ABSTRACT
Resumo A partir de um estudo de caso do Rio Grande do Norte, este artigo discute o papel dos estados na coordenação da saúde durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus. A ausência de coordenação federal no enfrentamento do surto pandêmico no Brasil tem sido compreendida por diversos analistas como algo inédito na federação brasileira, rompendo com um padrão recorrente de normatização e indução nacional por diferentes governos desde a Constituição de 1988. Nesse sentido, estados e municípios passaram a adotar iniciativas próprias para o enfrentamento da pandemia. A partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em dados documentais - mídia local, boletins epidemiológicos e regulamentações estaduais - e em entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores estaduais e municipais, foi possível identificar mudanças na relação estado-municípios durante a pandemia no Rio Grande do Norte, caso marcado, historicamente, pela ausência de cooperação estadual. A pandemia, dessa forma, funcionou como um choque exógeno, que induziu uma mudança no padrão de atuação do governo estadual na saúde. Não está claro, porém, se essas alterações são pontuais ou permanentes, na medida em que o peso do autorreforço - especificação dos efeitos do legado histórico - atua como um mecanismo que produz dinâmicas inerciais de difícil rompimento com o passado.
Abstract From a case study of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, in Brazil, this article discusses the role of states in coordinating healthcare with its local governments in the context of the new coronavirus pandemic. The absence of federal government initiatives in responding to the pandemic in Brazil have been acknowledged by several specialists as an unprecedented event in the Brazilian federation, breaking with a recurrent pattern of national coordination and regulation by different governments since the 1988 Constitution. In this sense, states and municipalities had to adopt their own initiatives to respond to the pandemic. Qualitative research based on the collection of documents (local media, epidemiological reports, and state regulations) and in-depth interviews with state and municipal managers reveals significant changes in the state-municipal relationship throughout the pandemic period in Rio Grande do Norte, a state historically characterized by the lack of state coordination. The pandemic, thus, functioned as an exogenous shock, which induced changes in the pattern of state coordination in healthcare. It is unclear, however, whether these changes are one-off or permanent since the weight of increasing returns - a specification of a path dependency process - seem to work as a mechanism producing inertial dynamics of difficult disruption with the past.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , State Government , Communicable Disease Control , Public Health , Federal Government , COVID-19 , Interinstitutional Relations , Local GovernmentABSTRACT
El Hospital Interzonal Especializado en Toxicología y Salud Mental Reencuentro, del cual formamos parte como residentes posbásicos, no estuvo exento de las modificaciones que fueron necesarias implementar durante el período pandémico, en pos de garantizar la atención y acompañamiento de usuarios ya atendidos en el Hospital o demandas nuevas que comenzaban a llegar efecto de la situación sanitaria reinante. La virtualidad y los contactos telefónicos con lxs pacientes fueron los recursos principales para sostener la asistencia durante ese período. Este modo de acompañamiento a distancia facilitó el acceso de usuarixs que no se encontraban georreferenciados con la institución. La situación pandémica puso así de relieve una lógica de derivación al efector pretendidamente específico en determinada problemática, anteriormente imperante, aunque ahora acrecentada. Se dará cuenta en el presente escrito de las problemáticas, tensiones y obstáculos que nos hemos encontrado para la atención y la construcción de redes de cuidados en el territorio, de usuarixs de otros barrios y comunidades no georreferenciadas con el Hospital sede
Subject(s)
Humans , Referral and Consultation , Specialization , Substance-Related Disorders , Health Services Accessibility , COVID-19 , Interinstitutional RelationsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The transition to virtual and hybrid schooling given the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States has upended the education system and may be widening gaps in service disparities, particularly for children with disabilities. Schools often function as "de facto" service systems for most children with disabilities, particularly those from racially and ethnically minoritized, economically vulnerable, and bilingual populations. The impact of school closures on children with disabilities poses significant ramifications for the medical, behavioral health, and educational systems in which they are served, necessitating the need for pediatric clinicians to collaborate with schools in purposeful ways. This commentary (1) presents an overview of the current guidance for providing school-based services to children with disabilities during the COVID context with many schools operating in virtual or hybrid formats, (2) reviews potential service inequities exacerbated by school closures and lack of on-site services, and (3) offers recommendations for collaborating with school staff and community agencies in support of children and families with disabilities.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Disabled Children/education , Interinstitutional Relations , Schools/organization & administration , Child , Education, Distance/methods , Education, Distance/organization & administration , Humans , United StatesABSTRACT
Abstract Colombia's duality between the relative strength of the central government and the broad process of decentralization towards subnational and local governments has shaped the country's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Substantial tensions have arisen between the national and subnational governments in the handling of the crisis. Thus, blurred policy boundaries challenge multi-level government coordination. Yet, intergovernmental relations and multi-level governance have worked at some extent. Meanwhile, leadership styles, the level of political support, the local governance environment and the level of local institutional capacity have affected the strategies of local government leaders and their success to tackle the pandemic. Moreover, uneven healthcare capacity across the Colombian territory posits further challenges for a national response to the pandemic that ensures both effectiveness and equity.
