Evaluation of enterovirus concentration, species identification, and cerebrospinal fluid parameters in patients of different ages with aseptic meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil.

Human enteroviruses (EV) are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis worldwide. Data on EV viral load in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and related epidemiological studies are scarce in Brazil. This study investigated the influence of EV viral load on CSF parameters, as well as identifying the involved species. CSF samples were collected in 2018-2019 from 140 individuals at The Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo. The EV viral load was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, while EV species were identified by 5'UTR region sequencing. Median viral load was 5.72 log10 copies/mL and did not differ by subjects' age and EV species. Pleocytosis was observed in 94.3% of cases, with the highest white blood cell (WBC) counts in younger individuals. Viral load and WBC count were correlated in children (p = 0.0172). Elevated lactate levels were observed in 60% of cases and correlated with the viral load in preteen-teenagers (p = 0.0120) and adults (p = 0.0184). Most individuals had normal total protein levels (70.7%), with higher in preteen-teenagers and adults (p < 0.0001). By sequencing, 8.2% were identified as EV species A and 91.8% as species B. Age-specific variations in CSF characteristics suggest distinct inflammatory responses in each group.

Clinical Course Associated with Aseptic Meningitis Induced by Intravenous Immunoglobulin for the Treatment of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Aseptic meningitis is a rare but potentially serious complication of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. In this case series, meningitic symptoms following intravenous immunoglobulin initiation in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome were rare (7/2,086 [0.3%]). However, they required the need for additional therapy and/or readmission.

Meningitis de origen desconocido - México 10 de diciembre de 2022

El 4 de noviembre de 2022, el Centro Nacional de Enlace (CNE) de México informó a la Organización Panamericana de la Salud / Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS) sobre la detección de un conglomerado de 11 casos de meningitis aséptica de etiología desconocida, incluyendo una defunción, todos con antecedente de haber sido sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos con administración de anestesia espinal en hospitales privados en la ciudad de Durango, estado de Durango, México.

Meningite de Origem Desconhecida - México 10 de dezembro de 2022

Em 4 de novembro de 2022, o Ponto Focal Nacional (PFN) do RSI do México informou à Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde / Organização Mundial da Saúde (OPAS/OMS) a de tecção de um grupo de 11 casos de meningite asséptica de etiologia desconhecida, incluindo um óbito, todos com história de terem sido submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos com administração de anestesia peridural em hospitais privados da cidade de Durango, Estado de Durango, México. Em relação aos casos fatais, a faixa etária mais acometida é a de 25 a 29 anos, que representa 26% dos óbitos. Apenas três dos casos corres pondem a homens, um deles menor de 18 anos. 67% dos casos apresentaram sinais e sintomas entre o dia 0 e o dia 10 após a administração da anestesia peridural, com no máximo 90 dias. Os sinais e sintomas mais comuns foram cefaleia (96%), náuseas (42%) e vômitos (34%), seguidos de rigidez de nuca (32%), distúrbios visuais (27%) e febre (27%). As autoridades de saúde do Ministério da Saúde do México, COFEPRIS e o Ministério da Saúde do Estado de Durango estão trabalhando em conjunto para investigar esse evento, além de monitorar as pessoas que foram submetidas a cirurgias e receberam anestesia peridural nos quatro hospitais privados envolvidos.

Aseptic meningitis in Fabry disease due to a novel GLA variant: an expanded phenotype?

BACKGROUND: F abry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder with accumulation of globotriosylceramide, causing neurologic involvement mainly as acroparesthesias and cerebrovascular disease. Aseptic meningitis has been reported in 11 patients with FD, but no prior study has correlated alpha-galactosidase (GLA) specific variants with meningitis. We present in this manuscript a family in which a novel GLA pathogenic variant was associated with aseptic meningitis in 2 of 5 family members. METHODS: This study began with identifying the proband, then screening family members for FD symptoms and evaluating symptomatic individuals for genetic and biochemical status. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging, and those with headache underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. RESULTS: Five patients (3 females) from a single family were included in this study. Mean age at diagnosis was 20.6 years. Two patients (40%) had aseptic meningitis; one of them also had cerebrovascular events. C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were elevated during aseptic meningitis episodes. Both patients responded to intravenous methylprednisolone with resolution of fever, headache, and vomiting. One of them recurred and needed chronic immunosuppression with azathioprine. CONCLUSION: We described aseptic meningitis in a family with a novel GLA variant. Meningitis might be a common phenomenon in FD and not a particularity of this variant. Understanding the mechanisms underlying meningitis and its association with cerebrovascular events may lead to a new paradigm of treatment for stroke in these patients. Further prospective studies with CSF collection in patients with FD and recurrent headache could help to elucidate this question.

