ABSTRACT
Expõe caminhos, alianças e disputas por meio dos quais farmacêuticos paulistas buscaram criar espaços de fala, atuação e ensino separados da medicinam, a partir de 1895
Subject(s)
Pharmacists/history , Schools, Pharmacy/history , Education, Pharmacy/history , Ethics, PharmacyABSTRACT
The change in position of homeopathic remedies in the health market produced by the emerging pharmacological paradigm was key to the popularization of homeopathy in Spain. The introduction of specifics and their marketing strategies led to a rise in popular legitimization of homeopathy, and the battles between different professionals created fertile ground for explaining and promoting this doctrine. This article analyzes a contextualized case in Barcelona in the early twentieth century, and explores from different perspectives the new role of pharmacists and medications in spreading homeopathy, centering on strategies for popularizing homeopathic remedies in Spain.
El cambio en la posición que ocupaban los remedios homeopáticos en el mercado de la salud, derivado del emergente paradigma farmacológico, fue clave en la popularización de la homeopatía en España. La introducción de los específicos y sus técnicas de publicidad originó un aumento en la legitimación popular de la homeopatía y encontró en las pugnas entre diferentes profesionales un terreno abonado para la divulgación y la promoción de esta doctrina. El artículo analiza un caso de estudio contextualizado en Barcelona a principios del siglo XX, aproximándose desde diferentes perspectivas al nuevo rol del farmacéutico y el medicamento como divulgadores de la homeopatía y centrándose en las estrategias de la popularización de los remedios homeopáticos en España.
Subject(s)
Drug Industry/history , Homeopathy/history , Pharmacists/history , Advertising/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Pharmacies/history , SpainABSTRACT
Resumen El cambio en la posición que ocupaban los remedios homeopáticos en el mercado de la salud, derivado del emergente paradigma farmacológico, fue clave en la popularización de la homeopatía en España. La introducción de los específicos y sus técnicas de publicidad originó un aumento en la legitimación popular de la homeopatía y encontró en las pugnas entre diferentes profesionales un terreno abonado para la divulgación y la promoción de esta doctrina. El artículo analiza un caso de estudio contextualizado en Barcelona a principios del siglo XX, aproximándose desde diferentes perspectivas al nuevo rol del farmacéutico y el medicamento como divulgadores de la homeopatía y centrándose en las estrategias de la popularización de los remedios homeopáticos en España.
Abstract The change in position of homeopathic remedies in the health market produced by the emerging pharmacological paradigm was key to the popularization of homeopathy in Spain. The introduction of specifics and their marketing strategies led to a rise in popular legitimization of homeopathy, and the battles between different professionals created fertile ground for explaining and promoting this doctrine. This article analyzes a contextualized case in Barcelona in the early twentieth century, and explores from different perspectives the new role of pharmacists and medications in spreading homeopathy, centering on strategies for popularizing homeopathic remedies in Spain.
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Pharmacies/history , Pharmacists/history , Drug Industry/history , Homeopathy/history , Spain , Advertising/historyABSTRACT
This paper analyzes the articles published on chemicals and pharmaceuticals in the Periódico de la Academia de Medicina de Mégico. Through these publications it is possible to illustrate the transformation in the study of medical material of the era. At the same time, it shows discussions held by doctors and pharmacists about scientific news and analysis of local therapeutic resources.