Resumo A dualidade da Colômbia, entre a força relativa do governo central e o amplo processo de descentralização com fortalecimento de governos subnacionais e locais, estabeleceu os contornos da resposta do país à pandemia de COVID-19. Testemunhou-se uma substancial tensão entre os governos nacional e subnacionais no tratamento da crise. Os limites pouco claros das políticas desafiam a coordenação governamental em vários níveis. No entanto, as relações intergovernamentais e a governança em vários níveis funcionaram até certo ponto. Enquanto isso, os estilos de liderança, o nível de apoio político, o ambiente local de governança e o nível local de capacidade institucional, afetaram as estratégias das lideranças governamentais locais e seu sucesso no combate à pandemia. Além disso, as desigualdades na capacidade de prover serviços de saúde em todo o território colombiano apresentam desafios adicionais para uma resposta nacional à pandemia que garanta efetividade e equidade.
Resumen La dualidad del modelo unitario descentralizado de Colombia, entre la fuerza relativa del gobierno central y el amplio proceso de descentralización hacia los gobiernos subnacionales y locales ha influido en la respuesta del país frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. Algunas tensiones sustanciales han aparecido entre los gobiernos nacional y subnacionales en el manejo de la crisis. Un contexto con algunos límites jurisdiccionales borrosos impone un reto a la coordinación gubernamental multinivel. Sin embargo, las relaciones intergubernamentales y la gobernanza multinivel parecen haber funcionado en alguna medida. Por otro lado, los estilos de liderazgo, el nivel de apoyo político, el entorno local de gobernanza y el nivel local de capacidad institucional han afectado las estrategias de las autoridades locales y su éxito al enfrentar la pandemia. Más aun, las disparidades en la capacidad de protección en salud a lo largo del territorio colombiano plantean desafíos adicionales para una respuesta coordinada nacional a la pandemia que asegure tanto efectividad como equidad.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Politics , Health Management , Health Governance , COVID-19 , Interinstitutional RelationsABSTRACT
El equipo Red7 despliega sus acciones, fundamentalmente, en el abordaje integral de la urgencia en salud mental en el territorio de la Región VII. A su vez, su propuesta incluye un trabajo de comunicación, articulación y enlace con otros efectores y dispositivos que conforman la red de salud general, incorporando dimensiones interdisciplinarias e intersectoriales. Estructurado sobre la lógica de redes en salud y las líneas de cuidado, Red7 trabaja cotidianamente de forma entrelazada con todos estos otros actores del campo, buscando consolidar un modelo de abordaje de la urgencia que contemple una posición desterritorializante, lo cual favorece las estrategias posibles y amplía el campo de intervención, contemplando siempre el horizonte el cuidado de la salud mental de la persona a la que se dirige y su grupo familiar. Así, el presente trabajo busca desarrollar este esquema de trabajo, exponiendo sus bases y movimientos nodales, buscando fomentar una dinámica de trabajo conjunta e integral entre los equipos de salud de la Región
Subject(s)
Patient Care Team , Primary Health Care , Mental Health , Community Health Workers , Comprehensive Health Care , Social Vulnerability , Socioeconomic Factors , Residence Characteristics , Communication Barriers , Universal Access to Health Care Services , National Health Systems , Ambulatory Care , Interinstitutional RelationsABSTRACT
