Dimensions of the COVID-19 pandemic: prevalence of common mental disorders in "invisible" health workers and their association with occupational stressors.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between occupational stressors and common mental disorders (CMD) among "invisible" health workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Cross-sectional study including a probabilistic sample of 1,014 health workers from three municipalities in Bahia. CMDs were assessed using the SRQ-20. The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) scale and the Demand-Control Model assessed occupational stressors. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple analysis to evaluate the association between the variables of interest. RESULTS: The global prevalence of CMD was 39.9%; it was higher among CHA/EDCA (47.2%), followed by management and surveillance staff (38.6%), technicians (35.4%), and support/maintenance/cleaning staff (29.9%). The association between occupational stressors and CMD varied among occupations: 1. Excessive work commitment (EWC), effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and psychological demand were associated with CMD among support/maintenance/cleaning workers; 2. EWC and ERI were associated with CMD among CHA/EDCA; 3. EWC, ERI, and low control over work were associated with CMD among technicians; 4. Among management and surveillance workers, only ERI remained associated with CMD. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational stressors played a relevant role in mental illness, with variation between occupational strata, demanding attention, monitoring, and control.

Musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life for Chilean teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic at the academic year-end.

Introduction: Schoolteachers have reported multiple demands contributing to poor perceptions regarding their quality of life and high rates of musculoskeletal disorders. However, there are few studies about the association between musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life from the end of the academic period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: Evaluate musculoskeletal disorders rates and their association with quality of life perceptions among teachers from the last academic period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants and methods: A total sample of 161 Chilean schoolteachers was included in a cross-sectional study musculoskeletal disorders prevalence was evaluated using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire, and quality of life was evaluated through the Short-Form 12 Health Survey Instrument. A logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life perceptions adjusted by gender, age, and contract type. Results: 98% of teachers have suffered from some type of musculoskeletal disorders during the last 12 months, and 64% have had six or more painful regions. Women showed a higher musculoskeletal disorders rate than men. The group of teachers with the most musculoskeletal disorders (≥p50) saw significantly greater risk of low scores on the physical (OR: 2.16; p < 0.05) and mental components (OR: 4.86; p < 0.01) of quality of life, regardless of gender, age, and contract type. Conclusion: High musculoskeletal disorders rates suggest that preventive and informative actions must be taken regarding these disorders in order to protect teachers' mental and physical health, considering the effects of the school year and the COVID-19 health crisis.

Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil.

BACKGROUND: The literature discussing musculoskeletal diseases of inner northeastern workers is scarce, although 67,559 cases were reported in Brazil between 2007 and 2016. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multiple risk factors that influence the symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in wrists, elbows, and shoulders in workers from four different economic sectors. METHODS: A sample included 420 workers from the inner regions of the Brazilian states of Alagoas and Bahia. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to capture pain symptoms on both sides of the body (left and right). Sociodemographic variables, items from the biomechanical exposure and organizational conditional, in addition to other questionnaires (JCQ, COPSOQ II, ERI) were used to assess the characteristics and occupational risks of the respondents. Ordinal logistic regression model was using to identify the relationship between symptoms and factors. RESULTS: This study highlights the psychosocial, biomechanical, occupational, and sociodemographic variables contributed to development of WMSDs. Use of hand-vibrating tool increased the likelihood of symptoms manifesting on the body. On the other hand, high job control and high job insecurity reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. On the other hand, high job control and job satisfaction reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. Factors such as age, curved spine, high job insecurity and excessive commitment contributed to the development of WMSDs only on one side of the body. CONCLUSIONS: The development of WMSDs is multifactorial. Sociodemographic, occupational, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors may commonly contribute to WMSD manifesting only on one side of the body more than on both sides.

