Health Strategies , Activities of Daily Living , Divorce , Family , Marriage , Child Abuse , Child Care , Child Development , Child Guidance , Child Language , Child Rearing , Child Welfare , Mental Health , Reproducibility of Results , Parenting , Intergenerational Relations , Time Management , Communication , Life , Eulogy , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Counseling , Affect , Culture , Education, Primary and Secondary , Paternalism , Personal Autonomy , Damage Liability , Gift Giving , Trust , Comprehension , Dependency, Psychological , Educational Status , Emotions , Empathy , Family Conflict , Family Relations , Family Therapy , Father-Child Relations , Fathers , Resilience, Psychological , Physiological Phenomena , Emotional Intelligence , Social Skills , Social Theory , Peer Influence , Paternal Inheritance , Work-Life Balance , Cultural Diffusion , Social Construction of Gender , Androcentrism , Freedom , Respect , Emotional Regulation , Social Integration , Empowerment , Gender Role , Family Support , Psychological Well-Being , Psychological Safety , Happiness , Health Services Needs and Demand , Holidays , Household Work , Human Development , Income , Individuality , Leisure Activities , Life Style , Loneliness , Love , Men , Mental Processes , Morals , Mothers , Motivation , Object Attachment
7.
Harm Reduct J ; 20(1): 174, 2023 Dec 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38053148

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Perception of drug adulteration has increased in Mexico, but there is little research on adulterants and toxicity. The aim of this study was to identify drug composition in an electronic music outdoor festival nearby Mexico City. METHODS: The participants completed a questionnaire with demographic data, harm reduction strategies, drug-use patterns, history, and the drug they expected to find. We took a small sample of each substance and prepared it for drug checking. A two-section drug testing station was placed within the grounds of the festival. Interaction with participants occurred at the front part. Drug checking was conducted at the rear part. The service was free of charge, voluntary and confidential. Forty persons aged 22 to 48 years participated (mode = 28), of which 92.5% were male, most (82.5%) were single. Through the Substance Analysis Program of "ReverdeSer Collective," we conducted the testing with the attendants that provided 51 drug samples, following ethical and biosafety protocols. We used colorimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and fentanyl immunoassay strips for sample analysis. RESULTS: Substances of choice among attendants were psychostimulants (MDMA and other amphetamine-like drugs) and hallucinogens. Most samples contained what the users expected plus adulterants. Main adulterants were methylene-dioxy-ethyl-amphetamine, methylene-dioxy-propyl-amphetamine, hydroxyamphetamine, and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor venlafaxine. Fentanyl was present in 2 out of 4 cocaine samples and in 14 of the 22 confirmed MDMA samples. CONCLUSIONS: Some of the adulterants found pose serious health risks, especially fentanyl, amphetamine-like substances, and venlafaxine. Therefore, it is urgent to monitor these adulterants at electronic music festivals and to implement prevention, treatment, and harm reduction public policies. Naloxone distribution and drug-assisted therapies should be part of government programs in Mexico.


Subject(s)
Illicit Drugs , N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine , Humans , Male , Female , Illicit Drugs/analysis , Fentanyl/analysis , Holidays , Mexico , Venlafaxine Hydrochloride , Amphetamine
8.
PLoS One ; 18(6): e0287113, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37315091

ABSTRACT

Food festivals have been a growing tourism sector in recent years due to their contributions to a region's economic, marketing, brand, and social growth. This study analyses the demand for the Bahrain food festival. The stated objectives were: i) To identify the motivational dimensions of the demand for the food festival, (ii) To determine the segments of the demand for the food festival, and (iii) To establish the relationship between the demand segments and socio-demographic aspects. The food festival investigated was the Bahrain Food Festival held in Bahrain, located on the east coast of the Persian Gulf. The sample consisted of 380 valid questionnaires and was taken using social networks from those attending the event. The statistical techniques used were factorial analysis and the K-means grouping method. The results show five motivational dimensions: Local food, Art, Entertainment, Socialization, and Escape and novelty. In addition, two segments were found; the first, Entertainment and novelties, is related to attendees who seek to enjoy the festive atmosphere and discover new restaurants. The second is Multiple motives, formed by attendees with several motivations simultaneously. This segment has the highest income and expenses, making it the most important group for developing plans and strategies. The results will contribute to the academic literature and the organizers of food festivals.


