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1.
Distúrbios Comun. (Online) ; 36(1): e64849, 17/06/2024.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1563104

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O diagnóstico precoce quanto às perdas auditivas é essencial para minimização do impacto social em relação à rotina laboral e na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Caracterizar a associação entre a perda auditiva em trabalhadores com doenças metabólicas. Método: Estudo transversal retrospectivo de dados secundários de prontuário com o tratamento das doenças metabólicas, os dados foram coletados em duas clínicas de saúde ocupacional (C1 e C2) em Florianópolis - Santa Catarina (Brasil), no período de janeiro de 2020 a dezembro de 2022, considerando exames referenciais a partir do ano de 2005. Os dados foram organizados em planilhas do programa Microsoft Excel® e, posteriormente, exportados e analisados no software MedCalc® Statistical Software versão 22.006. Resultados: Foram analisados dados de 97 pacientes (71 homens e 26 mulheres), expostos ao ruído ocupacional (p = 0,0047), com diagnóstico de ao menos uma doença metabólica (41,20%) e prevalência de medicamentos da classe ATC H (p = 0,0465) e Losartana® (OR = 1,6976). Conclusão: O ruído ocupacional é o principal fator de risco auditivo nas empresas analisadas, e a presença de doença metabólica poderá influenciar em alterações dos limiares auditivos. Para reduzir a vulnerabilidade dessa população, é necessário a promoção, educação e conscientização dos trabalhadores nos aspectos de saúde. (AU)


Introduction: Early diagnosis of hearing loss is essential to minimize the social impact in relation to work routine and quality of life. Objective: Analyze the association between hearing loss in workers and metabolic diseases. Method: Retrospective cross-sectional study of secondary data on the use of medications in metabolic diseases, the data were collected in two occupational health clinics (C1 and C2) in Florianópolis - Santa Catarina (Brazil), from January 2020 to December 2022, considering references from exams from the year 2005. The data were organized in Microsoft Excel® spreadsheets and subsequently exported and analyzed using the MedCalc® statistical software version 22.006. Results: The data of 97 patients (71 men and 26 women) exposed to occupational noise (p = 0.0047), diagnosed with at least one metabolic disease (41.20%) and prevalence of ATC H class medications (p = 0.0465) and Losartan® (OR = 1.6976). Discussion andConclusion: Occupational noise is the main auditory risk factor, and the presence of metabolic disease can influence hearing thresholds. To reduce the vulnerability of this population, it is necessary to promote, raise awareness and educate, using approaches related to health aspects at work. (AU)


Introducción: El diagnóstico precoz de la pérdida auditiva es fundamental para minimizar el impacto social en la rutina laboral y la calidad de vida. Propósito: Analizar la asociación entre pérdida auditiva en trabajadores y enfermedades metabólicas. Metodología: Estudio transversal retrospectivo de datos secundarios sobre el uso de medicamentos en enfermedades metabólicas; Los datos fueron recolectados en dos clínicas de salud ocupacional (C1 y C2) en en Florianópolis - Santa Catarina (Brasil), de enero de 2020 a diciembre de 2022, considerando referencias de exámenes del año 2005. Los datos fueron organizados en hojas de cálculo Microsoft Excel®. y posteriormente exportados y analizados. utilizando el software estadístico MedCalc® versión 22.006. Resultados: Se analizaron los datos de 97 pacientes (71 hombres y 26 mujeres) expuestos a ruido ocupacional (p = 0,0047), diagnosticados con al menos una enfermedad metabólica (41,20%) y prevalencia de medicamentos clase ATC H (p = 0,0465). y Losartan® (OR = 1,6976). Discusión y Conclusión: El ruido ocupacional es el principal factor de riesgo auditivo y la presencia de enfermedad metabólica puede influir en los umbrales auditivos. Para reducir la vulnerabilidad de esta población es necesario promover, sensibilizar y educar utilizando enfoques relacionados con aspectos de salud en el trabajo. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/etiology , Quality of Life , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control
2.
Distúrbios Comun. (Online) ; 35(4): e63172, 31/12/2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552835

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A Perda Auditiva Induzida por Ruído (PAIR) está associada à contínua exposição ao ruído dentro do ambiente ocupacional, é a segunda doença mais recorrente entre os trabalhadores. Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade e benefício do uso da dupla proteção auditiva na atenuação do ruído ocupacional. Método: A busca de artigos científicos foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO, SCOPUS e WEB OF SCIENCE, sem restrição de idioma, período e localização. Para complementar e evitar viés de risco foi realizada uma busca por literatura cinzenta no Google Acadêmico. A revisão sistemática foi conduzida de acordo com as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Análises (PRISMA). Estudos que pontuaram ≥ 6 pontos de acordo com o protocolo de pontuação qualitativa proposto por Pithon et al. (2015). Resultados: A dupla proteção auditiva deverá ser utilizada quando o protetor auditivo tipo concha ou plug não fornecerem atenuação suficiente para diminuir o ruído no ambiente laboral, contudo, a atenuação sonora pelos EPI auditivos pode ser um obstáculo à comunicação e localização espacial, principalmente aos trabalhadores que possuem algum grau de PAIR. Conclusão: o uso da dupla proteção auditiva pode ser uma estratégia considerável para proteção de perdas auditivas em ambientes controlados. Novos padrões sonoros para alarmes de alerta, prevendo o aviso de acidentes em ambiente ocupacional em que o uso combinado dos dispositivos auditivos utilizados em ambientes controlados e a implantação dos sinais de banda larga como sinal padrão poderão ser utilizados como estratégias de segurança coletiva. (AU)