En esta presentación se pretende exponer el trabajo que se realiza desde el año 2015 con jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad de la ciudad de Pehuajó, en un dispositivo con base comunitaria, ante la dificultad de abordaje de esta franja etaria desde el espacio ambulatorio con el que cuenta el CPA. Este proyecto denominado "Ruidos" habilita la posibilidad de acercamiento e intervención con estos adolescentes, que portan una doble exclusión; no solo están caídos del relato social como sujetos de derecho, moviéndose en los márgenes que le permite el sistema, sino también, por sus problemáticas, padecen fuerte rechazo y a veces exclusión del ámbito familiar. Enmarcados en la Ley Nacional de Salud Mental Nº 26.657 se trabaja para promover instancias de inclusión y rehabilitación, desde una perspectiva integral de la salud mental, mediante la participación de los adolescentes en actividades recreativas, deportivas, artísticas y culturales. Se posibilita así ampliar la oferta institucional para atender necesidades y demandas específicas y particulares de dicha población. Nos planteamos como objetivo ofrecer otro lugar de pertenencia generando diversas tareas que adquieran un fuerte sentido para los jóvenes, donde puedan anudar algo de su inquietud personal en el marco de un espacio grupal. Para esta labor se requiere un trabajo interdisciplinario en articulación con instituciones provinciales, nacionales y áreas municipales a fin del armado del equipo profesional y de todo lo concerniente a la tarea que se realiza. Compartiremos en este trabajo un aporte sobre otros posibles modos de intervención que se realizan, para intentar que estos jóvenes se impliquen en la construcción de un proyecto de vida saludable
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Social Vulnerability , Return to School , Interinstitutional RelationsABSTRACT
La propuesta es dar cuenta del surgimiento y trayectoria de un dispositivo de orientación de adicciones dependiente de la Subsecretaría, que en el año 2007 se instaló en la guardia de un Hospital General. En sus inicios el objetivo fue cumplir con una de las metas de gestión (2003-2007) que implicaba incrementar la cobertura asistencial, articulando con estructuras de la administración pública ya existentes; favoreciendo además la visibilidad de la Red. A partir de estas premisas entendimos que abrir un espacio de adicciones dentro del contexto de Emergencias de un Hospital General, abocado a la recepción de pacientes con consumo, beneficiaría a "la población de consumidores de drogas y alcohol, altamente resistente a demandar asistencia especializada"(Planificación de Gestión 2003-2007). Cabe remarcar que la Ley Nacional de Salud Mental no había sido sancionada y los usuarios parecían carecer de derechos a una cobertura sanitaria. Desde el año 2007 hasta el presente, diferentes fueron las estrategias de abordaje siendo el eje de trabajo la interdisciplina y el enlace con organizaciones e instituciones ocupadas en el tema. El armado y consolidación de la red fue lo que hizo posible la continuidad del dispositivo y la ampliación de espacios de abordaje. El quehacer cotidiano no hubiese sido posible sin la participación y la colaboración activa de diferentes sectores, pues hubiera quedado reducido a un trabajo monodisciplinar en el que nuestro proyecto quizás, hubiera naufragado
Subject(s)
Humans , Community Health Services , Substance-Related Disorders , Emergencies , Emergency Service, Hospital , Medicalization , HIV , Drug Overdose , Social Capital , Interinstitutional RelationsABSTRACT
This article presents an experience report about integration between public and private health services, health service managers and the academy, for surveillance and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, in the municipality of Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The city is home to a university and has a large flow of people from different parts of the country, as well as being one of the first municipalities in the state of Santa Catarina to report cases of community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The measures adopted included the implementation of the COVID-19 Monitoring Committee, the Municipal Health Emergency Operations Center, and the COVID-19 Contingency Plan. After 100 days of pandemic, 5,979 cases had been reported, 431 (7.2%) had been confirmed, of which five (1.2%) died. Early decisions, such as the immediate suspension of business activities and crowded events, may have reduced the spread of the virus. The partnerships put into place have provided innovation and supported public service management in decision-making based upon scientific evidence.