Meningitis aséptica por varicela zóster sin rash vesicular previo en paciente VIH positivo. Presentación de caso / Varicella Zoster aseptic meningitis without previous vesicular rash in VIH positive patient. Case report

Resumen Un cuadro de meningitis aséptica, en el contexto de un paciente inmunosuprimido con diagnóstico de infección por Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH), debe llevar a pensar en múltiples diagnósticos diferenciales. Entre estos, se incluye el virus varicela zóster (VVZ) como uno de los principales agentes causales de meningitis a líquido cefalorraquídeo claro. Su reactivación da lugar a múltiples manifestaciones neurológicas potencialmente mortales en las que se consideraba al rash vesicular, o exantema pápulo/vesículo/ costroso como un signo fundamental para su diagnóstico. No obstante, las lesiones cutáneas están ausentes en más de un tercio de los pacientes con compromiso del sistema nervioso central. A continuación, se presenta el caso de un paciente con infección por VIH que presenta cefalea más fiebre, con hallazgos en líquido cefalorraquídeo de pleocitosis neutrofílica y una prueba molecular confirmatoria para virus varicela zóster, en ausencia de rash vesicular previo que guiara hacia este diagnóstico. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(1): 91-9.

Abstract The clinical presentation of aseptic meningitis in the context of an immunosuppressed patient with a diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, should lead us to consider multiple differential diagnoses. Among these, the Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) has been found as one of the main causative agents of clear cerebrospinal fluid meningitis. Its reactivation gives rise to multiple life-threatening neurological manifestations in which vesicular rash, or papule / vesicular / crusted rash was considered a fundamental sign for its diagnosis. However, skin lesions are absent in more than a third of patients with central nervous system involvement. Herein, we report a case of an HIV-infected patient with headache, fever and neutrophilic pleocytosis with FilmArray that confirms Varicella Zoster virus infection in an immunocompromised patient in the absence of vesicular rash. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(1): 91-9.

Accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid ferritin for purulent meningitis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ferritin levels in the diagnosis of purulent meningitis (PM). METHOD: We studied 81 children between 28 days and 12 years of age who presented with clinical suspicion of meningitis to the emergency department. CSF ferritin levels were measured and compared between diagnostic groups (PM, aseptic meningitis (AM) and no meningitis). RESULTS: The median age was 24 (IQR 8-69) months. There were 32 patients with AM (39%), 23 with PM (28%) and 26 with no meningitis (32%). Median CSF ferritin was 4.2 ng/mL (IQR 3.0-6.5), 52.9 ng/mL (IQR 30.7-103 ng/mL) and 2.4 ng/mL (IQR 2-4), respectively. CSF ferritin was higher in children with PM compared with AM (p<0.001) or no meningitis (p<0.001). There was no difference between AM and no meningitis. CONCLUSION: CSF ferritin may be a useful biomarker to discriminate PM in children with clinical symptoms of this disease.

Meningitis aséptica secundaria a la administración de inmunoglobulina / Aseptic meningitis following immunoglobulin therapy

Introducción: la meningitis aséptica es una entidad infrecuente y multifactorial, siendo raros los efectos secundarios a la administración de inmunoglobulina. Objetivo: reportar el caso de una paciente hospitalizada en el servicio de pediatría en un hospital de Bogotá. Discusión: las principales causas de la entidad son virales. Aunque el uso de inmunoglobulina en pediatría es seguro, uno de sus efectos adversos menos comunes es la meningitis aséptica. Están descritas las posibles teorías fisiopatológicas que podrían explicar su desenlace. Conclusión: la meningitis aséptica puede corresponder a un efecto secundario al uso de inmunoglobulina en pediatría.

Introduction: aseptic meningitis is a rare and multifactorial entity and side effects of immunoglobulin therapy are rare. Objective: to report the case of a female patient hospitalized in the pediatrics service in a hospital in Bogotá. Discussion: the most common cause of aseptic meningitis is viral infection. Although the use of immunoglobulin therapy in pediatric patients is safe, one of its less common adverse effects is aseptic meningitis. The pathophysiological theories that could explain its outcome have been described. Conclusion: aseptic meningitis may be a side effect to the use of immunoglobulin in pediatric practice.