El covid-19 y sus consecuencias en la vida y el trabajo de médicos residentes de La Paz, Bolivia / Covid-19 and its consequences in the life and the work of medical residents of La Paz, Bolivia

Este artículo es un apretado resumen de los principales resultados de una investigación mayor realizada por MEDICON, cuantitativa y cualitativa, en línea, a médicos residentes de 2º año del Sistema Departamental de Salud La Paz, en Bolivia. Los datos y relatos recogidos tienen que ver con la pandemia, el cumplimiento de las medidas de bioseguridad, la afectación experimentada por la cuarentena, la donación de plasma, el desempeño del personal de salud, entre otros. En el 55% la enfermedad fue confirmada por laboratorio. No hubo hospitalizados y la mayoría se automedicó. No recibieron soporte psicológico, por lo que es factible que algunos hubieran desarrollado el síndrome de burnout. Los que se enfermaron o tuvieron allegados con covid-19 dieron a conocer sus vivencias sobre la manera en que ellos y sus familiares enfrentaron el problema. (AU)

This article is a tight summary of the main results of a major investigation conducted by MEDICON, quantitative and qualitative, online, to second-year resident physicians of the La Paz Departmental Health System, in Bolivia. The data and reports collected have to do with the pandemic, compliance with biosecurity measures, the impact experienced by quarantine, plasma donation, the performance of health personnel, among others. In 55% the disease was confirmed by laboratory. There were no hospitalized and most self-medicated. They did not receive psychological support, so it is possible that some had developed ­ burnout syndrome. Those who became ill or had relatives with covid-19 shared their experiences about the way that they and their relatives faced the problem. (AU)

Symptoms related to mental disorder in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Studies of previous pandemics indicate that healthcare workers have a high risk of developing symptoms related to mental health, especially depression, anxiety, and stress. OBJECTIVE: To identify mental disorder symptoms among Brazilian healthcare workers during the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic and compare findings in different work categories. METHODS: This was an online cross-sectional study. Information related to the pandemic and mental disorder symptoms was collected. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and the Impact of Event Scale-revised were used. Associations were estimated by the chi-square test. The mean scores were compared among work categories with ANOVA (α = 5%) and the prevalence of symptoms was estimated. RESULTS: 1,609 healthcare workers participated in the survey [mean age: 36.9 (SD = 11.6) years, women = 83.6%]. There was no association between work category and changes in mental health during the pandemic (p = 0.288) or prevalence of unsafe feeling (p = 0.218). A significant relationship was observed between maintaining work activities during the pandemic and work category (p < 0.001). Physicians had the lowest out-of-work prevalence (9.5%) while dentists had the highest (32.3%). Physicians and nurses showed the highest prevalence of in-person work routine. Psychologists presented the highest prevalence of remote work (64.0%) while dentists had the lowest (20.2%). A high prevalence of depression (D), anxiety (A), and stress (S) symptoms was observed in all professional categories (D: 57.2, 95% CI 48.3-66.1%; A: 46.20%, 95% CI = 37.2-55.2%; S: 55.80%, 95% CI = 46.8-64.8%), with physicians (D = 38.4%, A = 25.80%, S = 37.90%), psychologists (D = 50.2%, A = 39.0%, S = 43.1%), and nurses (D = 50.0%, A = 40.9%, S = 49.0%) having significantly lower scores. Psychologists had the lowest pandemic-related psychological impact (42.70%, 95% CI 36.8-48.6%). CONCLUSION: Extreme changes in the work routine of dentists and psychologists and an overall high prevalence of mental symptoms due to the pandemic were found. Researchers should focus on gathering information that can identify workers at increased risk of mental illness to guide discussions and develop actions to minimize the harm of the pandemic. In addition, we suggest that healthcare and support systems urgently adopt mental health care measures with specialized professionals to protect the psychological well-being of the healthcare community.

Psychiatric symptomatology associated with depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia in health professionals working in patients affected by COVID-19: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Health professionals are key personnel to containing infectious diseases like COVID-19. In the face of long work shifts (that reach 16 h per day on average), the risk of getting infected by a high-infectious disease and the lack of enough biological protection measures, mental suffering among health professionals suddenly became evident. METHOD: We carried out an updated meta-analysis to investigate the psychiatric impacts on health professionals in the face of the physical and psychological conditions to which they are subjected due to the high demands of the COVID-19 pandemic. Papers were researched in four databases from December 2019 to April 2020. In total, eight papers were included in the study. RESULTS: Health professionals working to fight COVID-19 are being more severely affected by psychiatric disorders associated with depression, anxiety, distress and insomnia, stress, and indirect traumatization than other occupational groups. No significant differences were observed in the publication bias. CONCLUSION: There is a strong association between health professionals and COVID-19 in terms of psychiatric repercussions. Our meta-analysis showed that health professionals have a higher level of indirect traumatization, in which the level of damage exceeds psychological and emotional tolerance and indirectly results in psychological abnormalities. The incidence of obsessive-compulsive traces and somatizations was higher in situations involving front-line professionals.