Apresenta-se o relato de experiência da integração entre serviços de saúde públicos e privados, gestores e universidade, para a vigilância e controle da epidemia de COVID-19 em Tubarão, SC, Brasil. A cidade, universitária, cenário de grande fluxo de pessoas de diferentes locais do país, foi um dos primeiros municípios do estado catarinense com transmissão comunitária do SARS-CoV-2. São detalhadas as medidas adotadas com a criação do Comitê de Monitoramento da COVID-19, do Centro de Operações de Emergências Municipais em Saúde, e do Plano de Contingência da Doença. Passados 100 dias de pandemia, foram 5.979 casos notificados e 431 (7,2%) confirmados, dos quais 5 (1,2%) foram a óbito. Decisões precoces suspensão imediata das atividades de comércio e eventos com aglomeração podem ter limitado a propagação do vírus. As parcerias estabelecidas trazem inovação e subsidiam a gestão pública nas tomadas de decisão pautadas em evidências científicas.
Se presenta la experiencia de la integración entre los servicios de Salud Pública y privados, los administradores y la universidad para la vigilancia y el control de la epidemia de COVID-19 en Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brasil. La ciudad universitaria, con un gran flujo de personas de diferentes partes del país, fue uno de los primeros municipios del estado con transmisión comunitaria de SARS-CoV-2. Las medidas adoptadas se detallan con la creación del Comité de Monitoreo COVID-19, el Centro de Operaciones Municipales de Emergencia en Salud y un Plan de Contingencia de la Enfermedad. Después de 100 días de pandemia, se reportaron 5,979 casos, 431 (7,2%) confirmados, de los cuales cinco (1,2%) murieron. Las decisiones precoces, la suspensión inmediata de las actividades comerciales y de los eventos con aglomeración han reducido la propagación del virus. Las asociaciones establecidas aportan innovación y subsidian la gestión pública en la toma de decisiones basadas en evidencia científica.
Subject(s)
Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Interinstitutional Relations , Pandemics/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Public-Private Sector Partnerships/organization & administration , Advisory Committees , Brazil/epidemiology , COVID-19 , Communication , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Health Plan Implementation , Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , Population Surveillance/methods , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Resumo Este artigo analisa como o federalismo brasileiro tem afetado o combate à COVID-19. Tendo por base uma análise histórico-institucional do caso brasileiro, busca-se compreender como o modelo federativo construído pelo governo Bolsonaro influenciou as respostas ao combate da pandemia no país, bem como os resultados do confronto de dois modelos federativos nesse processo. De um lado, o ideário e as estruturas institucionais da Constituição de 1988 com características cooperativas e forte coordenação federal. De outro, o federalismo bolsonarista baseia-se numa visão dualista de relações intergovernamentais, com menor participação da União na redução de desigualdades territoriais e no apoio a governos subnacionais, além da postura centralizadora e hierárquica nas questões de impacto nacional. O estudo mostra que o federalismo bolsonarista aumentou o conflito com governos subnacionais e tem descoordenado políticas públicas de enfrentamento à pandemia. Conclui-se que as crises sanitária e federativa caminham juntas e trazem à tona uma questão chave: a importância da coordenação governamental nas políticas públicas de enfrentamento à pandemia.