Meningitis aséptica por virus parotídeo asociada a la vacuna

Resumen Comunicamos el caso de un lactante mayor previamente sano, que luego de tres semanas de recibir la vacuna SPR (sarampión, parotiditis, rubeola) presentó fiebre, aumento de volumen parotídeo y compromiso de conciencia. Se diagnosticó una meningitis aséptica, con pleocitosis en el LCR de predominio mononuclear, detectándose virus parotídeo en LCR por biología molecular. En el Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile se realizó serología (IgM e IgG) que resultó positiva. La muestra de saliva confirmó la etiología por virus parotídeo con genotipo N. La evolución fue favorable, sin secuelas al seguimiento a seis meses. Ante esta situación clínica, se revisó la información respecto a la asociación y causalidad de esta entidad clínica y vacuna SPR, focalizado en diferentes cepas del virus parotiditis.

Abstract We report the case of an older infant with no prior morbidity that approximately 3 weeks after receiving MMR vaccination (measles, mumps, rubella) was hospitalized for feverish symptoms, increased parotid volume and compromised consciousness. Aseptic meningitis was diagnosed, detecting pleocytosis in the CSF, predominantly mononuclear, and confirming by molecular biology, presence of parotid virus in CSF. A study was carried out by the Institute of Public Health of Chile, where serology (IgM and IgG) was positive. Saliva sample confirmed the etiology of parotid virus with genotype N. The evolution was favorable and at 6-month follow-up, there were no sequelae. Given this clinical situation, information regarding the association and causality of this clinical entity and the MMR vaccine, focused on different strains of the mumps virus, was reviewed.

La brucelosis en el diagnóstico diferencial de las meningitis asépticas: a propósito de un caso / Aseptic meningitis caused by brucellosis. Report of one case

Aseptic meningitis represents a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. Cytological and chemical parameters are key in the differential diagnosis. Hypoglycorrhachia is a strong predictor of a bacterial origin for aseptic meningitis. We report a 44-year-old male with a history of recurrent febrile headaches admitted with fever and delirium. The initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed low glucose levels. Magnetic resonance imaging did not show abnormalities. The patient was discharged but was admitted again three weeks later with fever, headache and a stiff neck. The CSF was inflammatory with low glucose levels. Serology for brucellosis was positive. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone and rifampicin with a good clinical response.

Síndrome de Hiper IgD: espectros clínicos, achados genéticos e condutas terapêuticas / Hyper-IgD syndrome: clinical spectrum, genetic findings, and therapeutic approaches

A deficiência de mevalonato quinase (MVK; MIM #142680; ORPHA #343) é uma doença genética, espectral, rara, associadas a mutações ao longo do gene MVK causando distúrbios na síntese do colesterol, que culminam em: inflamação sistêmica com febre, adenopatia, sintomas abdominais e outros achados clínicos. Enquanto no polo leve da doença os achados mais comuns são febres recorrentes com linfadenopatia, no polo mais grave adiciona-se o acometimento do sistema nervoso central (meningites assépticas, vasculites e atraso do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor) e do sistema hematopoiético (síndrome de ativação macrofágica). Apesar de inúmeras terapêuticas, os bloqueadores da interleucina-1 ainda são os únicos medicamentos capazes de controlar a doença e de impedir a evolução para amiloidose. Os estudos atuais visam tentar novos tratamentos, como o transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas, ou mesmo a terapia gênica.

Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MVK; MIM #142680; ORPHA #343) is a rare spectral genetic disorder linked to mutations along the MVK gene leading to impaired cholesterol synthesis, clinically observed as systemic inflammation with fever, adenopathy, abdominal manifestations, and other clinical findings. While on mild forms recurrent fever with lymphadenopathy is commonly observed, severe forms add to that neurological (aseptic meningitis, vasculitis, and neuropsychomotor developmental delay) and hematopoietic involvement (macrophage activation syndrome). Despite of several therapeutic approaches, blocking interleukin-1 is the only effective method to control the disease and prevent the development of systemic amyloidosis. Ongoing studies aim to test new treatments, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy.

Anicteric Leptospirosis-Associated Meningitis in a Tropical Urban Environment, Brazil.