Subject(s)
Holidays , Leisure Activities , Bahrain , Atmosphere , Food
9.
Molecules ; 28(4)2023 Feb 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36838852

ABSTRACT

Berry fruits are an important dietary source of health-promoting antioxidant polyphenols. Interestingly, berry leaves of diverse species, including strawberries, have shown higher bioactive phytochemical content in the leaves than in the fruit. Moreover, the vegetative part of the plants is usually discarded, representing a presumably large source of underutilized bioactive biomass. In this investigation, the polyphenol profiles of tropical highland strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa cv. Festival) leaves and fruits were compared by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The total polyphenol strawberry leaf extracts exhibited a 122-fold-higher total polyphenol content and 13-fold higher antioxidant activity (ORAC) than strawberry fruits, and they showed evidence of possible photoprotective effects against UV damage in human melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28) and in murine embryo fibroblasts (NIH/3T3), together with promising anti-proliferative activities against the same melanoma cells. Seven polyphenols were confirmed by HPLC-DAD in the leaf extracts, with differences depending on fraction solubility. Moreover, three substituted quercetin derivatives, three substituted kaempferol derivatives, two anthocyanins, and catechin were confirmed in the soluble fraction by HPLC-MS. Given their higher total polyphenol content and bioactive activities, underutilized strawberry Festival leaves are a potential source of apparently abundant biomass with prospective bioactive applications.


Subject(s)
Fragaria , Polyphenols , Animals , Humans , Mice , Polyphenols/analysis , Fragaria/chemistry , Fruit/chemistry , Anthocyanins/chemistry , Holidays , Prospective Studies , Antioxidants/chemistry , Phytochemicals/analysis
10.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e255714, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1529210

ABSTRACT

Uma das demandas centrais das pessoas em situação de rua é a dificuldade de acesso a trabalho e renda, o que tanto pode levá-las a essa circunstância como dificultar sua saída das ruas. Nessa direção, em parceria com o Movimento Nacional da População em Situação de Rua em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte (MNPR/RN), Brasil, realizamos projeto de extensão com os objetivos de fortalecer as ações de geração de renda para os militantes do referido movimento e para o movimento em si e de promover a organização coletiva e política dos militantes do MNPR/RN em torno da pauta trabalho. Baseamo-nos na Economia Solidária para elaborar ações de geração de renda e fortalecimento político, e na Psicologia Social do Trabalho para informar sobre as intervenções realizadas pela equipe extensionista. Como estratégia de ação, foram realizados cinco bazares solidários em 2019, os quais envolveram militantes do MNPR/RN e extensionistas em reuniões preparatórias, arrecadação de materiais e efetivação dos bazares. Avaliou-se que os bazares foram uma ótima estratégia para a arrecadação de fundos para o movimento e a geração de renda imediata para os militantes envolvidos, mas que não garantiram a médio e longo prazo a renda dessas pessoas. Também possibilitaram o fortalecimento da autonomia, da participação ativa como trabalhadores e trabalhadoras e do aprendizado mútuo sobre princípios da Economia Solidária.(AU)


One of the main demands of people living on the streets is the difficulty in accessing work and income, which can either lead them to this circumstance or make it difficult for them to leave the streets. In this direction, in partnership with the National Movement of Homeless Population in Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (Movimento Nacional População de Rua - MNPR/RN), we carried out an extension project with the objectives of strengthening the actions to generate income for the militants of the referred movement and for the movement itself and to promote the collective and political organization of the MNPR/RN militants around the work agenda. We start with the Solidarity Economy for the elaboration of actions to generate income and political strengthening, and from the Social Psychology of Work to inform about the interventions carried out by the extension team. As an action strategy, five solidarity bazaars were held in 2019, involving MNPR/RN militants and extension workers in preparatory meetings, collection of materials, and holding the bazaars. The bazaars were considered an excellent strategy for raising funds for the movement and generating immediate income for the activists involved, but that they could not guarantee the income of these people in the medium and long term. It also allowed for the strengthening of autonomy, active participation as a female or male worker, and mutual learning on the principles of Solidarity Economy.(AU)