Resumen Este artículo analiza cómo el federalismo brasileño ha afectado la lucha contra la COVID-19. A partir de un análisis histórico-institucional del caso brasileño, buscamos comprender cómo el modelo federativo construido por el gobierno de Bolsonaro influyó en las respuestas para combatir la pandemia en el país, así como los resultados de la confrontación de dos modelos federativos en este proceso. Por un lado, el ideario y las estructuras institucionales de la Constitución de 1988 con características cooperativas y una fuerte coordinación federal. Por otro, el federalismo bolsonarista que se basa en una visión dualista de las relaciones intergubernamentales, con menos participación del Gobierno Federal en la reducción de las desigualdades territoriales y en el apoyo a los gobiernos subnacionales, además de la postura centralizadora y jerárquica en materias de impacto nacional. El estudio muestra que el federalismo bolsonarista ha aumentado el conflicto con los gobiernos subnacionales y ha descoordinado las políticas públicas de combate a la pandemia. Se concluye que las crisis sanitaria y federativa van juntas y plantean una cuestión clave: la importancia de la coordinación gubernamental en la implementación de políticas públicas de enfrentamiento a la pandemia y sus efectos sociales y económicos.
Abstract This article analyzes how federalism has affected policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Through historical-institutional analysis, the study examines how the model of federalism adopted by President Bolsonaro's government influenced policy responses to the pandemic in the country. In addition, the research points out the existence of two models of federalism in the case analyzed, addressing the outcomes of the confrontation between them. The first model refers to ideas and institutional structures that have emerged since the 1988 Brazilian Federal Constitution with cooperative features and strong federal coordination. The second, named "Bolsonaro's federalism," is based on a dualistic view of intergovernmental relations with little participation of the federal government in reducing territorial inequalities and supporting subnational governments, while centralizing issues of national importance and adopting a hierarchical stance. The study shows that Bolsonaro's government increased the conflict with subnational governments and jeopardized the coordination of policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. We conclude that healthcare and federative crises go together and raise a key question: what is the importance of governmental coordination to implement policies to respond to the pandemic and its social and economic effects?
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Public Policy , Coronavirus Infections , Federalism , Federal Government , Interinstitutional RelationsABSTRACT
Apresenta-se o relato de experiência da integração entre serviços de saúde públicos e privados, gestores e universidade, para a vigilância e controle da epidemia de COVID-19 em Tubarão, SC, Brasil. A cidade, universitária, cenário de grande fluxo de pessoas de diferentes locais do país, foi um dos primeiros municípios do estado catarinense com transmissão comunitária do SARS-CoV-2. São detalhadas as medidas adotadas com a criação do Comitê de Monitoramento da COVID-19, do Centro de Operações de Emergências Municipais em Saúde, e do Plano de Contingência da Doença. Passados 100 dias de pandemia, foram 5.979 casos notificados e 431 (7,2%) confirmados, dos quais 5 (1,2%) foram a óbito. Decisões precoces - suspensão imediata das atividades de comércio e eventos com aglomeração - podem ter limitado a propagação do vírus. As parcerias estabelecidas trazem inovação e subsidiam a gestão pública nas tomadas de decisão pautadas em evidências científicas.
Se presenta la experiencia de la integración entre los servicios de Salud Pública y privados, los administradores y la universidad para la vigilancia y el control de la epidemia de COVID-19 en Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brasil. La ciudad universitaria, con un gran flujo de personas de diferentes partes del país, fue uno de los primeros municipios del estado con transmisión comunitaria de SARS-CoV-2. Las medidas adoptadas se detallan con la creación del Comité de Monitoreo COVID-19, el Centro de Operaciones Municipales de Emergencia en Salud y un Plan de Contingencia de la Enfermedad. Después de 100 días de pandemia, se reportaron 5,979 casos, 431 (7,2%) confirmados, de los cuales cinco (1,2%) murieron. Las decisiones precoces, la suspensión inmediata de las actividades comerciales y de los eventos con aglomeración han reducido la propagación del virus. Las asociaciones establecidas aportan innovación y subsidian la gestión pública en la toma de decisiones basadas en evidencia científica.