Psychological effects caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in health professionals: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Psychological suffering by health professionals may be associated with the uncertainty of a safe workplace. Front-line professionals exposed and involved in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients are more susceptible. METHOD: This review was conducted based on papers that were published at MEDLINE, BMJ, PsycINFO, and LILACS, the according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA). RESULTS: Health professionals had a higher level of anxiety (13.0 vs. 8.5%, p < 0.01, OR = 1.6152; 95%CI 1.3283 to 1.9641; p < 0.0001) and depression 12.2 vs. 9.5%; p = 0.04; OR = 1.3246; 95%CI 1.0930 to 1.6053; p = 0.0042), besides somatizations and insomnia compared to professionals from other areas. CONCLUSION: Health professionals, regardless of their age, showed significant levels of mental disorders. We observed a prevalence of anxiety and depression. Insomnia was a risk factor for both.

Depressão e ansiedade em profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia da covid-19 / Depression and anxiety in nursing professionals during the covid-19 pandemic / Depresión y ansiedad en profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia del covid-19

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de sintomas depressão, ansiedade e fatores associados em profissionais da equipe de enfermagem durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Métodos: Estudo seccional do tipo web survey, com 490 com profissionais de enfermagem dos serviços de média e alta complexidade em um estado do nordeste do Brasil. A associação entre os desfechos e as variáveis independentes foi através do teste de qui-quadrado de Rao-Scott e do modelo de regressão de Poisson. Resultados: A ocorrência de sintomas sugestivos de transtornos mentais (ansiedade e depressão) estava relacionada a profissionais de enfermagem do sexo feminino, cor ou raça parda, com renda mensal inferior a 5 salários mínimos que trabalhavam no setor privado, ter sintomas de Síndrome de Burnout e morar com os pais. As ocorrências foram mais acentuadas quando os serviços não apresentavam condições adequadas de trabalho, em especial para o enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19. Conclusão e implicações para a prática: Ações que visem à melhoria das condições de trabalho e que estimulem a prática de atividades físicas podem ser benéficas para o a manutenção e fortalecimento das condições de saúde mental dessa população

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and associated factors in Nursing staff during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional web survey study, with 490 Nursing professionals from medium and high complexity services in a state in northeastern Brazil. The association between the outcomes and the independent variables was through the Rao-Scott chi-square test and the Poisson regression model. Results: The occurrence of symptoms suggestive of mental disorders (anxiety and depression) was related to female Nursing professionals, brown skin color or race, with a monthly income below 5 minimum wages and working in the private sector, having symptoms of the Burnout Syndrome and live with their parents. The occurrences were more accentuated when the services did not have adequate working conditions, especially for coping with the Covid-19 pandemic. Conclusion and implications for practice: Actions that aim to improve the working conditions and that encourage the practice of physical activities can be beneficial for the maintenance and strengthening of the mental health conditions of this population

Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia de síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y factores asociados en el personal de enfermería durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Métodos: Estudio de encuesta web seccional, con 490 profesionales de enfermería de servicios de mediana y alta complejidad en un estado del noreste de Brasil. La asociación entre los resultados y las variables independientes se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Rao-Scott y el modelo de regresión de Poisson. Resultados: La ocurrencia de síntomas sugestivos de trastornos mentales (ansiedad y depresión) se relacionó con mujeres profesionales de enfermería, de color o raza morena, con ingresos mensuales inferiores a 5 salarios mínimos que trabajaban en el sector privado, presentaban síntomas de Síndrome de Burnout y vivían con los padres. Los episodios eran más acentuados cuando los servicios no contaban con las condiciones laborales adecuadas, especialmente para hacer frente a la pandemia Covid-19. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: Las acciones que tengan como objetivo mejorar las condiciones laborales y que incentiven la práctica de actividades físicas pueden ser beneficiosas para el mantenimiento y fortalecimiento de las condiciones de salud mental de esta población