Introduction: Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is associated with continuous exposure to noise within the occupational environment and is the second most common disease among workers. Objective: To verify the effectiveness and benefit of using double hearing protection in attenuating occupational noise. Search Strategy: The search for scientific articles was carried out in the MEDLINE (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE databases, without restriction of language, period and location. To complement and avoid risk bias, a search for gray literature was performed on Google Scholar. Methodology: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Studies that scored ≥ 6 points according to the qualitative scoring protocol proposed by Pithon et al. (2015). Results: Double hearing protection should be used when the use of a shell or plug type hearing protector does not provide enough attenuation to reduce noise in the work environment, but this sound attenuation by hearing PPE can be an obstacle to communication and spatial location, especially to workers who have some degree of PAIR. Conclusion: the use of double hearing protection can be a considerable strategy for protecting against hearing loss in controlled environments. New sound patterns for warning alarms, providing for the warning of accidents in an occupational environment where the combined use of hearing devices used in controlled environments and the implementation of broadband signals as a standard signal can be used as collective safety strategies. (AU)


Introdución: La pérdida de audición inducida por el ruido es associada com la exposición continua el lo ambiente de trabajo y es la segunda enfermedad más comum em los trabajadores. Objectivo: Verificar la eficácia y beneficio del doble uso de los protectores auditivos em la atenuación del ruído. Método: La revisión sistemática se realizó de acuerdo con las recomendaciones para revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis (PRISMA). Los estudios que obtuvieron ≥ 6 puntos según el protocolo de puntuación cualitativa propuesto por Pithon et al. (2015). Resultados: La protección auditiva doble és utilizada cuando el uso de un protector auditivo tipo concha o enchufe no proporciona la atenuación suficiente para reducir el ruido en el ambiente de trabajo, pero esta atenuación del sonido por los EPP auditivos puede ser un obstáculo para la comunicación y la ubicación espacial, especialmente para los trabajadores con perdida de audición. Conclusión: el uso de doble protección auditiva es una estrategia considerable en ambientes controlados y seguros. Nuevos padrones sonoros para alarmas de aviso de accidentes en un entorno laboral y la implementación de señales de banda ancha como señal estándar, pueden utilizarse como estrategias de seguridad colectiva.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Ear Protective Devices , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Risks , Occupational Health , Hearing Loss
3.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(1): e7620, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155324

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the implementation of hearing conservation programs in two large companies. Methods: an evaluative research that analyzed a type 1b implementation. The study was conducted in three stages, namely: establishing the company's degree of implementation, analyzing the companies' policies and structures, and lastly, analyzing the influence of the companies' policies and structures on their degree of implementation. The following analyses were conducted to collect data: interviews, document analysis, and observation. Results: the hearing conservation program in Company A was classified as implemented (91.1%), while in Company B, it was partially implemented (62.7%). The context in Company A was favorable to implementing the program, whereas in Company B, the context was considered unfavorable, due to disadvantageous categories. Also, the characteristics of the implementation context influenced the placement of the program either positively or negatively. Conclusion: there were satisfactory results regarding the implementation of the hearing conservation program in both companies assessed.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a implantação do programa de conservação auditiva em duas empresas de grande porte. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa avaliativa de análise de implantação do tipo 1b. O estudo foi conduzido em três etapas, sendo: determinação do grau de implantação do Programa de Conservação Auditiva das empresas avaliadas; análise dos contextos políticos e estruturais das empresas avaliadas; e, por fim, uma análise da influência dos contextos políticos e estruturais no grau de implantação nas empresas avaliadas. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises para coleta dos dados: entrevistas, análise documental e observacional. Resultados: o Programa de Conservação Auditiva na 'empresa A' foi classificado como 'implantado' (91,1%) e na 'empresa B' como 'parcialmente implantado' (62,7%). O contexto de implantação da 'empresa A' se apresentou favorável à implantação do programa. Já na 'empresa B' o contexto foi considerado desfavorável, tendo categorias não favoráveis. Foi possível relacionar, também, que as características do contexto de implantação influenciaram positiva ou negativamente na implantação do programa. Conclusão: houve resultados satisfatórios quanto à implantação do Programa de Conservação Auditiva em ambas as empresas avaliadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Program Evaluation/statistics & numerical data , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Private Sector , Noise Monitoring , Models, Theoretical
4.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(3): e3220, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155336

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to validate indicators and parameters to construct an assessment instrument for the Hearing Conservation Program. Methods: methodological research to validate the content and layout of indicators to assess the Hearing Conservation Program, using the Delphi method, as well as the semantic validation of an assessment instrument for the program, in compliance with the procedures used by the European group DISABKIDS. A total of 20 speech-language-hearing therapists participated in the study, answering validation questionnaires. The answers were tabulated and analyzed considering descriptive statistical data, establishing the item content validity index, the scale content validity index, the percentage of absolute agreement, and the content analysis. Results: of the 64 items submitted for validation, two were not considered appropriate. The set of items was considered representative. The validated indicators and parameters provided the means to construct an assessment instrument of the degree of implementation of the Hearing Conservation Program, which proved to be semantically valid. Conclusion: the indicators were validated to meet and represent the functions of quality, control, and follow-up of the Hearing Conservation Program, aiding administrators to carry out their responsibilities and making it possible to construct evaluative instruments.


RESUMO Objetivo: validar indicadores e parâmetros para a construção de um instrumento de avaliação do Programa de Conservação Auditiva. Métodos: pesquisa metodológica de validação de conteúdo e aparência de indicadores para avaliação do Programa de Conservação Auditiva mediante aplicação do método Delphi, bem como a validação semântica de um instrumento de avaliação do programa seguindo os procedimentos adotados pelo grupo europeu DISABKIDS. Participaram do estudo 20 fonoaudiólogos, os quais responderam a questionários de validação. As respostas foram tabuladas e analisadas considerando dados estatísticos descritivos, pelo estabelecimento dos índices de validade de conteúdo por Item (I- IVC), de validade de conteúdo por nível de escala (S-IVC), de nível percentual de concordância absoluta e Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: dos 64 itens submetidos à validação, dois não foram considerados pertinentes. O conjunto de itens foi considerado representativo. Os indicadores e parâmetros validados subsidiaram a construção de um instrumento para avaliação do grau de implantação do Programa de Conservação Auditiva, o qual se apresentou válido semanticamente. Conclusão: os indicadores foram validados de modo a atender e representar as funções de qualidade, controle e acompanhamento do Programa de Conservação Auditiva, auxiliando os gestores no exercer de suas funções e subsidiando a construção de instrumentos avaliativos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Program Evaluation , Surveys and Questionnaires , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Delphi Technique
5.
Codas ; 32(2): e20190127, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32267337

