Canine cerebellar protoplasmic astrocytoma: clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features

Protoplasmic astrocytomas are uncommon in humans and animals. A 14-year-old, intact female German Shepherd dog presented with a history of ataxia of the pelvic limbs, left-side head torsion and hypermetric response of the right side for approximately 15 days. Neurological examination revealed the presence of cerebellar syndrome and paradoxical vestibular syndrome. Medical therapy was initiated, but neurological signs were progressive, and the owner opted for euthanasia. Gross examination showed no cerebellar lesion. Microscopic features were characterized by prominent background microcystic degeneration and the presence of spindle cells with scant cytoplasm and delicate glial fibers. The immunohistochemical assay showed positive staining for GFAP (glial fibrillar acidic protein), vimentin and S100, and negative staining for factor VIII. A definitive diagnosis of protoplasmic astrocytoma was made on the basis of the histological and immunohistochemical findings.(AU)

Canine cerebellar protoplasmic astrocytoma: clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features

Protoplasmic astrocytomas are uncommon in humans and animals. A 14-year-old, intact female German Shepherd dog presented with a history of ataxia of the pelvic limbs, left-side head torsion and hypermetric response of the right side for approximately 15 days. Neurological examination revealed the presence of cerebellar syndrome and paradoxical vestibular syndrome. Medical therapy was initiated, but neurological signs were progressive, and the owner opted for euthanasia. Gross examination showed no cerebellar lesion. Microscopic features were characterized by prominent background microcystic degeneration and the presence of spindle cells with scant cytoplasm and delicate glial fibers. The immunohistochemical assay showed positive staining for GFAP (glial fibrillar acidic protein), vimentin and S100, and negative staining for factor VIII. A definitive diagnosis of protoplasmic astrocytoma was made on the basis of the histological and immunohistochemical findings.

Dissinergia cerebelar mioclônica de Ramsay-Hunt. Estudo clínico, eletroencefalográfico e por tomografia axial computadorizada - Diagnóstico diferencial / Ramsay-Hunt cerebellar myoclonic dyssynergia

Os autores descrevem um caso de dissinergia cerebelar mioclônica de Ramsay-Hunt, associada a epilepsia em uma menina de 14 anos. O diagnóstico foi baseado em um quadro cerebelar associado a mioclonias, epilepsia grande mal e história familiar. O ECG mostrou uma atividade de fundo normal, associado a ondas agudas, polipontas e polipontas ondas, que näo sofrem alteraçäo pela alcalose cerebral, mas que é ativado pela fotoestimulaçäo intermitente. Os autores concluem que o diagnóstico pode ser dado pelo quadro clínico, traçado eletroencefalográfico característico, e a inclui entre as epilepsias mioclônicas progressivas e degenertivas

Herpes-zoster ótico: apresentaçäo de dois casos / Herpes zoster oticus: report of 2 cases

O quadro de Herpes-zoster ótico apresenta, obrigatoriamente, o envolvimento do VII par craniano. O acometimento do VII par, assim como o de outros pares, têm incidência variável segundo a maioria dos autores. O tratamento clínico é, a priori, o indicado, sendo a evoluçäo satisfatória na maioria dos casos, principalmente em pacientes jovens

Discinergia cerebelar mioclônica com epilepsia: síndrome de Ramsay-Hunt / Myoclonic cerebellar dysynergia with epilepsy: Ramsay-Hunt syndrome

Descrevem-se dois casos de Discinergia cerebelar mioclônica com Epilepsia (Síndrome de Ramsay-Hunt), fazendo-se uma análise de sua sintomatologia clínica e eletroencefalográfica