Nursing and mental health: a reflection in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To reflect on the mental health of Nursing professionals in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. METHOD: This is a theoretical-reflective study based on the discursive formulation on the theme and supported by the national and international scientific literature and by the authors' critical analysis. RESULTS: The analyzed studies, along with the care practice, showed that Nursing professionals are susceptible to the exacerbation of symptoms such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, anguish, and stress in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic, in view of their exhaustive work shifts, patients' deaths, risk of infecting themselves and their families, and social isolation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The mental health of Nursing professionals needs to be listed as one of the priorities for health managers, guaranteeing strategies and public policies that ensure sanity for those who are in the front line of the fight against the pandemic.

Mental health of healthcare professionals in China during the new coronavirus pandemic: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to identify publishing related to the mental health of health professionals working in the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: an integrative review that included primary articles indexed in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct databases and US National Library of Medicine databases. The result analysis was performed descriptively, in four analytical categories. RESULTS: The publishing involved aspects related to insufficient personal protective equipment, feelings of fear and stigma, the need for psychological and psychiatric support and the possibility of post-outbreak mental disorders. CONCLUSION: All mentioned aspects have a direct impact on the mental health of professionals, demanding the creation of strategies that minimize the emotional burnout of workers, considering that each country and culture reacts differently to the disease.

Effectiveness of a progressive resistance exercise program for industrial workers during breaks on perceived fatigue control: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: There is strong evidence that physical exercise in the workplace is effective for reducing workers' musculoskeletal complaints. Studies with industrial workers and studies on progressive resistance exercises during breaks are scarce. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of a resistance exercise program on perceived fatigue control among industrial workers. METHODS: 204 employees from the dairy industry were allocated to two groups, the intervention group (IG) (n = 98) and the control group (CG) (n = 106). The primary outcome measures were perceived fatigue control and maximum muscle strength, measured through the Need for Recovery Scale and one-repetition maximum contraction (1-RM), respectively. Secondary outcome measures were musculoskeletal complaints, physical activity level, perceived risk factors, physical fitness (BMI, vital signs, and body fat percentage), and workers´ productivity. All outcomes were assessed at baseline and then again after 4 months. The IG performed resistance exercises using progressively greater loads while the CG performed general exercise using elastic bands. The exercise protocols were performed three times per week for 20 min. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed using the mixed linear model. Results were considered significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS: The IG did not show to be superior to the CG, although both groups improved perceived fatigue control and muscle strength after the resistance physical exercise program in the worplace. There was also no significant difference between the groups for musculoskeletal complaints and other secondary variables analyzed. However, both groups showed significant improvements between baseline and after 4 months of intervention for all evaluated outcomes (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The implementation of a progressive resistance exercise program during work breaks for perceived fatigue control was no more effective than exercises using elastic bands. However, resistance exercises during work breaks presented better results on all measured outcomes regardless of the exercise protocol used. TRIAL REGISTRATION: U.S. National Institutes of Health, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02172053. Registered 19 June 2014.

Factors related to the risk of illness of nursing staff at work in a psychiatric institution.

OBJECTIVE: identify the associations between the sociodemographic, and work variables, health conditions and lifestyles, and the risks of illness of nursing workers in a psychiatric hospital. METHOD: analytical cross-sectional study. The sample of 74 workers answered a questionnaire for sociodemographic, work, health conditions and lifestyles survey characterization. The Work Context Assessment Scale and the Human Cost at Work Scale were used to evaluate the perception of the risks of illness in the interviewee's opinion. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, with significance of 5%. RESULTS: the factors associated with the risk of illness were: insomnia complaints, night work and workday. CONCLUSION: the associations between the work variables, health conditions and life habits can harm the health of the nursing staff of a psychiatric hospital.