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Assess the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions at work on noise exposure or occupational hearing loss compared to no or alternative interventions. RESEARCH STRATEGIES: Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, OSHupdate, Cochrane Central and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT), Controlled Before-After studies (CBA) and Interrupted Time-Series studies (ITS) evaluating engineering controls, administrative controls, personal hearing protection devices, and hearing surveillance were included. Case studies of engineering controls were collected. DATA ANALYSIS: Cochrane methods for systematic reviews, including meta-analysis, were followed. RESULTS: 29 studies were included. Stricter legislation can reduce noise levels by 4.5 dB(A) (very low-quality evidence). Engineering controls can immediately reduce noise (107 cases). Eleven RCTs and CBA studies (3725 participants) were evaluated through Hearing Protection Devices (HPDs). Training of earplug insertion reduces noise exposure at short term follow-up (moderate quality evidence). Earmuffs might perform better than earplugs in high noise levels but worse in low noise levels (very low-quality evidence). HPDs might reduce hearing loss at very long-term follow-up (very low-quality evidence). Seventeen studies (84028 participants) evaluated hearing loss prevention programs. Better use of HPDs might reduce hearing loss but other components not (very low-quality evidence). CONCLUSION: Hearing loss prevention and interventions modestly reduce noise exposure and hearing loss. Better quality studies and better implementation of noise control measures and HPDs is needed.


Subject(s)
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Ear Protective Devices , Humans , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Noise, Occupational/legislation & jurisprudence
6.
Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud ; 2(1): 1-14, 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1381431

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la exposición a ruidos forma parte de nuestros hábitos cotidianos, culturales y de ocio. En el entorno de trabajo aparecen diferentes sonidos que puedenser perjudiciales para los oídos. El presente escrito trata de identificar la influencia que existe entre clase social e hipoacusia laboral en trabajadores de la ciudad de Cú-cuta, en edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 70 años. Métodos: observacional, analítico y transversal; la población estudiada incluyó tra-bajadores del sector público y privado del municipio de Cúcuta, a quienes se les reali-zó un examen audiométrico ocupacional por parte del programa de Fonoaudiología. Resultados: se encontró que la mayoría de los trabajadores, un 54.05%, pertenece a una clase social baja; el 65% se expone a ruido en el trabajo, el 60% no utiliza ele-mentos de protección personal y el 30% presenta hipoacusia.Análisis y discusión: hay una asociación significativa entre la actividad laboral y la actividad extra laboral del grupo etario. Predomina el sexo masculino con una representación del 63%. Esto puede explicarse dado el contexto cultural en el que se realizó el estudio.Conclusiones: en Colombia, existe escasa información sobre la relación entre clase social e hipoacusia laboral. Se debe realizar un análisis de segregación socio-espacial tanto de los hogares como de la enfermedad, para así determinar qué enfermedades se asocian con la actividad laboral


Introduction: exposure to noise is part of our daily, cultural and leisure habits. In the work environment different sounds can be harmful to the ears. The present text tries to identify the influence that exists between social class and work-related hearing loss in the city of Cúcuta, aged between 17 and 70 years Methods: It is observational, analytical and cross-sectional. The studied population consisted of individuals working in the public and private sector of the municipality of Cúcuta. They underwent an occupational audiometric examination by the Speech-Audiology program.Results: It was determined that most of the workers, 54.05%, are members of a low social class; 65% of workers are exposed to noise at work, 60% of workers do not use personal protection elements and 30% of evaluated workers have hearing loss. Analysis and discussion: there is a significant association between work activity and non-work activity of the age group, predominant in males with a representation of 63%, this can be explained given the cultural context in which the study was conducted. Conclusions: in Colombia, there is little information on social class and work-related hearing loss. An analysis of socio-spatial segregation of both households and the disease must be carried out in order to determine which diseases are associated to work activity


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Audiometry/adverse effects , Audiometry/methods , Hearing Loss , Social Class , Sick Leave , Noise Effects , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control
7.
CoDAS ; 32(2): e20190127, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089612

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose Assess the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions at work on noise exposure or occupational hearing loss compared to no or alternative interventions. Research strategies Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, OSHupdate, Cochrane Central and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched. Selection criteria Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT), Controlled Before-After studies (CBA) and Interrupted Time-Series studies (ITS) evaluating engineering controls, administrative controls, personal hearing protection devices, and hearing surveillance were included. Case studies of engineering controls were collected. Data analysis Cochrane methods for systematic reviews, including meta-analysis, were followed. Results 29 studies were included. Stricter legislation can reduce noise levels by 4.5 dB(A) (very low-quality evidence). Engineering controls can immediately reduce noise (107 cases). Eleven RCTs and CBA studies (3725 participants) were evaluated through Hearing Protection Devices (HPDs). Training of earplug insertion reduces noise exposure at short term follow-up (moderate quality evidence). Earmuffs might perform better than earplugs in high noise levels but worse in low noise levels (very low-quality evidence). HPDs might reduce hearing loss at very long-term follow-up (very low-quality evidence). Seventeen studies (84028 participants) evaluated hearing loss prevention programs. Better use of HPDs might reduce hearing loss but other components not (very low-quality evidence). Conclusion Hearing loss prevention and interventions modestly reduce noise exposure and hearing loss. Better quality studies and better implementation of noise control measures and HPDs is needed.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o efeito de intervenções no trabalho sobre a exposição ao ruído ou a perda auditiva em comparação com ausência ou intervenções alternativas. Estratégia de pesquisa Buscas em Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, OSHupdate, Cochrane Central e CINAHL. Critérios de seleção Incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR), estudos controlados pré/pós-intervenção (ECPPI) e estudos de séries temporais interrompidas (SIT) avaliando controles de engenharia, administrativos, equipamentos de proteção auditiva (EPAs) e vigilância auditiva. Coletados estudos de caso de engenharia. Análise dos dados Cochrane para revisões sistemáticas, incluindo metanálise. Resultados Foram incluídos 29 estudos. Legislação mais rigorosa pode reduzir níveis de ruído em 4,5 dB(A) (evidência de qualidade muito baixa). Controles de engenharia podem reduzir imediatamente o ruído (107 casos). Onze ECR e ECPPI (3.725 participantes) avaliaram EPAs. Treinamento para inserção do EPA reduz a exposição ao ruído no acompanhamento de curto prazo (evidência de qualidade moderada). Protetores tipo concha podem ter desempenho melhor do que protetores de inserção em níveis altos de ruído, mas piores em níveis mais baixos (evidência de qualidade muito baixa). EPAs podem reduzir a perda auditiva no acompanhamento de muito longo prazo (evidência de qualidade muito baixa). Dezessete estudos (84.028 participantes) avaliaram programas de prevenção de perdas auditivas. Um melhor uso do EPA pode reduzir a perda auditiva, mas outros componentes não (evidência de qualidade muito baixa). Conclusão As intervenções para prevenção da perda auditiva reduzem modestamente a exposição ao ruído e a perda auditiva. Estudos de melhor qualidade e melhor implementação de medidas de controle de ruído e EPA são necessários.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Ear Protective Devices , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Noise, Occupational/legislation & jurisprudence
8.
Rev. salud pública ; Rev. salud pública;21(2): 195-201, ene.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094390