Una de las principales demandas de las personas en situación de calle es la dificultad para acceder al trabajo y a los ingresos, lo que puede llevarlos a esta situación o dificultarles su salida de la calle. En este sentido, en colaboración con el Movimiento Nacional de Población en Situación de Calle en Natal/RN (MNPR/RN), realizamos un proyecto de extensión con los objetivos de fortalecer las acciones de generación de ingresos para los activistas del referido movimiento y para el movimiento en sí y de promover la organización colectiva y política de los activistas del MNPR/RN en torno a las normas del trabajo. Partimos de la economía solidaria para desarrollar acciones de generación de ingresos y de fortalecimiento político, y desde la Psicología Social del Trabajo para informar de las intervenciones que realiza el equipo de extensión. Como estrategia de acción, en el 2019 se realizaron cinco ferias solidarias, en las cuales participaron activistas y grupos de extensión del MNPR/RN en reuniones preparatorias, recolección de materiales y realización de las ferias. Se consideró que las ferias son una excelente estrategia para recaudar fondos para el movimiento y generar ingresos inmediatos para los activistas involucrados, pero no pueden garantizar los ingresos de estas personas a mediano y largo plazo. También permiten fortalecer la autonomía, la participación activa como trabajador y trabajadora, y el aprendizaje mutuo sobre los principios de la economía solidaria.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychology, Social , Work , Ill-Housed Persons , Economics , Solidarity , Income , Poverty , Prejudice , Primary Health Care , Psychology , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Rest , Retirement , Safety , Self Care , Self Concept , Social Change , Social Conditions , Social Desirability , Social Isolation , Social Planning , Social Problems , Social Sciences , Social Work , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Sociology , Stereotyping , Unemployment , Violence , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Population Characteristics , Body Image , Brazil , Family , Illicit Drugs , Hygiene , Mental Health , Hunger , Workplace , Community-Institutional Relations , Privacy , Credentialing , Shelter , Capitalism , Democracy , Dehumanization , Gift Giving , Human Rights Abuses , Diet , Education , Educational Status , Health Status Disparities , Job Market , User Embracement , Products Commerce , Family Conflict , Social Stigma , Social Participation , Binge Drinking , Social Discrimination , Social Marginalization , Sociological Factors , Literacy , Social Segregation , Survivorship , Academic Failure , Self-Management , Freedom , Self-Neglect , Right to Health , Right to Work , Workhouses , Freedom of Movement , Food Insecurity , Housing Instability , Health Disparate Minority and Vulnerable Populations , Access to Healthy Foods , Home Environment , Sociodemographic Factors , Social Vulnerability , Citizenship , Working Conditions , Health Policy , Holidays , Housing , Human Rights , Individuation , Interpersonal Relations , Labor Unions , Leisure Activities , Occupations
11.
San Salvador; MINSAL; abr. 21, 2022. 4 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1366980

ABSTRACT

Informe que presenta la situación epidemiológica El Salvador al 18 de abril de 2022 (Datos preliminares) Principales causas de consulta, acumuladas desde el 11 de abril a la fecha, años 2021 ­ 2022 Total consultas, emergencias y referencias, Semana Santa El Salvador 2020 ­ 2021 Informe de COVID-19 I. Contexto mundial de COVID -19 II. Contexto Centroamérica y República Dominicana III. Situación Nacional, Programación semanal de tamizajes comunitarios, semana santa 2022 Recursos Humanos a disposición para este periodo del sistema integrado de salud


