Factores maternos y fetales asociados a la inducción del trabajo de parto, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2019 / Maternal and fetal factors associated with induction of labor, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2019

Antecedentes: La inducción del parto es una práctica frecuente en obstetricia, observándose un aumento de sus cifras en las últimas décadas a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Determinar los factores maternos y fetales asociados a la inducción del parto en pacientes hospitalizadas en el departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia del hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca, 2019. Métodos: Estudio analítico realizado a 208 gestantes ingresadas en el área de Ginecología y Obstetricia. La información se procesó en el programa SPSS versión 15. Para el análisis utilizamos estadística descriptiva en base a frecuencias y porcentajes, se midió la asociación estadística con la prueba Chi 2 y Razón de Prevalencia (RP), intervalo de confianza 95%, considerando estadísticamente significativo p < 0,05. Resultados: La edad media fue 24,7 (DS± 5,93), predominó la instrucción secundaria, estado civil estable. Hubo asociación y significancia estadística de factores materno fetales a inducción como: ruptura prematura de membranas RP 2,97 (IC95%: 2,09­4,24 valor p 0,000); preeclampsia RP 2,13 (IC95%: 1,46­3,10 valor p 0,000); embarazo término tardío RP 2,91 (IC95%: 2,12­3,99 valor p 0,000); restricción del crecimiento RP 3,22 (IC95%: 2,62-3,95 valor p 0,000). No así para corioamnionitis RP 3,08 (IC95%: 2,53­3,76 valor p 0,33) y muerte fetal RP 1,55 (IC95%: 0,68­3,54 valor p 0,31). Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación y significancia estadística con factores materno fetales e inducción como: ruptura prematura de membranas, preeclampsia, embarazo término tardío, restricción del crecimiento. No para corioamnionitis y muerte fetal.

Background: Induction of labor is a frequent practice in obstetrics, with an increase in its numbers being observed in recent decades worldwide. Objective: To determine the maternal and fetal factors associated with labor induction in hospitalized patients in the Gynecology and Obstetrics department of the Vicente Corral Moscoso hospital, Cuenca, 2019. Methods: Analytical study carried out on 208 pregnant women admitted to the Gynecology and Obstetrics area who met the inclusion criteria. The information was processed in the SPSS version 15 program. For the analysis we used descriptive statistics based on frequencies and percentages, the statistical association was measured with the Chi 2 test and Prevalence Ratio (RP), 95% confidence interval, considering statistically significant p <0.05. Results: The mean age was 24.7 (SD ± 5.93), secondary education, stable marital status predominated. There was association and statistical significance of maternal-fetal factors to induction of labor such as: premature rupture of membranes RP 2.97 (95% CI: 2.09­4.24 p-value 0.000); preeclampsia RP 2.13 (95% CI: 1.46­3.10 p-value 0.000); late term pregnancy RP 2.91 (95% CI: 2.12­3.99 p-value 0.000); intrauterine growth restriction RP 3.22 (95% CI: 2.62-3.95 p-value 0.000). Not so for chorioamnionitis RP 3.08 (95% CI: 2.53­3.76 p value 0.33) and fetal death RP 1.55 (95% CI: 0.68­3.54 p value 0.31). Conclusions: There was an association and statistical significance with maternal-fetal factors associated with induction such as: premature rupture of membranes, pre-eclampsia, late-term pregnancy, intrauterine growth restriction. Not so for chorioamnionitis and fetal death.

[Mechanical method of induction of labor in high-risk pregnant women with previous cesarean section]. / Método mecânico de indução do parto em gestantes de alto risco com cesariana anterior.

PURPOSE: To describe the maternal and fetal outcomes with the use of the Foley catheter for induction of labor in high-risk pregnant women with previous caesarean section. METHODS: An interventive and descriptive study was conducted from November 2013 to June 2014. A total of 39 pregnant women at term, with a live fetus, cephalic presentation, estimated fetal weight <4,000 g, with previous cesarean section, medical indications for induction of labor, Bishop score ≤6 and amniotic fluid index >5 cm were included. A number 16F Foley catheter was introduced for a maximum of 24 hours, and was considered to be satisfactory when the patient began labor within 24 hours. RESULTS: Labor was successfully induced in 79.5% of pregnant women. Nine women achieved vaginal delivery (23.1%), with a frequency of 18% of vaginal births occurring within 24 hours. The main indications for the induction of labor were hypertensive disorders (75%). The mean interval between the placement of the Foley catheter and the beginning of labor and delivery were 8.7±7.1 and 14.7±9.8 hours, respectively. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid was observed in two patients; and an Apgar score <7 in the first minute was detected in 5 newborns (12.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The Foley catheter is an alternative for the induction of labor in women with previous caesarean section, despite the low vaginal delivery rate.