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo Verificar los niveles de atenuación de dos tipos de protectores auditivos de copa bajo condiciones reales de operación. Métodos Se realizó un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas de los niveles de presión sonora al interior y exterior de los protectores auditivos, realizando mediciones de ruido bajo circunstancias habituales de trabajo para operadores de una planta de hidrocarburos. Posteriormente, se determinaron las diferencias entre los niveles de atenuación establecidos por el fabricante, los niveles de atenuación ajustados bajo el método recomendado por NIOSH y los niveles de atenuación obtenidos experimentalmente. Resultados Los valores de atenuación ofrecidos por los fabricantes difieren de los obtenidos experimentalmente, siendo estos últimos, menores en todos los casos del estudio. Los valores de atenuación de los protectores auditivos ajustados bajo el método NIOSH alcanzaron valores más cercanos a los experimentales. Conclusiones La variabilidad entre los valores de atenuación teóricos y experimentales, permiten establecer que las estimaciones de los niveles de atenuación obtenidos en condiciones controladas no consideran aspectos que en condiciones reales de uso afectan la eficiencia del protector auditivo. Este estudio plantea la necesidad de implementar programas integrales de protección auditiva, que permitan considerar variables asociadas a la eficacia del dispositivo en condiciones de uso, a través de la aplicación de pruebas de ajuste o en su defecto a través de la aplicación de los factores de ajuste sugeridos por NIOSH, con el fin de realizar una adecuada selección que permita alcanzar un control efectivo para el ruido.


ABSTRACT Objective To verify the attenuation levels of two types of earmuffs under real operating conditions. Materials and Methods A study with experimental design was carried out to obtain repeated measurements of the sound pressure levels inside and outside hearing protectors in a sample of workers of an oil and gas company working under normal process and exposure conditions. The results allowed determining differences between the attenuation levels established by the manufacturer, the adjusted attenuation levels under the NIOSH method, and the attenuation levels obtained experimentally. Results The attenuation values established by the manufacturers are lower than those ones obtained under actual use conditions in all cases evaluated. Likewise, the attenuation values of the hearing protectors, once adjusted under the NIOSH method, reached values much closer to those obtained experimentally. Conclusions The variability between theoretical attenuation values and experimental values allows concluding that the attenuation levels obtained under controlled laboratory conditions do not take into account certain characteristics that, based on their use, affect the efficiency of the hearing protection device. This study encourages the implementation of comprehensive hearing protection programs that consider variables such as hearing protection effectiveness, under real use conditions, by applying fit tests or other adjustment factors like the one suggested by NIOSH. This would ensure an adequate selection that aims at achieving an effective control of this risk factor.


RESUMO Objetivo Verifique os níveis de atenuação de dois tipos de protetores auriculares em condições reais de operação. Métodos Foi realizado um projeto experimental de medições repetidas dos níveis de pressão sonora dentro e fora dos protetores auditivos, fazendo medições de ruído em condições normais de trabalho para operadores de uma usina de hidrocarbonetos. Posteriormente, foram determinadas as diferenças entre os níveis de atenuação estabelecidos pelo fabricante, os níveis de atenuação ajustados pelo método recomendado pelo NIOSH e os níveis de atenuação obtidos experimentalmente. Resultados Os valores de atenuação oferecidos pelos fabricantes diferem daqueles obtidos experimentalmente, sendo este último menor em todos os casos do estudo. Os valores de atenuação dos protetores auditivos ajustados pelo método NIOSH atingiram valores mais próximos aos experimentais. Conclusões A variabilidade entre os valores de atenuação teórica e experimental permite estabelecer que as estimativas dos níveis de atenuação obtidos em condições controladas não consideram aspectos que, em condições reais de uso, afetam a eficiência do protetor auditivo. Este estudo levanta a necessidade de implementar programas abrangentes de proteção auditiva que permitam considerar variáveis associadas à efetividade do dispositivo em condições de uso, através da aplicação de testes de adaptação ou, na sua falta, através da aplicação de ajuste sugerido pelo NIOSH, a fim de fazer uma seleção adequada para obter um controle eficaz do ruído.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Exposure/standards , Ear Protective Devices/standards , Radiation Dosimeters , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Clinical Trial , Noise Measurement/methods
9.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) ; 21(1): 84-88, 2019 01 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33206931

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify auditory alterations in dentistry students and evaluate the level of knowledge in relation to noise-induced hearing loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Surveys applied to third-year students of the day school, and fourth-year students of the night stomatology school. The variables studied were auditory disorders and knowledge about NIHL (noise-induced hearing loss). RESULTS: Hearing disorders were found in 14.8% of the students, of whom 7.4% were receiving treatment. Audiometric examinations were performed in 28.4% of the students. It was also found that 24.6% of the students had relatives with hearing problems; 11.1% had pre-existing conditions; 49.3% needed repetition during a conversation; 34.4% felt irritated during practical classes and considered high rotation hand pieces to be the noisiest instrument; and 75.3% reported using hearing aids (72.1% for more than 5 years). With regard to knowledge, 93.8% said that dentists are professionals at risk of hearing loss due to noise, but 83.9% had not received guidance on NIHL. Regarding the hearing protector, 77.7% knew about it, but only 3.7% had used it. CONCLUSION: Stomatology students have noise-induced hearing loss, and also considered that the places where practical classes are given are a noisy environment. More knowledge is needed in students about the negative consequences of noise in health and the use of preventive measures to avoid hearing loss in the long term.