Factors related to the risk of illness of nursing staff at work in a psychiatric institution / Fatores associados aos riscos de adoecimento da equipe de enfermagem no trabalho em instituição psiquiátrica / Factores asociados a los riesgos de enfermedad del equipo de enfermería que trabaja en una institución psiquiátrica

Objective: identify the associations between the sociodemographic, and work variables, health conditions and lifestyles, and the risks of illness of nursing workers in a psychiatric hospital. Method: analytical cross-sectional study. The sample of 74 workers answered a questionnaire for sociodemographic, work, health conditions and lifestyles survey characterization. The Work Context Assessment Scale and the Human Cost at Work Scale were used to evaluate the perception of the risks of illness in the interviewee's opinion. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, with significance of 5%. Results: the factors associated with the risk of illness were: insomnia complaints, night work and workday. Conclusion: the associations between the work variables, health conditions and life habits can harm the health of the nursing staff of a psychiatric hospital.

Objetivo: identificar as associações entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais, condições de saúde, hábitos de vida e os riscos de adoecimento do trabalhador de enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico. Método: estudo transversal analítico. A amostra de 74 trabalhadores respondeu a um questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica, laboral, levantamento de condições de saúde e hábitos de vida. Para avaliar a percepção dos riscos de adoecimento, na opinião do entrevistado, foram utilizadas a Escala de Avaliação do Contexto de Trabalho e a Escala de Custo Humano no Trabalho. Realizou-se análise descritiva e bivariada, com significância de 5%. Resultados: os fatores associados aos riscos de adoecimento foram: queixas de insônia, trabalho noturno e jornada de trabalho. Conclusão: há evidências de que as associações entre as variáveis laborais, condições de saúde e hábitos de vida podem prejudicar a saúde da equipe de enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico.

Objetivo: identificar las asociaciones entre las variables sociodemográficas, laborales, las condiciones de salud, los estilos de vida y de los riesgos de enfermedad de los trabajadores de enfermería en un hospital psiquiátrico. Método: estudio analítico transversal. La muestra de 74 trabajadores respondió a un cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica y laboral, condiciones de salud y estilos de vida. Para evaluar la percepción de los riesgos de enfermedad de acuerdo con el entrevistado, se utilizó la Escala de Evaluación del Contexto Laboral y la Escala de Coste Humano en el Trabajo. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y bivariado, con una significación del 5%. Resultados: los factores asociados con el riesgo de enfermarse fueron: las quejas de insomnio, el trabajo nocturno y las horas de trabajo. Conclusión: existe evidencia de que las asociaciones entre las variables de trabajo, las condiciones de salud y los hábitos de vida pueden perjudicar la salud del personal de enfermería de un hospital psiquiátrico.

Estresse e danos à saúde do alpinista industrial no contexto de trabalho / Stress and damage to the health of industrial climbers in the work context

A pesquisa teve como objeto o estresse laboral e sua relação com os danos à saúde do trabalhador alpinista industrial. O estresse ocupacional é capaz de influenciar a saúde dos trabalhadores, produzindo efeitos negativos sobre as condições de saúde mental e física, tornando-se um grande problema nos âmbitos de Saúde Pública e Saúde do Trabalhador. O estudo teve como objetivos: mensurar o estresse do trabalhador alpinista industrial nas suas situações de trabalho; identificar danos físicos, psicológicos e sociais à saúde do trabalhador alpinista industrial e associar o estresse com os danos à saúde do trabalhador alpinista industrial. Estudo epidemiológico transversal com 144 trabalhadores alpinistas industriais, realizado em uma empresa prestadora de serviços localizada no Rio de Janeiro e uma empresa certificadora e prestadora de serviços localizada no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de dezembro de 2018 e julho de 2019. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados um questionário para caracterização do perfil sociodemográfico, laboral e de condições de saúde e hábitos de vida; a Escala de Estresse no Trabalho ­ EET e a Escala de Danos Físicos e Psicossociais no Trabalho ­ EDT. A consistência interna das escalas mostrou fidedignidade com valores entre 0,954 e 0,993. Os dados foram armazenados, processados e analisados em banco de dados do programa Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), versão 23.0. Foram feitas análises descritivas e bivariadas com Intervalo de Confiança de 95%. Na EET, os alpinistas industriais apresentaram média de nível de estresse percebido de 2,67, caracterizada como nível de estresse médio, e na EDT, apresentaram média de 2,96 para o fator Danos físicos, caracterizada como risco psicossocial médio. Houve associação significativa entre o estresse ocupacional e os danos físicos e psicossociais relacionados ao trabalho do alpinista industrial.

