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1.
J Neurovirol ; 26(6): 980-983, 2020 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32779109

ABSTRACT

We report here a case of a 17-year-old boy with viral encephalitis associated with human parvovirus B19 who presented consciousness disturbance, left hemiparesis, and focal neurologic signs. The diagnosis was based on the specific sequence reads corresponding to human parvovirus B19 (PVB19) in a CSF sample as analyzed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Thus, PVB19 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of encephalitis and encephalopathy of unknown etiology. The introduction of mNGS into the diagnostic protocol of neuropathies, especially for those undiagnosed, could interrogate all genetic information in a biologic sample and facilitate the identification of the etiological agent.


Subject(s)
DNA, Viral/genetics , Encephalitis, Viral/virology , Metagenomics/methods , Paresis/virology , Parvoviridae Infections/virology , Parvovirus B19, Human/genetics , Adolescent , Encephalitis, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , Encephalitis, Viral/diagnostic imaging , Encephalitis, Viral/pathology , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Humans , Incidental Findings , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Paresis/cerebrospinal fluid , Paresis/diagnostic imaging , Paresis/pathology , Parvoviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Parvoviridae Infections/diagnostic imaging , Parvoviridae Infections/pathology , Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification , Parvovirus B19, Human/pathogenicity
2.
Emerg Microbes Infect ; 8(1): 130-138, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30866767

ABSTRACT

Seasonal outbreaks of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) at Gorakhpur, India have been recognized since 2006. So far, the causative agent has not been identified. Use of next generation sequencing identified human parvovirus 4 (HPARV4) sequences in a CSF/plasma pool. These sequences showed highest identity with sequences earlier identified in similar patients from south India. Real-time PCR detected HPARV4 DNA in 20/78 (25.6%) CSF and 6/31 (19.3%) plasma of AES patients. Phylogenetic analysis classified three almost complete genomes and 24 partial NS1 sequences as genotype 2A. The observed association of HPARV4 with AES needs further evaluation. ELISAs for the detection of IgM and IgG antibodies against scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi, OT) showed ∼70% IgM/IgG positivity suggestive of etiologic association. Prospective, comprehensive studies are needed to confirm association of these agents, singly or in combination with AES in Gorakhpur region.


Subject(s)
Acute Febrile Encephalopathy/virology , Disease Outbreaks , Parvoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Parvovirus/isolation & purification , Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods , Acute Febrile Encephalopathy/blood , Acute Febrile Encephalopathy/cerebrospinal fluid , Acute Febrile Encephalopathy/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , DNA, Viral/genetics , Female , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , India/epidemiology , Infant , Male , Parvoviridae Infections/blood , Parvoviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Parvovirus/genetics , Parvovirus/immunology , Phylogeny
3.
Eur J Paediatr Neurol ; 20(4): 588-96, 2016 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27129875

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to describe the prevalence of HSV DNA, VZV DNA, Enterovirus RNA, Parechovirus RNA, CMV DNA, EBV DNA, adenovirus DNA, HHV-6 DNA, HHV-7 DNA, HHV-8 DNA and Parvovirus B19DNA in children aged less 14 years with a suspected viral infection of the central nervous system in a clinical practice setting. METHODS: Between January 2012 and May 2015, cerebrospinal fluids from 304 children were tested with an in-house real-time PCR method. RESULTS: A positive PCR was detected in 64 subjects (21%): the mean number of tests performed in patients who showed a viral infection was 7.5, significantly higher (p = 0.001) with respect to that reported in negative samples (6.4). Enterovirus is the leading virus detected: 12 out of the 37 positive children reported were newborns (85.7% of all the newborns with a positive result). The second most frequently identified virus was HHV-7 (5 positive PCR out of 105 samples tested, 4.8%, if we excluded a child with a concomitant S. pneumoniae isolated), a prevalence significantly higher with respect to VZV (p = 0.02) and to CMV (p = 0.04). HHV-6 was the third most commonly identified aetiology (4.2%). All children were immunocompetent. SIGNIFICANCE: Only a minority of children had a specific viral aetiology identified: the rate of HHV-7 positivity suggests a routine testing of these viruses within the diagnostic algorithm in immunocompetent paediatric patients. This approach could help to define the clinical role of this herpesvirus.