OBJETIVO: Identificar alteraciones auditivas en estudiantes de odontología y evaluar el nivel de conocimiento con relación a la pérdida auditiva inducida por ruido. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio transversal, se realizaron encuestas a estudiantes del tercer año curso diurno y cuarto año del curso nocturno de estomatología. Las variables estudiadas: trastornos auditivos y conocimiento sobre PAIR (pérdida auditiva inducida por ruido). RESULTADOS: Muestran la presencia de trastornos auditivos en 14,8% de los estudiantes, de los que 7,4% recibieron tratamiento. El 28,4% había realizado exámenes audio métricos. De los estudiantes, 24,6% tenían familiares con problemas de audición; 11,1% enfermedades preexistentes;49,3% necesitan repetición durante una conver-sación;34,4% estaba irritado en el ambiente de clases prácticas y consideraban las piezas de mano de alta rotación el instrumento más ruidoso; el 75,3% refirió usar audífonos y un 72,1% por más de 5 años. En relación a los resultados sobre conocimientos 93,8% afirmaron que el dentista es un profesional con riesgo de pérdida auditiva por ruido, pero el 83,9% no había recibido orientación sobre el PAIR. Respecto al protector auricular 77,7% lo conocía, pero sólo 3,7% lo había usado. CONCLUSIÓN: Los estudiantes de estomatología presentaron alteraciones auditivas inducidas por el ruido, y consideraban el local de las clases prácticas un ambiente ruidoso; es necesario un mayor conocimiento en los alumnos de las consecuencias negativas del ruido en la salud y la utilización de medidas de prevención para evitar la pérdida de la audición a largo plazo.


Subject(s)
Auditory Perception , Education, Dental , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/epidemiology , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Students, Dental , Adult , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/etiology , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Humans , Male , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Risk Factors
10.
Codas ; 30(1): e20170080, 2018 Feb 19.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29466510

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions on hearing health developed at a hospital laundry. METHODS: Quantitative assessment conducted at a hospital laundry. The study sample comprised 80 workers of both genders divided into two groups: Study Group (SG) and Control Group (CG). The educational interventions in hearing preservation were evaluated based on a theoretical approach using the Participatory Problem-based Methodology in five workshops. To assess the results of the workshops, an instrument containing 36 questions on knowledge, attitudes, and practices in hearing preservation at work was used. Questionnaires A and B were applied prior to and one month after intervention, respectively. The answers to both questionnaires were analyzed by group according to gender and schooling. RESULTS: Results of the pre-intervention phase showed low scores regarding knowledge about hearing health in the work setting for both groups, but significant improvement in knowledge was observed after intervention in the SG, with 77.7% of the answers presenting significant difference between the groups. There was also an improvement in the mean scores, with 35 responses (95.22%) presenting scores >4 (considered adequate). The women presented lower knowledge scores than the men; however, these differences were not observed in the SG after the workshops. Schooling was not a relevant factor in the assessment. CONCLUSION: The educational proposal grounded in the Participatory Problem-based Methodology expanded knowledge about hearing health at work among the participants.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade das ações educativas em saúde auditiva desenvolvidas em uma lavanderia hospitalar. MÉTODO: Pesquisa avaliativa de abordagem quantitativa realizada numa lavanderia hospitalar. A população do estudo foi constituída por 80 trabalhadores, de ambos os gêneros, subdivididos em Grupo Intervenção GI e Grupo Sem Intervenção GSI. Foram avaliadas as ações educativas sobre preservação auditiva realizadas na abordagem teórica da Metodologia Problematizadora e Participativa, num total de 5 oficinas. Para avaliar os resultados das oficinas, foi utilizado um instrumento com 36 questões sobre conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas em preservação auditiva no trabalho. A Versão "A" foi aplicada antes da intervenção e a Versão "B", após um mês de seu término. Analisaram-se as respostas dos questionários A e B por grupos com e sem intervenção em relação ao gênero e escolaridade. RESULTADOS: Os resultados encontrados na fase pré-intervenção demonstraram que os dois grupos apresentaram problemas no conhecimento relacionado à saúde auditiva no trabalho. Após a intervenção educativa, houve aumento significativo do conhecimento em relação à saúde auditiva no trabalho do GI com 77,77% das questões que apresentaram diferenças significantes entre os grupos. Houve melhora na média de pontuação com 35 (97,22%) questões apresentando pontuação maior que 4 (considerada resposta adequada). O gênero feminino apresentou conhecimentos inferiores ao masculino, porém, após as oficinas, essas diferenças não foram observadas no GI. A escolaridade não foi um fator relevante neste estudo. CONCLUSÃO: A proposta educativa pautada na metodologia problematizadora ampliou o conhecimento referente à saúde auditiva no trabalho entre os participantes.