The research had as object the work stress and its relation with the damages to the health of the industrial climber worker. Occupational stress is capable of influencing the health of workers, producing negative effects on mental and physical health conditions, becoming a major problem in the areas of Public Health and Occupational Health. The study aimed to: measure the stress of the industrial climber worker in their work situations; identify physical, psychological and social damage to the health of the industrial climber worker and associate stress with damage to the health of the industrial climber worker. Cross-sectional epidemiological study with 144 industrial mountain climbers, carried out in a service provider company located in Rio de Janeiro and a certification and service provider company located in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Data collection took place between the months of December 2018 and July 2019. For data collection, a questionnaire was used to characterize the sociodemographic, work and health conditions and lifestyle habits; the Stress Scale at Work - SSW and the Physical and Psychosocial Damage Scale at Work - DWS. The internal consistency of the scales showed reliability with values between 0.954 and 0.993. The data were stored, processed and analyzed in a database of the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), version 23.0. Descriptive and bivariate analyzes were performed with a 95% confidence interval. For data analysis, Chi Square and Fisher's Exact tests were used. In the SSW, the industrial climbers had an average perceived stress level of 2.67, characterized as a medium stress level, and in the DWS, they presented an average of 2.96 for the Physical damage factor, characterized as an average psychosocial risk. There was a significant association between occupational stress and physical and psychosocial damage related to the work of the industrial climber.

La investigación tuvo como objeto el estrés laboral y su relación con los daños a la salud del escalador industrial. El estrés ocupacional es capaz de influir en la salud de los trabajadores, produciendo efectos negativos en las condiciones de salud mental y física, convirtiéndose en un problema importante en las áreas de salud pública y salud ocupacional. El estudio tuvo como objetivo: medir el estrés de los trabajadores escaladores industriales en sus situaciones laborales; Identificar el daño físico, psicológico y social a la salud del escalador industrial y asociar el estrés con el daño a la salud del escalador industrial. Estudio epidemiológico transversal con 144 alpinistas industriales, realizado en una empresa proveedora de servicios ubicada en Río de Janeiro y una empresa proveedora de servicios y certificación ubicada en Río de Janeiro y São Paulo. La recopilación de datos tuvo lugar entre los meses de diciembre de 2018 y julio de 2019. Para la recopilación de datos, se utilizó un cuestionario para caracterizar las condiciones sociodemográficas, laborales y de salud y los hábitos de estilo de vida; la Escala de Estrés en el Trabajo - EET y la Escala de Daño Físico y Psicosocial en el Trabajo - EDT. La consistencia interna de las escalas mostró confiabilidad con valores entre 0.954 y 0.993. Los datos se almacenaron, procesaron y analizaron en una base de datos del Paquete Estadístico para las Ciencias Sociales (SPSS), versión 23.0. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y bivariados con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizaron las pruebas Chi Square y Fisher's Exact. En el EET, los escaladores industriales tenían un promedio de nivel de estrés percibido de 2.67, caracterizado como un nivel de estrés medio, y en el EDT, presentaron un promedio de 2.96 para el factor de daño físico, caracterizado como un riesgo psicosocial promedio. Hubo una asociación significativa entre el estrés laboral y el daño físico y psicosocial relacionado con el trabajo del escalador industrial.