Report presenting the epidemiological situation of El Salvador as of April 18, 2022 (Preliminary data) Main causes of consultation, accumulated from April 11 to date, years 2021 - 2022 Total queries, emergencies and referrals, Easter El Salvador 2020 ­ 2021 COVID-19 Report I. Global Context of COVID -19 II. Context Central America and the Dominican Republic III. National Situation, Weekly programming of community screening, Holy Week 2022 Human resources available for this period of the integrated health system


Subject(s)
Health , Epidemiology , Electronic Publications , Holidays , Infections , Mass Screening , El Salvador , Preliminary Data
12.
Bogotá; Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá D. C;Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá; 2022. 2 p.
Non-conventional in Spanish | COLNAL | ID: biblio-1415930

ABSTRACT

Recomendaciones viajeros Semana Santa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bites and Stings , COVID-19 , Primary Prevention , Health , Holidays
13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34770108

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we investigate the influence of holidays and community mobility on the transmission rate and death count of COVID-19 in Brazil. We identify national holidays and hallmark holidays to assess their effect on disease reports of confirmed cases and deaths. First, we use a one-variate model with the number of infected people as input data to forecast the number of deaths. This simple model is compared with a more robust deep learning multi-variate model that uses mobility and transmission rates (R0, Re) from a SEIRD model as input data. A principal components model of community mobility, generated by the principal component analysis (PCA) method, is added to improve the input features for the multi-variate model. The deep learning model architecture is an LSTM stacked layer combined with a dense layer to regress daily deaths caused by COVID-19. The multi-variate model incremented with engineered input features can enhance the forecast performance by up to 18.99% compared to the standard one-variate data-driven model.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Brazil/epidemiology , Forecasting , Holidays , Humans , SARS-CoV-2 , Social Mobility
14.
Rev Med Chil ; 149(2): 304-305, 2021 02.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34479279
15.
Drug Alcohol Depend ; 227: 108962, 2021 10 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34461412

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: New psychoactive substances (NPS) use is a worldwide public health issue. Knowing the prevalence of NPS guides public health and legal policies to address the problem. The objective of this study was to identify NPS in Brazil through the analysis of oral fluid (OF) samples collected at parties and electronic music festivals. METHODS: Anonymous questionnaires and oral fluid samples were collected from volunteers (≥18 years) who reported the consumption of at least one illicit psychoactive substance in the last 24 h. Oral fluid sample collections occurred at eleven parties and two electronic music festivals over 16 months (2018-2020). Questionnaire answers were matched to oral fluid toxicological results. RESULTS: Of 462 oral fluid samples, 39.2 % were positive for at least one NPS by liquid chromatography‒tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The most prevalent NPS was ketamine (29.4 %), followed by methylone (6.1 %) and N-ethylpentylone (4.1 %); however, MDMA was the most commonly identified (88.5 %) illicit psychoactive substance. More than one drug was identified in 79.9 % of samples, with two (34.2 %) and three (23.4 %) substances most commonly observed. Only 5 % of volunteers reported recent NPS consumption. CONCLUSION: MDMA is still the most common party and electronic music festival drug, although NPS were identified in more than one-third of oral fluid samples.


Subject(s)
Illicit Drugs , Music , Substance-Related Disorders , Brazil/epidemiology , Chromatography, Liquid , Electronics , Holidays , Humans , Prevalence , Psychotropic Drugs , Substance Abuse Detection , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Tandem Mass Spectrometry
16.
San Salvador; MINSAL; ago. 11, 2021. 4 p. ilus.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1283220

ABSTRACT

El Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 30, presenta el informe de salud de vacaciones agostinas, detallado de la siguiente manera: Informe de eventos sujetos a vigilancia intensificada, informe de atenciones, consultas médicas, emergencias y referencias, comparativo de eventos de periodo 2019-2021 y el Informe de Covid-19, dentro del contexto mundial, centroamericano y Nacional


The Epidemiological Bulletin Week 30, presents the August holiday health report, detailed as follows: Report of events subject to intensified surveillance, report of care, medical consultations, emergencies and referrals, comparative of events for the period 2019-2021 and the Covid-19 report, within the global, Central American and National context