Subject(s)
Health Education/methods , Hearing Loss/prevention & control , Laundry Service, Hospital , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Adult , Educational Status , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Hearing Tests , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Health , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
11.
CoDAS ; 30(1): e20170080, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890818

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a efetividade das ações educativas em saúde auditiva desenvolvidas em uma lavanderia hospitalar. Método Pesquisa avaliativa de abordagem quantitativa realizada numa lavanderia hospitalar. A população do estudo foi constituída por 80 trabalhadores, de ambos os gêneros, subdivididos em Grupo Intervenção GI e Grupo Sem Intervenção GSI. Foram avaliadas as ações educativas sobre preservação auditiva realizadas na abordagem teórica da Metodologia Problematizadora e Participativa, num total de 5 oficinas. Para avaliar os resultados das oficinas, foi utilizado um instrumento com 36 questões sobre conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas em preservação auditiva no trabalho. A Versão "A" foi aplicada antes da intervenção e a Versão "B", após um mês de seu término. Analisaram-se as respostas dos questionários A e B por grupos com e sem intervenção em relação ao gênero e escolaridade. Resultados Os resultados encontrados na fase pré-intervenção demonstraram que os dois grupos apresentaram problemas no conhecimento relacionado à saúde auditiva no trabalho. Após a intervenção educativa, houve aumento significativo do conhecimento em relação à saúde auditiva no trabalho do GI com 77,77% das questões que apresentaram diferenças significantes entre os grupos. Houve melhora na média de pontuação com 35 (97,22%) questões apresentando pontuação maior que 4 (considerada resposta adequada). O gênero feminino apresentou conhecimentos inferiores ao masculino, porém, após as oficinas, essas diferenças não foram observadas no GI. A escolaridade não foi um fator relevante neste estudo. Conclusão A proposta educativa pautada na metodologia problematizadora ampliou o conhecimento referente à saúde auditiva no trabalho entre os participantes.


ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions on hearing health developed at a hospital laundry. Methods Quantitative assessment conducted at a hospital laundry. The study sample comprised 80 workers of both genders divided into two groups: Study Group (SG) and Control Group (CG). The educational interventions in hearing preservation were evaluated based on a theoretical approach using the Participatory Problem-based Methodology in five workshops. To assess the results of the workshops, an instrument containing 36 questions on knowledge, attitudes, and practices in hearing preservation at work was used. Questionnaires A and B were applied prior to and one month after intervention, respectively. The answers to both questionnaires were analyzed by group according to gender and schooling. Results Results of the pre-intervention phase showed low scores regarding knowledge about hearing health in the work setting for both groups, but significant improvement in knowledge was observed after intervention in the SG, with 77.7% of the answers presenting significant difference between the groups. There was also an improvement in the mean scores, with 35 responses (95.22%) presenting scores >4 (considered adequate). The women presented lower knowledge scores than the men; however, these differences were not observed in the SG after the workshops. Schooling was not a relevant factor in the assessment. Conclusion The educational proposal grounded in the Participatory Problem-based Methodology expanded knowledge about hearing health at work among the participants.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Health Education/methods , Hearing Loss/prevention & control , Laundry Service, Hospital , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Sex Factors , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires , Occupational Health , Educational Status , Hearing Tests , Middle Aged
12.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon ; 23(1): 83-91, 2017 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27232423

ABSTRACT

This article provides relevant results of a cleaner production program conducted in a company dedicated to remanufacturing air compressors in the city of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. The overall study design was based on an integration of acknowledged cleaner production and pollution prevention programs. Although this kind of program also involves environmental issues, this study focused on occupational health and safety by addressing different aspects of the work environment: ergonomic, physical (noise and lighting), and chemical. Particularly, ergonomic aspects were evaluated through the Modular Arrangement of Predetermined Time Standards (MODAPTS) method. For physical aspects, noise and lighting were addressed through Standard No. NOM-011-STPS-2001 and Standard No. NOM-025-STPS-2008 respectively. In addition, chemical aspects were analyzed through material safety data sheets and different search tools. Root causes of each risk were identified, and options to prevent, eliminate, and/or reduce each risk have been provided.


Subject(s)
Ergonomics , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Occupational Health , Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control , Hazardous Substances , Humans , Lighting , Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities/standards , Mexico , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control
13.
Codas ; 28(2): 99-105, 2016 Apr.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27191871

ABSTRACT

Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of the attenuation of a hearing protector (HP) in a real work situation using the field-microphone-in-real-ear method (f-MIRE). Methods Eighteen individuals of both genders (mean age of 47.17±8 years) participated in this study. In the workplace, the personal attenuation level of the HP was assessed using the f-MIRE method, followed by orientation about the importance of using the HP, cleaning and storing the device, and training for effective placement. Results The analyses showed a significant statistic attenuation for all of the collected data (total noise, by frequency band and dose) when the noise levels in the lapel microphone and the probe microphone were compared. In the comparison of the attenuation values provided by the manufacturer and those found in this study, we observed higher values for the manufacturer in all frequency bands. No difference was observed for the noise levels in the different activities and times evaluated. Conclusion The findings of this study enabled us to know the personal level of attenuation of the HP during a real work situation, which was within the limits of tolerance. It was also possible to collect information about the environmental noise to which these workers are exposed. We noticed situations where this level exceeded the safety values, and therefore it is recommended the use of the HP. It is important that more studies are conducted using the f-MIRE method, because it may be an ally to assess the effectiveness of the HP attenuation in the workplace.


Subject(s)
Ear Protective Devices , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Adult , Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation , Equipment Design , Female , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reference Values , Workplace
14.
CoDAS ; 28(2): 99-105, mar.-abr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-782135

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia da atenuação de um protetor auditivo em uma situação real de trabalho utilizando o método f-Microphone-in-real-ear (f-MIRE). Métodos Participaram 18 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros (média de idade 47,17±8 anos). No local de trabalho, foi realizada a avaliação do nível pessoal de atenuação do Protetor Auditivo (PA) pelo método Field Microphone-in-Real-Ear (f-MIRE), seguido por orientações sobre a importância do uso do PA, higienização, armazenamento e treinamento para sua colocação efetiva. Resultados As análises mostraram que houve atenuação estatisticamente significante para todos os dados coletados (ruído total, por banda de frequência e dose) quando comparados os níveis de ruído no microfone lapela e no microfone sonda. Na comparação entre os valores de atenuação fornecidos pelo fabricante e os encontrados neste estudo, observou-se valores maiores para o fabricante em todas as bandas de frequência. Não houve diferença para os níveis de ruído nas diferentes atividades e horários avaliados. Conclusão Os achados do presente estudo possibilitaram conhecer o nível pessoal de atenuação do protetor auditivo durante uma situação real de trabalho, que estava dentro dos limites de tolerância. Também foi possível coletar informações sobre o ruído do ambiente em que esses trabalhadores estão expostos, onde observamos situações nas quais esse nível ultrapassava os valores de segurança, sendo assim recomendável o uso do PA. É importante que mais estudos sejam realizados utilizando o método f-MIRE, pois pode ser um aliado para avaliar a eficácia da atenuação do PA no local de trabalho.


ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of the attenuation of a hearing protector (HP) in a real work situation using the field-microphone-in-real-ear method (f-MIRE). Methods Eighteen individuals of both genders (mean age of 47.17±8 years) participated in this study. In the workplace, the personal attenuation level of the HP was assessed using the f-MIRE method, followed by orientation about the importance of using the HP, cleaning and storing the device, and training for effective placement. Results The analyses showed a significant statistic attenuation for all of the collected data (total noise, by frequency band and dose) when the noise levels in the lapel microphone and the probe microphone were compared. In the comparison of the attenuation values provided by the manufacturer and those found in this study, we observed higher values for the manufacturer in all frequency bands. No difference was observed for the noise levels in the different activities and times evaluated. Conclusion The findings of this study enabled us to know the personal level of attenuation of the HP during a real work situation, which was within the limits of tolerance. It was also possible to collect information about the environmental noise to which these workers are exposed. We noticed situations where this level exceeded the safety values, and therefore it is recommended the use of the HP. It is important that more studies are conducted using the f-MIRE method, because it may be an ally to assess the effectiveness of the HP attenuation in the workplace.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Ear Protective Devices , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Reference Values , Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation , Workplace , Equipment Design , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Middle Aged
15.
Codas ; 27(6): 514-9, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26691614

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of hearing protector insertion by comparing attenuation values measured by objective (MIRE) and subjective (REAT) methods in groups with and without training. METHODS: The study included 80 male subjects assigned to experimental (with training) and control (without training) groups. The following procedures were performed: occupational history, objective and subjective assessment of hearing protectors. Only subjects in the experimental group received training and guidance on proper hearing protector insertion. RESULTS: Attenuation values were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at all frequencies (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz) investigated through the objective (MIRE) and subjective (REAT) methods. In addition, attenuation values in the control group were lower than those provided by the hearing protector manufacturer. CONCLUSION: Both objective and subjective attenuation tests demonstrated the efficacy of training on insertion of hearing protectors because the group that received training on proper hearing protection insertion exhibited higher attenuation values than the untrained group.


Subject(s)
Ear Protective Devices , Inservice Training/methods , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Auditory Threshold , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Hearing Tests , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Program Evaluation , Reference Standards , Reproducibility of Results , Young Adult
16.
CoDAS ; 27(6): 514-519, nov.-dez. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-770517

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the efficacy of hearing protector insertion by comparing attenuation values measured by objective (MIRE) and subjective (REAT) methods in groups with and without training. Methods: The study included 80 male subjects assigned to experimental (with training) and control (without training) groups. The following procedures were performed: occupational history, objective and subjective assessment of hearing protectors. Only subjects in the experimental group received training and guidance on proper hearing protector insertion. Results: Attenuation values were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at all frequencies (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz) investigated through the objective (MIRE) and subjective (REAT) methods. In addition, attenuation values in the control group were lower than those provided by the hearing protector manufacturer. Conclusion: Both objective and subjective attenuation tests demonstrated the efficacy of training on insertion of hearing protectors because the group that received training on proper hearing protection insertion exhibited higher attenuation values than the untrained group.


RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a eficácia da colocação do protetor auditivo comparando os valores de atenuação obtidos pelos métodos objetivo (MIRE) e subjetivo (REAT) em grupos com e sem treinamento. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 80 indivíduos do sexo masculino, separados em grupo pesquisa (com treinamento) e controle (sem treinamento). Os procedimentos realizados foram: anamnese e avaliações objetiva e subjetiva do protetor auditivo. Apenas os indivíduos do grupo pesquisa receberam treinamento e orientações para colocar corretamente o protetor auditivo. Resultados: Os valores de atenuação no grupo pesquisa foram maiores com diferenças estatisticamente significantes em relação ao grupo controle em todas as frequências (500, 1000, 2000 e 4000 Hz) investigadas por meio dos métodos objetivo (MIRE) e subjetivo (REAT). Além disso, os valores de atenuação no grupo controle foram menores do que as previstas pelo fabricante do protetor auditivo. Conclusão: Ambos os métodos de avaliação da atenuação (objetivo e subjetivo) demonstraram a eficácia da colocação do protetor auditivo. Entretanto, o grupo que recebeu treinamento para colocação adequada do protetor auditivo apresentou valores de atenuação maiores do que o grupo sem treinamento.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Ear Protective Devices , Inservice Training/methods , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Analysis of Variance , Auditory Threshold , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Tests , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Program Evaluation , Reference Standards , Reproducibility of Results
17.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26487294

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether sociodemographic, occupational, and health-related data are associated with the use of hearing protection devices at work, according to gender. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2006, using a random sample of 2,429 workers, aged between 18 and 65 years old, from residential sub-areas in Salvador, BA, Northeastern Brazil. Questionnaires were used to obtain sociodemographic, occupational, and health-related data. Workers who reported that they worked in places where they needed to shout in order to be heard were considered to be exposed to noise. Exposed workers were asked whether they used hearing protection devices, and if so, how frequently. Analyses were conducted according to gender, with estimates made about prevalence of the use of hearing protection devices, prevalence ratios, and their respective 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Twelve percent (12.3%) of study subjects reported that they were exposed to noise while working. Prevalence of the use of hearing protection devices was 59.3% for men and 21.4% for women. Men from higher socioeconomic levels (PR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.14;1.90) and who had previous audiometric tests (PR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.15;1.88) were more likely to use hearing protection devices. For women, greater perceived safety was associated with the use of protection devices (PR = 2.92; 95%CI 1.34;6.34). This perception was specifically related to the presence of supervisors committed to safety (PR = 2.09; 95%CI 1.04;4.21), the existence of clear rules to prevent workplace injuries (PR = 2.81; 95%CI 1.41;5.59), and whether they were informed about workplace safety (PR = 2.42; 95%CI 1.23;4.76). CONCLUSIONS: There is a gender bias regarding the use of hearing protection devices that is less favorable to women. The use of such devices among women is positively influenced by their perception of a safe workplace, suggesting that gender should be considered as a factor in hearing conservation programs.


