ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Goblet cell carcinoma (GCC) is an appendicular neoplasia representing less than 5% of all appendicular tumors, found in 0.3-0.9% of the appendectomies, 35-58% of all appendicular neoplasms, and less than 14% of malign appendix tumors. The most frequent clinical presentation is abdominal pain associated with a picture of acute appendicitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present 3 clinical cases of appendix GCC, 2 subjected to cytoreductory surgery plus intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy and a third, who is currently receiving neoadjuvant treatment with a good response to chemotherapy and who will be offered the same treatment as the first two patients. Given the unpredictable behavior of these tumors, the use of molecular markers could help us to predict their behavior and prognosis. In this context, the TP73 gene would make an interesting putative marker. ∆Np73 has been described as overexpressed in a great variety of tumor types including colon cancer and this up-regulation is associated with a poor prognosis. To evidence its role in this malignancy, we evaluate here the status of ∆Np73 in the primary tumor and normal counterpart tissues, in the metastatic implants and in healthy areas of the peritoneum from the appendicular GCC patients. In addition, we checked the expression levels of this p73 variant in the tumor and normal tissue of 26 patients with colon cancer. RESULTS: Remarkably, 2 patients showed significant ∆Np73 down-regulation in both the primary tumor and the implants. Case 1 presented a fourfold decrease of levels in the primary tumor and 20-fold decrease in the implants. Case 2 showed a seven- and fourfold down-regulation in the primary tumor and implants, respectively. However, Case 3 showed an up-regulation of 53- and threefold in the primary tumor and implants, respectively. CONCLUSION: Goblet cell carcinoma of the appendix is very rate. It tends to seed throughout the peritoneum, making aggressive surgical cytoreduction and chemotherapy viable treatment options. Investigation into the molecular basis of these tumors may improve the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic decisions regarding these patients. ∆Np73 seems a good candidate for further analysis in longer series.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/chemistry , Appendiceal Neoplasms/chemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Goblet Cells/chemistry , Ovarian Neoplasms/chemistry , Peritoneal Neoplasms/chemistry , Tumor Protein p73/analysis , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Appendiceal Neoplasms/pathology , Appendiceal Neoplasms/therapy , Colon/chemistry , Colonic Neoplasms/chemistry , Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures , Down-Regulation , Female , Humans , Hyperthermia, Induced , Male , Middle Aged , Ovarian Neoplasms/secondary , Peritoneal Neoplasms/secondary , Peritoneum/chemistryABSTRACT
Background: Caryocar brasiliense Cambess (Caryocaraceae) is an arboreal plant native of Brasilian Cerrado and its fruit is an important source of food and income for the human population of this region. In addition to using as food, different parts of this tree have great medicinal potential as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antihelmintic. However, the active metabolites those are likely to confer these pharmacological properties healing may also be toxic dependent upon the dose and route of administration. In this quest, the aim of this study was to assess the acute toxicity of aqueous extracts of fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense in mice of both genders. Materials, Methods & Results: The aqueous extracts were obtained by decoction, diluted in water and filtered through membrane. The toxicity of extract of fruit peels (62.5 at 500 mg/kg of body weight (BW) and leaf extract (18.75 mg/kg bw) were evaluated in males and females mice (Mus musculus) Swiss by intraperitoneal route. For 2 control groups were administered injection water. The clinical signs and deaths were recorded up to 14 days after administration. The lethal doses for 10 (LD10) or 50 (LD50) % of population were estimated with Probit regression analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences of mortality frequencies between males and females. The groups treated with the [...]
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Peritoneum/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/toxicity , Saponins/adverse effects , Tannins/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Background: Caryocar brasiliense Cambess (Caryocaraceae) is an arboreal plant native of Brasilian Cerrado and its fruit is an important source of food and income for the human population of this region. In addition to using as food, different parts of this tree have great medicinal potential as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antihelmintic. However, the active metabolites those are likely to confer these pharmacological properties healing may also be toxic dependent upon the dose and route of administration. In this quest, the aim of this study was to assess the acute toxicity of aqueous extracts of fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense in mice of both genders. Materials, Methods & Results: The aqueous extracts were obtained by decoction, diluted in water and filtered through membrane. The toxicity of extract of fruit peels (62.5 at 500 mg/kg of body weight (BW) and leaf extract (18.75 mg/kg bw) were evaluated in males and females mice (Mus musculus) Swiss by intraperitoneal route. For 2 control groups were administered injection water. The clinical signs and deaths were recorded up to 14 days after administration. The lethal doses for 10 (LD10) or 50 (LD50) % of population were estimated with Probit regression analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences of mortality frequencies between males and females. The groups treated with the [...](AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Plants, Medicinal/toxicity , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Peritoneum/chemistry , Saponins/adverse effects , Tannins/adverse effectsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the biocompatibility and biodegradability of a membrane made from porcine peritoneum. METHODS: The membrane (5x5 mm) was inserted in the subcutaneous tissue on the back of 15 mice, which were killed after 1, 3 and 9 weeks (ISO 10993-6). The cellular components of the inflammatory response and degradation of the membrane were analyzed in hematoxylin-eosin-stained histological sections. RESULTS: After one week, mononuclear cells were observed inside the membrane. After three weeks, the material was almost completely absorbed. After nine weeks, there was no presence of material and there were signs of tissue remodeling. There was neither a foreign body reaction nor signs of tissue necrosis. CONCLUSION: The collagen membrane derived from porcine peritoneum is biocompatible and bioabsorbable when implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of mice.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials/pharmacokinetics , Collagen/pharmacokinetics , Guided Tissue Regeneration/methods , Membranes, Artificial , Peritoneum , Subcutaneous Tissue/physiology , Animals , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Collagen/analysis , Materials Testing , Mice , Peritoneum/chemistry , Swine , Time FactorsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the biocompatibility and biodegradability of a membrane made from porcine peritoneum. METHODS: The membrane (5x5 mm) was inserted in the subcutaneous tissue on the back of 15 mice, which were killed after 1, 3 and 9 weeks (ISO 10993-6). The cellular components of the inflammatory response and degradation of the membrane were analyzed in hematoxylin-eosin-stained histological sections. RESULTS: After one week, mononuclear cells were observed inside the membrane. After three weeks, the material was almost completely absorbed. After nine weeks, there was no presence of material and there were signs of tissue remodeling. There was neither a foreign body reaction nor signs of tissue necrosis. CONCLUSION: The collagen membrane derived from porcine peritoneum is biocompatible and bioabsorbable when implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of mice.