Subject(s)
Surveillance in Disasters , Electronic Publications , Holidays , Referral and Consultation , Coronavirus Infections
17.
Environ Monit Assess ; 193(6): 343, 2021 May 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34002266

ABSTRACT

A worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 has forced the Government of Bangladesh to implement a lockdown during April-May 2020 by restricting people's movement; shutdown of industries and motor vehicles; and closing markets, public places, and schools to contain the virus. This type of strict measures caused an outcome, the reduction of urban air pollution, around the world. The present study aims to investigate the reduction of the concentration of pollutants in the air of Dhaka City and the reduction of the Air Quality Index (AQI). Necessary time-series data of the concentration of PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and CO have been collected from the archive of the Air Quality Monitoring Station of the US Embassy in Dhaka and Sentinel-5P. The time-series data have been analyzed by descriptive statistics, and AQI was calculated following an appropriate formula suggested by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) based on the criteria pollutants. The study found that the concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and CO during April-May 2020 have been reduced by 26, 30, 07, and 07%, respectively, compared with the preceding year's concentrations. Moreover, the AQI has also been reduced by about 35% on average during the lockdown period than the same times of the previous year. However, the magnitude of pollution reduction in Dhaka is lower than in other cities and countries globally, including Delhi, Sao Paulo, Wuhan, Spain, Italy, the USA. The main reasons may include, among others, the poor implementation of lockdown (especially in the first week of April and the second fortnight of May), pre-existing pollution, transboundary pollution, incineration of solid waste, etc. This study will help policymakers figure out how to regulate pollution sources and improve the air quality of Dhaka.


Subject(s)
Air Pollutants , Air Pollution , COVID-19 , Air Pollutants/analysis , Air Pollution/analysis , Bangladesh , Brazil , Cities , Communicable Disease Control , Environmental Monitoring , Holidays , Humans , Italy , Pandemics , Particulate Matter/analysis , SARS-CoV-2 , Spain
18.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(2): 304-305, feb. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389422
20.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(5): 1173-1178, oct. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134420

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: This study evaluated the effect of resistance exercise training (RET) on body composition and muscle strength in 16 older women during summer holidays (70.5 ± 8.4 years old; Range 60-87). Exercise sessions were carried out for twelve weeks, two sessions per week, with 60 minutes of exercise per session. We measured body mass index (BMI), fat mass percentage (FM%, by bioimpedance) and grip strength with a dynamometer before and after the intervention. The participants showed a significant increase in BMI (p<0.05), FM% (p<0.001), and a significant gain in grip strength (p<0.05). The RET program could be an important strategy for improving strength for older women, but we would suggest combining it with other interventions, such as aerobic exercises with gradually increasing intensity and nutrition interventions, in order to maintain a steady weight during holiday periods.


RESUMEN: Este estudio evaluó el efecto del entrenamien- to con ejercicios de resistencia (EER) sobre la composición corpo- ral y la fuerza muscular en 16 mujeres adultas mayores durante las vacaciones de verano (70,5 ± 8,4 años; Rango 60-87). Las sesio- nes de ejercicio se llevaron a cabo durante doce semanas, dos ve- ces por semana, con 60 minutos de ejercicio por sesión. Se evaluó el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el porcentaje de masa grasa (% MG, por bioimpedancia) y la fuerza de presión con un dinamómetro manual antes y después de la intervención. Las participantes mos- traron un aumento significativo en el IMC (p< 0,05), % de MG (p<0,001) y un incremento significativo en la fuerza prensil (p <0,05). El programa de EER podría ser una estrategia importante para mejorar la fuerza de mujeres adultas mayores durante el periodo estival. El EER se sugiere combinarlo con otras variables, como ejercicios aeróbicos con intensidad gradualmente creciente y una intervención nutricional, para mantener un peso constante durante los períodos de vacaciones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Body Composition , Hand Strength/physiology , Resistance Training/methods , Pressure , Seasons , Body Weight , Body Mass Index , Adiposity , Resistance Training , Holidays
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