Subject(s)
Ear Protective Devices/statistics & numerical data , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hearing Tests , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Perception , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Workplace , Young Adult
18.
Codas ; 27(4): 309-18, 2015.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26398252

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the workers' perception of comfort and use aspects regarding two types of hearing protectors (shell and earplug), in three units from a lumbering company, with different implantation times for Hearing Preservation Programs. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study comparing 440 workers' perception of hearing protectors, from three companies in Paraná State (Brazil), with different times for Hearing Preservation Programs. Two closed questionnaires were applied (9 and 10 questions, respectively), with a scale of answers varying from 1 to 5 (Likert's scale) regarding the perception of the comfort of hearing protectors. Then, audiometry results were analyzed. RESULTS: About 17.5% presented audiogram examinations with alterations. With regard to the questionnaire about the comfort perception, the importance of noise attenuation (mean of 4.25) was the most relevant aspect, followed by communication possibility (mean of 4.15). In the protector assessment, Unit A with more Hearing Preservation Program time presented better scores for both the worker's perception of important aspects regarding hearing protector and for the assessment of the used hearing protector. There was a significant difference on communication difficulty with the use of a hearing protector among workers with normal and altered audiograms (p=0.0371). With regard to the global comfort in the comparison of workers using the shell-type hearing protector with those using insert-type hearing protectors, there was no difference (p=0.2264), irrespective of the type of the unit. CONCLUSION: In general, the unit workers presented a good perception of the important aspects about the hearing protection use of both types of hearing protectors.


Subject(s)
Ear Protective Devices , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hearing Tests , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Perception , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
19.
Rev. SOBECC ; 20(3): 157-162, jul.-set. 2015. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-779390

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como objetivo a verificação do nível de pressão sonora (NPS) na área de recepção e limpeza (expurgo) do Centro de Material e Esterilização, identificando suas fontes de ruído. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo-exploratório, de campo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um estabelecimento de assistência à saúde de médio porte em São José dos Campos (SP), Brasil. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de junho e julho de 2014, utilizando-se um decibelímetro Icel manaus DL-4100 para a identificação do NPS. As medidas foram realizadas no período da tarde, em horários estabelecidos pelo responsável técnico do setor, baseadas em um momento de maior atividade e outro sem atividade no expurgo. Resultados: Foram encontrados NPS elevados no local. Conclusão: O NPS mensurado no ambiente estudado é suficiente para causar alterações fisiológicas e psicológicas nos profissionais que trabalham nesse local...


Subject(s)
Humans , Sterilization , Noise Measurement , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Noise/prevention & control
20.
CoDAS ; 27(4): 309-318, July-Aug. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-760418

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the workers' perception of comfort and use aspects regarding two types of hearing protectors (shell and earplug), in three units from a lumbering company, with different implantation times for Hearing Preservation Programs.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study comparing 440 workers' perception of hearing protectors, from three companies in Paraná State (Brazil), with different times for Hearing Preservation Programs. Two closed questionnaires were applied (9 and 10 questions, respectively), with a scale of answers varying from 1 to 5 (Likert's scale) regarding the perception of the comfort of hearing protectors. Then, audiometry results were analyzed.RESULTS: About 17.5% presented audiogram examinations with alterations. With regard to the questionnaire about the comfort perception, the importance of noise attenuation (mean of 4.25) was the most relevant aspect, followed by communication possibility (mean of 4.15). In the protector assessment, Unit A with more Hearing Preservation Program time presented better scores for both the worker's perception of important aspects regarding hearing protector and for the assessment of the used hearing protector. There was a significant difference on communication difficulty with the use of a hearing protector among workers with normal and altered audiograms (p=0.0371). With regard to the global comfort in the comparison of workers using the shell-type hearing protector with those using insert-type hearing protectors, there was no difference (p=0.2264), irrespective of the type of the unit.CONCLUSION: In general, the unit workers presented a good perception of the important aspects about the hearing protection use of both types of hearing protectors.


OBJETIVO: avaliar e comparar a percepção de trabalhadores sobre aspectos de conforto e uso de dois tipos de protetores auriculares (tipo concha e inserção) em três unidades de uma empresa madeireira com tempos diferentes de implantação de Programas de Preservação Auditiva (PPA).MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo transversal, que comparou a percepção de 440 trabalhadores de três unidades de empresa do estado do Paraná, com tempos diferentes de Programa de Preservação Auditiva, sobre protetores auriculares. Foram aplicados dois questionários fechados (9 e 10 questões) com escala de respostas de 1 a 5 (escala Likert) sobre percepção de conforto de protetores auriculares e analisadas as audiometrias.RESULTADOS: 17,5% apresentaram audiogramas alterados. Em relação ao questionário de percepção de conforto, a importância da atenuação do ruído (média 4,25) foi o aspecto mais relevante, seguido da possibilidade de comunicação (média 4,15). Na avaliação do protetor utilizado, a Unidade A com mais tempo de PPA apresentou pontuações melhores tanto para a percepção dos aspectos importantes do protetor auricular pelos trabalhadores quanto na avaliação do protetor auricular utilizado. Houve diferença significativa sobre a dificuldade de comunicação com o uso de protetor auricular entre trabalhadores com audiogramas normais e alterados (p=0,0371). Quanto ao conforto global na comparação dos trabalhadores usuários do protetor auricular do tipo concha com os do tipo inserção, não houve diferença (p=0,2264) independente da Unidade.CONCLUSÃO: Em geral, os trabalhadores das unidades apresentaram uma boa percepção de aspectos importantes da proteção auditiva para a utilização de ambos os tipos de protetores auriculares.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Ear Protective Devices , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control , Noise, Occupational/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Tests , Perception , Surveys and Questionnaires
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