This article presents an experience report about integration between public and private health services, health service managers and the academy, for surveillance and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, in the municipality of Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The city is home to a university and has a large flow of people from different parts of the country, as well as being one of the first municipalities in the state of Santa Catarina to report cases of community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The measures adopted included the implementation of the COVID-19 Monitoring Committee, the Municipal Health Emergency Operations Center, and the COVID-19 Contingency Plan. After 100 days of pandemic, 5,979 cases had been reported, 431 (7.2%) had been confirmed, of which five (1.2%) died. Early decisions, such as the immediate suspension of business activities and crowded events, may have reduced the spread of the virus. The partnerships put into place have provided innovation and supported public service management in decision-making based upon scientific evidence.
Subject(s)
Humans , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Public-Private Sector Partnerships/organization & administration , Health Plan Implementation , Interinstitutional Relations , Brazil/epidemiology , Advisory Committees , Pandemics , Public Health Surveillance , Epidemiological MonitoringABSTRACT
Resumo Analisou-se a construção do consenso e da pactuação entre gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde em Comissões Intergestores Regionais de dois cenários metropolitanos, mediante estudo de casos múltiplos para análise comparativa entre a Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza-Ceará e a Região Metropolitana de Salvador-Bahia. O referencial teórico utilizado fundamentou-se na obra de Mário Testa e na Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas. A produção de dados combinou análise documental, entrevistas com gestores das instâncias estaduais, municipais e federal, com a observação direta de reuniões de Comissão Intergestores Regional, Conselho Estadual de Saúde, Comissão Intergestores Bipartite, reuniões entre nível central e regional, além de reuniões ampliadas do Conselho de Secretarias Municipais de Saúde, nos dois estados. Os problemas relativos à Programação Pactuada e Integrada e ao subfinanciamento do SUS foram os pontos comuns nos cenários estudados. Tais problemas estão imbricados e interferem de modo importante nas relações interinstitucionais entre os municípios, apontando a disputa por recursos como um entrave para a construção do consenso e da pactuação, pautados no diálogo e no entendimento entre atores.
Abstract The creation of consensus and agreement among managers of the Unified Health System (SUS) was analyzed in Regional Interagency Commissions of two metropolitan scenarios, by means of a multiple case study for comparative analysis between the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza-Ceará and the Metropolitan Region of Salvador-Bahia. The theoretical reference used was based on Mario Testa's work and on Habermas' Theory of Communicative Action. The data production merged documental analysis, interviews with managers of state, municipal and federal levels with direct observation of meetings of the Regional Interagency Commission, the State Health Council, the Bipartite Interagency Commission, meetings between central and regional levels, in addition to extended meetings of the Health Municipal Offices Council, in both states. The problems related to Agreed and Integrated Programming and to the underfunding of SUS were common points in the scenarios studied. Such problems are interlinked and interfere in an important way in the interinstitutional relations between the municipalities, highlighting the dispute for resources as an obstacle for the creation of consensus and agreement, based on the dialogue and understanding between actors.
Subject(s)
Humans , State Health Plans , Negotiating , Consensus , Health Facility Administrators , Interinstitutional Relations , Brazil , Organizational Case Studies , Health Systems PlansABSTRACT
The creation of consensus and agreement among managers of the Unified Health System (SUS) was analyzed in Regional Interagency Commissions of two metropolitan scenarios, by means of a multiple case study for comparative analysis between the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza-Ceará and the Metropolitan Region of Salvador-Bahia. The theoretical reference used was based on Mario Testa's work and on Habermas' Theory of Communicative Action. The data production merged documental analysis, interviews with managers of state, municipal and federal levels with direct observation of meetings of the Regional Interagency Commission, the State Health Council, the Bipartite Interagency Commission, meetings between central and regional levels, in addition to extended meetings of the Health Municipal Offices Council, in both states. The problems related to Agreed and Integrated Programming and to the underfunding of SUS were common points in the scenarios studied. Such problems are interlinked and interfere in an important way in the interinstitutional relations between the municipalities, highlighting the dispute for resources as an obstacle for the creation of consensus and agreement, based on the dialogue and understanding between actors.