Método mecânico de indução do parto em gestantes de alto risco com cesariana anterior / Mechanical method of induction of labor in high-risk pregnant women with previous cesarean section

OBJETIVO: Descrever os desfechos materno-fetais com o uso da sonda de Foley para indução do trabalho de parto em gestantes de alto risco com cesariana anterior. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de intervenção e descritivo, no período de novembro de 2013 a junho de 2014. Foram incluídas 39 gestantes a termo, com feto vivo, apresentação cefálica, peso estimado <4.000 g, cesariana prévia, com indicação de indução do trabalho de parto, escore de Bishop ≤6 e índice de líquido amniótico >5 cm. A sonda de Foley nº 16F foi introduzida, por no máximo 24 horas, sendo considerado satisfatória quando a paciente entrou em trabalho de parto nas primeiras 24 horas. RESULTADOS: O trabalho de parto foi induzido satisfatoriamente em 79,5% das gestantes. Nove mulheres evoluíram para parto vaginal (23,1%), com uma frequência de 18% de partos vaginais ocorridos dentro de 24 horas. As principais indicações da indução do parto foram as síndromes hipertensivas (75%). As médias dos intervalos entre a colocação da sonda de Foley e o início do trabalho de parto e o parto foram de 8,7±7,1 e 14,7±9,8 horas, respectivamente. A eliminação de mecônio foi observada em 2 pacientes e o escore de Apgar <7 no primeiro minuto foi observado em 5 recém-nascidos (12,8%). CONCLUSÕES: A sonda de Foley é uma alternativa para indução do trabalho de parto em gestantes com cesariana anterior, apesar da baixa taxa de parto vaginal. .

PURPOSE: To describe the maternal and fetal outcomes with the use of the Foley catheter for induction of labor in high-risk pregnant women with previous caesarean section. METHODS: An interventive and descriptive study was conducted from November 2013 to June 2014. A total of 39 pregnant women at term, with a live fetus, cephalic presentation, estimated fetal weight <4,000 g, with previous cesarean section, medical indications for induction of labor, Bishop score ≤6 and amniotic fluid index >5 cm were included. A number 16F Foley catheter was introduced for a maximum of 24 hours, and was considered to be satisfactory when the patient began labor within 24 hours. RESULTS: Labor was successfully induced in 79.5% of pregnant women. Nine women achieved vaginal delivery (23.1%), with a frequency of 18% of vaginal births occurring within 24 hours. The main indications for the induction of labor were hypertensive disorders (75%). The mean interval between the placement of the Foley catheter and the beginning of labor and delivery were 8.7±7.1 and 14.7±9.8 hours, respectively. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid was observed in two patients; and an Apgar score <7 in the first minute was detected in 5 newborns (12.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The Foley catheter is an alternative for the induction of labor in women with previous caesarean section, despite the low vaginal delivery rate. .

[Labor induction with an unfavorable cervix by the modified Krause method]. / Inducción del parto con cervix desfavorable con el método de Krause modificado.

When delivery induction with an unfavorable cervix, is required, the traditional conduct has been to use oxitocin and more recently prostaglandins as gel. The purpose of this report is to communicate the experience of a prospective work with a group of 48 patients with amenorrhea from 16 to 42.5 weeks of gestation with an unfavorable cervix. The idea was to modify cervical features in order to facilitate delivery induction in patients with the following diagnosis: 1, Prolonged pregnancy in 32 patients. 2. Severe pre-eclampsia in seven. 3. High blood pressure in five. 4. Intrauterine growth retardation in four. All the patients were evaluated with a Bishop index of three or less. The procedure consisted of introduction of a No. 14 or 16 Foley catheter through the cervical canal, filling the balloon with 30 ml, and simultaneous application of intravenous oxitocin controlled with an infusion pump. Cervical maturation was seen in all the patients, time was from 2 to 24 hours. In all the cases Bishop's index was greater than five after the procedure. Delivery via was vaginal in 26 patients, and cesarean section in 22. There were no infectious complications, nor other type in women nor in newborns. It was concluded that despite criticism, this procedure has shown to be useful, dependable, to mature the cervix, its is available for all gyneco-obstetricians and easy to carry out.