Subject(s)
Central Nervous System Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , DNA, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , RNA, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , Virus Diseases/cerebrospinal fluid , Adenoviridae/genetics , Adenoviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Adenoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Central Nervous System Infections/epidemiology , Central Nervous System Infections/virology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cytomegalovirus/genetics , Cytomegalovirus Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Cytomegalovirus Infections/epidemiology , Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/cerebrospinal fluid , Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/epidemiology , Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster/cerebrospinal fluid , Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster/epidemiology , Enterovirus/genetics , Enterovirus Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Enterovirus Infections/epidemiology , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/epidemiology , Female , Herpes Simplex/genetics , Herpesviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Herpesviridae Infections/epidemiology , Herpesvirus 3, Human/genetics , Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics , Herpesvirus 6, Human/genetics , Herpesvirus 7, Human/genetics , Herpesvirus 8, Human/genetics , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Italy/epidemiology , Male , Parechovirus/genetics , Parvoviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Parvoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Parvovirus B19, Human/genetics , Picornaviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology , Prevalence , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Retrospective Studies , Roseolovirus Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Roseolovirus Infections/epidemiology , Virus Diseases/epidemiology , Virus Diseases/virology
4.
Clin Infect Dis ; 47(3): 385-7, 2008 Aug 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18558883

ABSTRACT

A case of meningoencephalitis, associated with persistent parvovirus B19 infection, is described in a 36-year-old immunocompetent woman. Parvovirus B19 DNA was detected in samples of cerebrospinal fluid and serum; no parvovirus B19-specific clinical symptoms were seen, but neurological episodes were observed in the presence of parvovirus B19 infection and despite the onset of a specific immune response.


Subject(s)
Anemia/virology , Meningoencephalitis/diagnosis , Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification , Adult , Female , Humans , Meningoencephalitis/cerebrospinal fluid , Paresthesia/virology , Parvoviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid
5.
Lancet ; 358(9283): 729-30, 2001 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11551584

ABSTRACT

To find out the incidence and clinical presentation of parvovirus B19 meningoencephalitis, we tested samples of cerebrospinal fluid from 162 patients (one from each patient) with undiagnosed meningoencephalitis, who presented between March, 1997, and March, 1998 (an outbreak period) using nested PCR for B19 genes. Seven patients were positive; an incidence of 4.3%. Five additional cases of meningoencephalitis were detected from other years. Three patients with underlying disorders (haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Cockayne's syndrome, and Turner's syndrome) died. Neurological sequelae were observed in three surviving patients, all of whom had had striking abnormalities detected on brain scans done during the acute phase.


Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Meningoencephalitis/virology , Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Meningoencephalitis/epidemiology , Meningoencephalitis/physiopathology , Parvoviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Parvoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Parvoviridae Infections/physiopathology , Parvovirus B19, Human/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , United Kingdom/epidemiology
7.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 12(9): 701-4, 1993 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8243488

ABSTRACT

A case in which parvovirus B19 infection persisted over a prolonged period of time in the blood of an immunocompetent patient following an acute infection with meningitis is reported. Using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay the viral genome was detected in cerebrospinal fluid as well as in blood at the time of overt disease and in consecutive blood samples collected for up to nine months.


Subject(s)
Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology , Meningitis, Viral/microbiology , Parvoviridae Infections/microbiology , Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification , Adult , Antibodies, Viral/blood , DNA, Viral/blood , DNA, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Male , Meningitis, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Viral/immunology , Pancytopenia/microbiology , Parvoviridae Infections/cerebrospinal fluid , Parvoviridae Infections/immunology , Parvovirus B19, Human/immunology , Polymerase Chain Reaction
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