Analisou-se a construção do consenso e da pactuação entre gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde em Comissões Intergestores Regionais de dois cenários metropolitanos, mediante estudo de casos múltiplos para análise comparativa entre a Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza-Ceará e a Região Metropolitana de Salvador-Bahia. O referencial teórico utilizado fundamentou-se na obra de Mário Testa e na Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas. A produção de dados combinou análise documental, entrevistas com gestores das instâncias estaduais, municipais e federal, com a observação direta de reuniões de Comissão Intergestores Regional, Conselho Estadual de Saúde, Comissão Intergestores Bipartite, reuniões entre nível central e regional, além de reuniões ampliadas do Conselho de Secretarias Municipais de Saúde, nos dois estados. Os problemas relativos à Programação Pactuada e Integrada e ao subfinanciamento do SUS foram os pontos comuns nos cenários estudados. Tais problemas estão imbricados e interferem de modo importante nas relações interinstitucionais entre os municípios, apontando a disputa por recursos como um entrave para a construção do consenso e da pactuação, pautados no diálogo e no entendimento entre atores.
Subject(s)
Consensus , Health Facility Administrators , Interinstitutional Relations , Negotiating , State Health Plans , Brazil , Health Systems Plans , Humans , Organizational Case StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To develop an ethical framework for collaboration in international academic partnerships in family medicine. COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE: A subgroup of the Besrour Centre of the College of Family Physicians of Canada including family medicine and bioethics experts began to collaborate in 2014 to undertake the development of an ethical framework and tools for the establishment of ethically sound international academic partnerships. METHODS: Following 2 consultative workshops and a wider consultation process with the Besrour Centre global community, the authors developed an ethical framework and tools for approval by the Besrour Centre leadership in November 2017. REPORT: Partnerships are essential to family practice and to the field of international development. The flawed nature of many North-South research partnerships underlines the importance of and need for delineating core principles for ethically sound partnerships, of which 10 have been identified in this process: accountability, cost and efficiencies, excellence, equity, humility, justice, leadership, reciprocity, respect for self-determination, and transparency. Based on these principles, a decision-making framework was created to translate these values into actions and to promote a cohesive and transparent structure for discussions. Fostering fairness, transparency, and consistency in decision making reduces the potential for inequity in a partnership, leading to lasting relationships that endure beyond the scope of a partnership agreement.
Subject(s)
Decision Making/ethics , Family Practice , International Cooperation , Universities , Brazil , Canada , Global Health , Humans , Interinstitutional Relations , Leadership , Social ResponsibilityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The Healthy Aging Partnerships in Prevention Initiative (HAPPI) aims to increase the use of clinical preventive services (CPS) among underserved Latinos and African Americans in South Los Angeles who are 50+ years old. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HAPPI uses an evidencebased model, SPARC, to leverage existing resources and link community resources. HAPPI's multi-sectoral partnerships include local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community health centers (CHCs), aging and public health agencies serving the City and County of Los Angeles, and a university. Activities include CHC capacity assessment and training, and community capacity-building that included a small grants program. RESULTS: We engaged five CHCs in quality improvement activities and eight NGOs in networking and programming to increase awareness and receipt of CPS. We discuss barriers and facilitators including the success of trainings conducted with CHC providers and NGO re- presentatives. CONCLUSIONS: Multi-sectoral collaborations hold promise for increasing awareness and use of CPS in underserved communities.
OBJETIVO: HAPPI se propone aumentar el uso de servicios clínicos preventivos (SCP) en personas mayores de 50 años en Los Ángeles. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: HAPPI es una colaboración intersectorial e incluye organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) locales, centros de salud comunitarios (CSC), centros de servicios para personas mayores, agencias de salud pública que dan servicio a la ciudad y al condado de Los Ángeles, y una universidad pública para movilizar recursos comunitarios y promover lazos entre las asociaciones. Sus actividades incluyen asesorar y aumentar la capacitación de CSC y la comunidad, además de un programa de becas. RESULTADOS: Se colaboró con cinco CSC para la mejora de calidad y con ocho ONG para abrir conciencia de los SCP. Se presentaron barreras y facilitadores incluyendo el éxito de las enseñanzas con proveedores de CSC y representantes de las ONG. CONCLUSIONES: Las colaboraciones multi-sectoriales son prometedoras para amplificar conciencia del uso de SCP en personas mayores.