Mental health of healthcare professionals in China during the new coronavirus pandemic: an integrative review / Salud mental de los profesionales de la salud en China durante la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus: una revisión integradora / Saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde na China durante pandemia do novo coronavírus: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify publishing related to the mental health of health professionals working in the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: an integrative review that included primary articles indexed in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct databases and US National Library of Medicine databases. The result analysis was performed descriptively, in four analytical categories. Results: The publishing involved aspects related to insufficient personal protective equipment, feelings of fear and stigma, the need for psychological and psychiatric support and the possibility of post-outbreak mental disorders. Conclusion: All mentioned aspects have a direct impact on the mental health of professionals, demanding the creation of strategies that minimize the emotional burnout of workers, considering that each country and culture reacts differently to the disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar publicaciones relacionadas con la salud mental de los profesionales de la salud que trabajan frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: una revisión integradora que incluyó artículos primarios indexados en las bases de datos de Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct e US National Library of Medicine. El análisis descriptivo de los resultados se realizó en cuatro categorías analíticas. Resultados: las publicaciones incluyeron aspectos relacionados con la falta de equipo de protección personal, sentimientos de miedo y estigma, la necesidad de apoyo psicológico y psiquiátrico y la posibilidad de trastornos mentales posteriores al brote. Conclusión: Todos estos aspectos tienen un impacto directo en la salud mental de los profesionales y exigen el desarrollo de estrategias que minimicen el agotamiento emocional de los trabajadores, teniendo en cuenta que cada país y cultura reacciona de manera diferente a la enfermedad.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as publicações relacionadas com a saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde atuantes diante da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: revisão integrativa que incluiu artigos primários indexados nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct e US National Library of Medicine. A análise descritiva dos resultados foi realizada em quatro categorias analíticas. Resultados: As publicações envolveram aspectos relacionados com a insuficiência de equipamentos de proteção individual, sentimentos de medo e estigma, necessidade de apoio psicológico e psiquiátrico e a possibilidade de transtornos mentais pós-surto. Conclusão: Todos estes aspectos impactam diretamente na saúde mental dos profissionais e demandam o desenvolvimento de estratégias que minimizem o desgaste emocional dos trabalhadores, levando em conta que cada país e cultura reage de forma diferente em relação a doença.

Cognitive Effects of Repeated Acute Exposure to Very High Altitude Among Altitude-Experienced Workers at 5050 m.

Background: We investigated altitude effects on different cognitive domains among perennial shift-workers at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Observatory (5050 m), Chile. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy male workers were recruited and assigned to either a moderate-altitude first (MAF group, Test 1: 2900 m and Test 2: 5050 m) or to a high-altitude first (HAF group, Test 1: 5050 m and Test 2: 2900 m). Test 1 was conducted at the beginning and Test 2 at the end of the shift-work week. Processing speed (RTI, reaction time), attention (AST, attention-switching task, and RVP, rapid visual processing), and executive function (OTS, One Touch Stockings of Cambridge) were assessed. Results: Of the three cognitive domains assessed, only processing speed showed altitude-at-test group interaction (RTI median five choice reaction time: F1, 17 = 6.980, [Formula: see text] = 0.291, p = 0.017). With acclimatization, there was a decrease in AST reaction latency mean (t17 = -2.155, dz = 1.086, p = 0.046), an increase in RVP accuracy (t17 = 2.733, dz = 1.398, p = 0.014), and a decrease in OTS mean latency first choice (t17 = -2.375, dz = 1.211, p = 0.03). Decreased variability in cognitive function was observed in AST reaction latency standard deviation (t17 = -2.524, dz = 1.282, p = 0.022) and in RVP response latency standard deviation (t17 = -2.35, dz = 1.177, p = 0.03) with acclimatization. At 5050 m of elevation, SpO2 was positively correlated with executive function in the MAF group (OTS problems solved on first choice: r(5) = 0.839, p = 0.018) and negatively correlated with executive function latency standard deviations in the HAF group (OTS latency to first choice standard deviation: r(10) = -0.618, p = 0.032). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of acclimatization and improvement of blood oxygen level, even among high altitude-experienced workers, to optimize performance of cognitively demanding work and reduce high altitude-associated health risks.

Analysis of shyness on vocal handicap perceived in school teachers. / Análise da timidez na desvantagem vocal percebida em professores.