OBJETIVO: Investigar a biocompatibilidade e biodegradabilidade de uma membrana feita de peritônio suíno. MÉTODOS: A membrana (5x5 mm) foi inserida no tecido subcutâneo dorsal de 15 camundongos, que foram mortos após uma, três e nove semanas (ISO 10993-6). Os componentes celulares da resposta inflamatória e a degradação da membrana foram analisados em cortes corados em hematoxilina-eosina. RESULTADOS: Após uma semana, células mononucleares foram observadas dentro da membrana. Após três semanas, o material foi quase completamente absorvido. Após nove semanas, não houve presença do material e houve sinais de remodelação tecidual. Não houve reação de corpo estranho nem sinais de necrose tecidual. CONCLUSÃO: A membrana colágena derivada de peritônio suíno é biocompatível e bioabsorvível quando implantada no tecido subcutâneo do camundongo.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacokinetics , Collagen/pharmacokinetics , Guided Tissue Regeneration/methods , Membranes, Artificial , Peritoneum , Subcutaneous Tissue/physiology , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Collagen/analysis , Materials Testing , Peritoneum/chemistry , Swine , Time FactorsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To validate Peyer's patch as an anatomical repair landmark for colorectal surgery in rats and to measure the collagen content in segments of the colon containing or not containing Peyer's patch. METHODS: The distance between Peyer's patch and the peritoneal reflection was measured in forty-five Wistar rats. The colon and rectum were resected for quantification of collagen content by means of computer-assisted image analysis in regions of the colon with and without Peyer's patch. RESULTS: There was great variation in the distance between Peyer's patch and the peritoneal reflection when the male and female rats were considered as a single group (p=0.04). Comparison between the genders showed that the distance between the patch and the peritoneal reflection was greater in female than in male rats (p=0.001). The colonic segment containing Peyer's patch was observed to have lower tissue collagen content than the segment in which this structure was not present (p=0.02). CONCLUSION: Peyer's patch can be indicated as an anatomical repair landmark, and there is a need to study the healing of colorectal anastomoses in rats based on differing quantities of tissue collagen existing in the colonic wall with or without this structure.
Subject(s)
Collagen/analysis , Colon/surgery , Peritoneum/anatomy & histology , Peyer's Patches/anatomy & histology , Rectum/surgery , Analysis of Variance , Anastomosis, Surgical/methods , Anastomosis, Surgical/standards , Animals , Colon/anatomy & histology , Female , Male , Models, Animal , Peritoneum/chemistry , Peyer's Patches/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Rectum/anatomy & histology , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To validate Peyer's patch as an anatomical repair landmark for colorectal surgery in rats and to measure the collagen content in segments of the colon containing or not containing Peyer's patch. METHODS: The distance between Peyer's patch and the peritoneal reflection was measured in forty-five Wistar rats. The colon and rectum were resected for quantification of collagen content by means of computer-assisted image analysis in regions of the colon with and without Peyer's patch. RESULTS: There was great variation in the distance between Peyer's patch and the peritoneal reflection when the male and female rats were considered as a single group (p=0.04). Comparison between the genders showed that the distance between the patch and the peritoneal reflection was greater in female than in male rats (p=0.001). The colonic segment containing Peyer's patch was observed to have lower tissue collagen content than the segment in which this structure was not present (p=0.02). CONCLUSION: Peyer's patch can be indicated as an anatomical repair landmark, and there is a need to study the healing of colorectal anastomoses in rats based on differing quantities of tissue collagen existing in the colonic wall with or without this structure.
OBJETIVO: Validar a placa de Peyer como reparo anatômico para a cirurgia colorretal em ratos e mensurar a quantidade de colágeno em segmentos da parede cólica que contém ou não a placa de Peyer. MÉTODOS: Foi aferida a distância entre a placa de Peyer e a reflexão peritoneal em 45 ratos Wistar. O cólon e o reto foram ressecados, para a quantificação do colágeno, por meio de análise de imagem assistida por computador, em regiões do cólon que continham ou não a placa de Peyer. RESULTADOS: Existe grande variação entre a distância da placa de Peyer e a reflexão peritoneal quando se consideraram os animais de ambos os gêneros como grupo único (p= 0.04), sendo a distância entre a placa e a reflexão peritoneal maior entre as fêmeas (p=0.001). Constatou-se que o segmento cólico que contém a placa de Peyer apresenta conteúdo menor de colágeno quando comparado ao segmento onde a estrutura não estava presente (p=0.02). CONCLUSÃO: A placa de Peyer pode ser indicada como reparo anatômico e no estudo da cicatrização de anastomoses colorretais em ratos, baseado nas diferentes quantidades de colágeno tecidual existente na parede cólica que contém ou não esta estrutura.