Subject(s)
Capacity Building , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Community Health Services/organization & administration , Healthy Aging , Preventive Health Services/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Black or African American , Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Community Participation , Financing, Organized , Hispanic or Latino , Humans , Inservice Training , Interinstitutional Relations , Los Angeles , Middle Aged , Patient-Centered Care/organization & administrationABSTRACT
Abstract: Objective: The Healthy Aging Partnerships in Preven tion Initiative (HAPPI) aims to increase the use of clinical preventive services (CPS) among underserved Latinos and African Americans in South Los Angeles who are 50+ years old. Materials and methods: HAPPI uses an evidence-based model, SPARC, to leverage existing resources and link community resources. HAPPI's multi-sectoral partnerships include local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community health centers (CHCs), aging and public health agencies serving the City and County of Los Angeles, and a university. Activities include CHC capacity assessment and training, and community capacity-building that included a small grants program. Results: We engaged five CHCs in quality improvement activities and eight NGOs in networking and programming to increase awareness and receipt of CPS. We discuss barriers and facilitators including the success of trainings conducted with CHC providers and NGO re presentatives. Conclusion: Multi-sectoral collaborations hold promise for increasing awareness and use of CPS in underserved communities.
Resumen: Objetivo: HAPPI se propone aumentar el uso de servicios clínicos preventivos (SCP) en personas mayores de 50 años en Los Ángeles. Material y métodos: HAPPI es una colaboración intersectorial e incluye organizaciones no gu bernamentales (ONG) locales, centros de salud comunitarios (CSC), centros de servicios para personas mayores, agencias de salud pública que dan servicio a la ciudad y al condado de Los Ángeles, y una universidad pública para movilizar recur sos comunitarios y promover lazos entre las asociaciones. Sus actividades incluyen asesorar y aumentar la capacitación de CSC y la comunidad, además de un programa de becas. Resultados: Se colaboró con cinco CSC para la mejora de calidad y con ocho ONG para abrir conciencia de los SCP. Se presentaron barreras y facilitadores incluyendo el éxito de las enseñanzas con proveedores de CSC y representantes de las ONG. Conclusión: Las colaboraciones multi-sectoriales son prometedoras para amplificar conciencia del uso de SCP en personas mayores.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Preventive Health Services/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Community Health Services/organization & administration , Capacity Building , Healthy Aging , Black or African American , Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Los Angeles , Community Participation , Financing, Organized , Inservice Training , Interinstitutional RelationsABSTRACT
Access and recruitment barriers may have contributed to the underrepresentation of Black African/Caribbean men and their partners in current psychosocial research related to prostate cancer survivors. Whilst some studies have explored recruitment barriers and facilitators from participants' perspectives, little is known from researchers' point of view. This paper aimed to address this gap in the literature. Recruitment strategies included the following: cancer support groups, researchers' networks, media advertisement, religious organisations, National Health Service hospitals and snowball sampling. Thirty-six eligible participants (men = 25, partners = 11) were recruited into the study. Recruitment barriers comprised of gate-keeping and advertisement issues and the stigma associated with prostate cancer disclosure. Facilitators which aided recruitment included collaborating with National Health Service hospitals, snowball sampling, flexible data collection, building rapport with participants to gain their trust and researcher's attributes. Findings highlight that "hard to reach" Black African/Caribbean populations may be more accessible if researchers adopt flexible but strategic and culturally sensitive recruitment approaches. Such approaches should consider perceptions of stigma associated with prostate cancer within these communities and the influence gatekeepers can have in controlling access to potential participants. Increased engagement with healthcare professionals and gatekeepers could facilitate better access to Black African/Caribbean populations so that their voices can be heard and their specific needs addressed within the healthcare agenda.