While studying aseptic meningitis in Salvador, Brazil, we diagnosed anicteric leptospirosis in 1.7% (5/295) of patients hospitalized for aseptic meningitis. Leptospirosis-associated meningitis patients had lower mean cerebrospinal fluid cell counts and protein than other-cause aseptic meningitis (p<0.05). Clinicians must consider leptospirosis-associated meningitis in appropriate clinical-epidemiologic contexts.

Endocarditis infecciosa de la válvula tricúspide asociada con meningitis aséptica: presentación infrecuente en una niña / Tricuspid valve infective endocarditis associated with aseptic meningitis: a rare presentation in a child

La endocarditis infecciosa es infrecuente pero potencialmente mortal. Las presentaciones atípicas retrasan el diagnóstico. El compromiso neurológico es habitual en la endocarditis de la válvula mitral, aunque infrecuente en la endocarditis de la válvula tricúspide. Si bien se han informado algunos casos e el del lado derecho con síntomas neurológicos en adultos, en la bibliografía no se ha descripto en niños. Se presenta una niña de 9 años con comunicación interventricular (CIV) congénita con fiebre, cefalea y rigidez de nuca. Sus síntomas clínicos y los hallazgos en el líquido cefalorraquídeo respaldaron el diagnóstico de meningitis aséptica. El día 3 del tratamiento con ceftriaxona, se resolvieron los síntomas; tras nueve días, reingresó con fiebre y rigidez de nuca. Un ecocardiograma mostró endocarditis de la válvula tricúspide. Recibió tratamiento antibiótico durante 6 semanas. Se realizó una cirugía cardíaca para la CIV y la insuficiencia de la válvula tricúspide.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but a potentially life-threatening infectious disease. Atypical presentations cause delays in the diagnosis. Neurological involvement such as meningitis or meningismus, are especially common in mitral valve endocarditis, but unusual in tricuspid valve endocarditis. Although few cases of right-sided IE have been reported with neurological symptoms in adults, children have not been described in literature. A nine-year-old girl with congenital ventricular septal defect (VSD) was admitted with fever, headache and neck stiffness. Her clinical symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid findings supported the aseptic meningitis. On ceftriaxone therapy day 3, her complaints were resolved; nine days later she was admitted with fever and neck stiffness again. Further investigation for fever source with echocardiogram revealed a tricuspid valve endocarditis. Antibiotic therapy was completed after 6 weeks. Cardiac surgery was performed for VSD and tricuspid valvular insufficiency.

Tricuspid valve infective endocarditis associated with aseptic meningitis: a rare presentation in a child. / Endocarditis infecciosa de la válvula tricúspide asociada con meningitis aséptica: presentación infrecuente en una niña.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but a potentially life-threatening infectious disease. Atypical presentations cause delays in the diagnosis. Neurological involvement such as meningitis or meningismus, are especially common in mitral valve endocarditis, but unusual in tricuspid valve endocarditis. Although few cases of right-sided IE have been reported with neurological symptoms in adults, children have not been described in literature. A nine-year-old girl with congenital ventricular septal defect (VSD) was admitted with fever, headache and neck stiffness. Her clinical symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid findings supported the aseptic meningitis. On ceftriaxone therapy day 3, her complaints were resolved; nine days later she was admitted with fever and neck stiffness again. Further investigation for fever source with echocardiogram revealed a tricuspid valve endocarditis. Antibiotic therapy was completed after 6 weeks. Cardiac surgery was performed for VSD and tricuspid valvular insufficiency.

La endocarditis infecciosa es infrecuente pero potencialmente mortal. Las presentaciones atípicas retrasan el diagnóstico. El compromiso neurológico es habitual en la endocarditis de la válvula mitral, aunque infrecuente en la endocarditis de la válvula tricúspide. Si bien se han informado algunos casos e el del lado derecho con síntomas neurológicos en adultos, en la bibliografía no se ha descripto en niños. Se presenta una niña de 9 años con comunicación interventricular (CIV) congénita con fiebre, cefalea y rigidez de nuca. Sus síntomas clínicos y los hallazgos en el líquido cefalorraquídeo respaldaron el diagnóstico de meningitis aséptica. El día 3 del tratamiento con ceftriaxona, se resolvieron los síntomas; tras nueve días, reingresó con fiebre y rigidez de nuca. Un ecocardiograma mostró endocarditis de la válvula tricúspide. Recibió tratamiento antibiótico durante 6 semanas. Se realizó una cirugía cardíaca para la CIV y la insuficiencia de la válvula tricúspide.