PURPOSE: To verify the relation between the self-reported shyness and perceived vocal handicap in teachers from Early childhood and Primary education (elementary and middle school). METHODS: 200 teachers (mean age 41.8 years old) without vocal complaint answered to personal identification protocol, work characterization information, the Vocal Handcap Index and the Shyness Scale. RESULTS: From the total sample, 142 (71%) teachers had no vocal disadvantage, 42% (n = 59) were shy and 58% (n = 83) were non-shy. Among the 58 (29%) teachers with vocal disadvantage, most of them were shy (64%) instead of non-shy (26%). Considering the shy teachers, most of them worked in Early Childhood Education, were aged between 20-30 years old, had from 1 to 10 years of teaching experience and were working in a noisy classroom. The presence of upper airway affections was more frequent in shy teachers without vocal disadvantage and this was the only aspect that differentiated shy and non-shy teachers. CONCLUSION: Shy teachers showed higher frequency of vocal disadvantage when compared to non-shy teachers. Teachers between 20 and 30 years old, with up to 10 years of teaching experience and who teach in Early Childhood Education reported shyness, but there was no relation with vocal disadvantage.

OBJETIVO: Verificar a relação entre a timidez autorreferida e a desvantagem vocal percebida em professores da Educação Infantil e Fundamental I e II. MÉTODO: 200 professores (média de 41,8 anos), sem queixa vocal atual, preencheram 3 protocolos: uma ficha de identificação pessoal e caracterização do trabalho, composta por 11 questões, elaborada pelo Programa de Saúde Vocal do SinproSP; o Índice de Desvantagem Vocal, instrumento de autoavaliação que investiga a autopercepção do impacto de um problema vocal; e a Escala de Timidez, com 14 itens sobre sentimentos e comportamentos comunicativos relacionados ao cotidiano organizacional. RESULTADOS: Do total da amostra, 142 (71%) professores não apresentaram desvantagem vocal, sendo 42% (n=59) professores tímidos e 58% (n=83) não tímidos. Para os 58 (29%) professores que apresentaram desvantagem vocal, houve um maior número de tímidos (64%) do que não tímidos (26%). Entre o total de professores tímidos, houve uma proporção maior destes entre os professores que atuam exclusivamente na Educação Infantil, com faixa etária entre 20-30 anos, formados em até 10 anos e com queixa da presença de ruído na sala de aula. A presença de afecções de vias aéreas superiores foi o único aspecto que diferenciou tímidos com e sem desvantagem vocal, sendo mais frequente nos professores tímidos sem desvantagem vocal. CONCLUSÃO: Professores tímidos percebem mais desvantagem vocal quando comparados aos não tímidos. Os docentes com faixa etária entre 20 e 30 anos, com até 10 anos de formados e que lecionam para Educação Infantil relatam timidez, porém sem associação com a desvantagem vocal.

Association of perceived physical overload at work with pain and disability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a 6-month longitudinal study.

BACKGROUND: Physical overload at work has been described as a risk factor for the development of low back pain. However, few studies have investigated the prognostic value of perceived physical overload at work in patients with chronic low back pain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of perceived physical overload at work with pain and disability over a period of 6 months in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. METHODS: Patients with chronic LBP seeking physiotherapy care were considered eligible. Clinical data collected were: pain intensity, disability, fear of movement, depression and perceived physical overload at work. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate the association of perceived physical workload at work at baseline with pain intensity and disability at 6-month follow-up. The total score and the score for each category of the physical overload at work questionnaire were analyzed separately. RESULTS: Ninety-two patients with chronic low back pain were included in the analysis. The subcategories of the physical overload questionnaire were not significantly associated with pain intensity at 6-month follow-up. However, age, disability at baseline and perceived physical overload related to postures of the trunk (B = -0.60 95% CI - 1.18 to - 0.02) and related to positions of the arms (B = 2.72 95% CI 0.07 to 5.37) were significantly associated with disability at 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: Although perceived physical overload at work was not associated with pain intensity in patients with chronic LBP at 6-month follow-up, we identified a significant association between perceived physical overload related to postures of the trunk and positions of the arms with disability at 6-month follow-up. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.