[Aseptic meningitis caused by brucellosis. Report of one case]. / La brucelosis en el diagnóstico diferencial de las meningitis asépticas: a propósito de un caso.

Aseptic meningitis represents a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. Cytological and chemical parameters are key in the differential diagnosis. Hypoglycorrhachia is a strong predictor of a bacterial origin for aseptic meningitis. We report a 44-year-old male with a history of recurrent febrile headaches admitted with fever and delirium. The initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed low glucose levels. Magnetic resonance imaging did not show abnormalities. The patient was discharged but was admitted again three weeks later with fever, headache and a stiff neck. The CSF was inflammatory with low glucose levels. Serology for brucellosis was positive. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone and rifampicin with a good clinical response.

[Aseptic meningitis due to mumps vaccine. Case report and review of the literature]. / Meningitis aséptica por virus parotídeo asociada a la vacuna.

We report the case of an older infant with no prior morbidity that approximately 3 weeks after receiving MMR vaccination (measles, mumps, rubella) was hospitalized for feverish symptoms, increased parotid volume and compromised consciousness. Aseptic meningitis was diagnosed, detecting pleocytosis in the CSF, predominantly mononuclear, and confirming by molecular biology, presence of parotid virus in CSF. A study was carried out by the Institute of Public Health of Chile, where serology (IgM and IgG) was positive. Saliva sample confirmed the etiology of parotid virus with genotype N. The evolution was favorable and at 6-month follow-up, there were no sequelae. Given this clinical situation, information regarding the association and causality of this clinical entity and the MMR vaccine, focused on different strains of the mumps virus, was reviewed.

Enfermedad de Kawasaki con manifestaciones asociadas graves y síndrome de activación macrofágica en un paciente pediátrico / Kawasaki disease with severe manifestations and macrophage activation syndrome in a pediatric patient

La enfermedad de Kawasaki es una vasculitis febril, aguda y multisistémica, que afecta, principalmente, a niños menores de 5 años. Se describen las características clínicas, la evolución y las consideraciones terapéuticas en un paciente con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Kawasaki completo con manifestaciones multisistémicas graves, dentro de las cuales se resalta el síndrome de activación de macrófagos, que representa una complicación inusual y potencialmente mortal de la enfermedad

Kawasaki disease is a febrile, acute and multisystemic vasculitis that mainly affects children under 5 years of age. We describe the clinical characteristics, evolution and therapeutic considerations in a patient with a diagnosis of complete Kawasaki disease with severe multisystem manifestations, among which stands out the macrophage activation syndrome, which represents an unusual and potentially life-threatening complication of the illness

Enfermedad de neuro-Behçet con paquimeningitis en una niña / Neuro-Behçet disease presented with pachymeningitis in a child

La enfermedad de Behçet (EB) es un trastorno de vasculitis sistémica poco frecuente, de etiología desconocida, que se caracteriza por la presencia de aftas bucales, úlceras genitales y uveítis recurrentes. Afecta los sistemas nerviosos central y periférico; raramente se produce durante la niñez. La meningitis aséptica aguda aislada es muy poco frecuente. En este artículo, se describe el caso de una paciente de 14 años con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Behçet con afectación neurológica (neuro-Behçet). La paciente tenía cefalea aguda, diplopia, papiledema e irritación meníngea. Tenía antecedentes de úlceras bucales recurrentes. Las imágenes por resonancia magnética de cerebro revelaron paquimeningitis. Los hallazgos en el líquido cefalorraquídeo fueron pleocitosis y aumento de la presión. Pese al tratamiento médico, sus síntomas no se resolvieron. No se detectó uveítis y la prueba de patergia fue negativa. El alelo HLA-B51 fue positivo. Se consideró que los hallazgos apuntaban a la poco frecuente enfermedad de Behçet con afectación neurológica. La paciente mejoró drásticamente luego del tratamiento con corticoesteroides. En el diagnóstico diferencial de meningitis, se debe considerar la EB, a menos que se demuestre la presencia de un agente infeccioso. Hasta donde sabemos, anteriormente no se había descrito un caso de paquimeningitis con neuro-Behçet en la población pediátrica.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare systemic vasculitis disorder of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent oral and genital apthae and uveitis. It involves the central or peripheral nervous system; occurs rarely during childhood. Isolated acute aseptic meningitis is extremely uncommon. We report here a case of Neuro-Behçet disease (NBD) diagnosed in a 14-year-old girl. The patient presented acute headache, diplopia, papilla edema, and meningeal irritation. She had a history of recurrent oral ulcers. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed pachymeningitis. Pleocytosis and pressure increase were the cerebrospinal fluid findings. Although medical therapy, her complaints were not resolved. Uveitis was not detected, pathergy test was negative. HLA-B51 allele was positive. The findings were considered to unusual NBD. The patient improved dramatically after steroid therapy. BD should be considered in differential diagnosis of meningitis unless an infectious agent is demonstrated. To our knowledge, a case of pachymeningitis with NBD, was not described in children.

Meningite recorrente de Mollaret: uma revisão / Mollaret's recurrent meningitis: an overview

A meningite recorrente linfocítica benigna ou meningite de Mollaret, inicialmente descrita pelo neurologista francês Pierre Mollaret em 1944, é uma condição relativamente rara, benigna mas incapacitante durante os seus períodos de agudização. Trata-se de quadro inflamatório meníngeo recorrente devido a reativação de infecção pelo herpes simples vírus, particularmente o herpesvirus do tipo 2 (HSV-2). Pode ser reconhecida a partir do seu quadro clínico de meningismo agudo, perfil liquórico linfocítico e identificação do genoma viral por PCR no líquor. Aciclovir e seus derivados podem ser utilizado no seu tratamento ou na sua profilaxia. Sua identificação é importante no sentido de se excluir outras causas de quadros meníngeos recorrentes.

Benign recurrent lymphocytic meningitis or Mollaret's meningitis (MM) was frst described by the French neurologist Pierre Mollaret in 1944. MM is a relatively rare, benign but disabling condition. MM is a recurrent meningeal inflammatory illness due to reactivation of herpes simplex virus infection, particularly herpesvirus type 2 (HSV-2). It can be recognized from its clinical picture of acute meningism, lymphocytic CSF profle and by the identifcation of the viral genome in the CSF by PCR. Acyclovir and its derivatives may be used for its treatment or prophylaxis. The identifcation of MM is important in order to exclude other causes of recurrent meningeal conditions.

Ibuprofen-induced aseptic meningitis: a case report / Meningite asséptica induzida por ibuprofeno: um caso clínico

ABSTRACT Objective: To report a case of a male adolescent with the diagnosis of ibuprofen-induced meningitis. We discuss themain causes of drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) and highlight the importance of early recognition of DIAM, sothat the offending drug can be withdrawn, and recurrences prevented. Only few DIAM cases have been reported in pediatric age. Case description: A healthy 15-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with headache, nausea, dizziness, fever, conjunctival hyperemia and blurred vision 30 minutes after ibuprofen-intake. During his stay, he developed emesis and neck stiffness. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis excluded infectious causes, and DIAM was considered. He totally recovered after drug withdrawal. Comments: DIAM is a rare entity, that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an aseptic meningitis. The major causative agents are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly ibuprofen. Suspicion is made by the chronologic link between drug intake and the beginning of symptoms, but infectious causes should always be ruled out.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descreve-se o caso de um adolescente do sexo masculino com diagnóstico de meningite asséptica por ibuprofeno. Discutem-se as causas de meningite asséptica induzida por medicamentos (MAIM) e a importância do reconhecimento precoce dessa situação, para que a medicação envolvida seja suspensa e as recorrências prevenidas. Poucos casos foram descritos em idade pediátrica. Descrição do caso: Adolescente de 15 anos, gênero masculino, saudável, procurou o serviço de urgência por cefaleia, náuseas, tonturas, febre, hiperemia conjuntival e visão desfocada 30 minutos após o uso de ibuprofeno. Durante a internação, iniciou vômitos e rigidez na nuca. A análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano excluiu causas infeciosas, e considerou-se como diagnóstico mais provável a MAIM. A recuperação foi total após a suspensão do medicamento. Comentários: A MAIM é rara, mas deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de meningite asséptica. A principal causa são os anti-inflamatórios não esteroides, principalmente o ibuprofeno. A suspeita clínica é evocada pela relação temporal entre o uso do medicamento e o início dos sintomas, mas as causas infeciosas devem ser sempre excluídas.