Subject(s)
Chemistry/history , History of Pharmacy , Periodicals as Topic/history , History, 19th Century , Humans , Mexico , Pharmacists/history , Physicians/historyABSTRACT
Pharmaceutical activities during the Second Empire have been neglected by historians of science in recent decades, even though pharmacy was an important discipline in Mexico City. This is shown by analyzing 12 papers published in the Gaceta Médica de México, the journal of the Sociedad Médica de México. Examination of these papers helps us understand the interests, practices and pharmaceutical activities of some of this group's physicians and pharmacists, as well as detailing scientific endorsement of the therapeutic use of Mexican flora. This allows us to trace a historical continuity in the activities of pharmacists in the capital city throughout the nineteenth century. Abstract Pharmaceutical activities during the Second Empire have been neglected by historians of science in recent decades, even though pharmacy was an important discipline in Mexico City. This is shown by analyzing 12 papers published in the Gaceta Médica de México, the journal of the Sociedad Médica de México. Examination of these papers helps us understand the interests, practices and pharmaceutical activities of some of this group's physicians and pharmacists, as well as detailing scientific endorsement of the therapeutic use of Mexican flora. This allows us to trace a historical continuity in the activities of pharmacists in the capital city throughout the nineteenth century.
Subject(s)
History of Pharmacy , Periodicals as Topic/history , Societies, Pharmaceutical/history , Bibliometrics , History, 19th Century , Mexico , Pharmacists/history , Physicians/historyABSTRACT
From the second half of the 19th century, health disciplines went through an institutional and professional restructuring, which progressively altered the guild order that had characterized them to that point. In the case of Pharmacy, this process implied the generation of officially recognized spaces, as the chairs of Pharmacy and Medical Substance, founded during the Establecimiento de Ciencias Médicas (Establishment of Medical Sciences) (1833). In those spaces it was sought to institutionalize knowledge and modern practices related to Pharmacy. In this work we look over the first academic experience of the pharmaceutical community in that new space of instruction, based on the records belonging to the students enrolled in the Establecimiento de Ciencias Médicas from 1833 to 1865, year of the enrollment of the last generation. The information contained in those 163 records displays the way the pharmaceutical field was transformed, after the aforementioned restructuring. The reader will notice the diverse normativity, which regulated the joining of pharmacists to academic life (of which, until then, they were excluded). He will also realize how, among the first students enrolled in the Establecimiento de Ciencias Médicas, said normativity was broke in order to adapt it to the known ways of students and professors. Progressively, the guild instruction would be ousted by the institutional instruction (for example, the years of practice in the drugstores were rejected), so that the guild ways of teaching were changing to turn the pharmacist into an individual of institutional instruction.
Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, las disciplinas de la salud atravesaron por una reestructuración institucional y profesional que progresivamente alteró el orden gremial que las agrupaba. Para el caso de la Farmacia, el proceso implicó la generación de espacios oficialmente reconocidos, como las propias cátedras de Farmacia y de Materia Médica, fundadas en el Establecimiento de Ciencias Médicas (1833). En esos espacios se buscó institucionalizar los saberes y las prácticas modernas relacionadas con la disciplina. En este trabajo se revisa la primera experiencia académica de la comunidad farmacéutica en su nuevo espacio de instrucción, a partir de los expedientes de los estudiantes inscritos en el Establecimiento de Ciencias Médicas de 1833, año de su fundación, a 1865, cuando se inscribió la última generación. La información de los 163 expedientes ilustra las transformaciones ocurridas en el ámbito farmacéutico luego de la reestructuración de su entorno profesional. El lector notará la diversa normatividad que pretendió regular el ingreso de los farmacéuticos a la vida académica de la que hasta entonces estaban excluidos y verá cómo entre los primeros inscritos al Establecimiento de Ciencias Médicas dicha normatividad fue transgredida para adaptarse a las formas ya conocidas por estudiantes y profesores. Progresivamente, la instrucción de tipo gremial sería desplazada por la institucional, al desdeñarse los años de práctica en las boticas, de manera que las formas gremiales de enseñanza se fueron transformando para hacer del farmacéutico un personaje de instrucción institucional.
Subject(s)
Education, Pharmacy/history , History of Pharmacy , Pharmacists/history , Education, Pharmacy/methods , Education, Pharmacy/organization & administration , History, 19th Century , Humans , Mexico , Pharmacists/organization & administration , Pharmacy/organization & administrationABSTRACT
The pharmacist Theodoro Peckolt was one of the most important figures in the history of the chemistry of natural Brazilian products. Like other nineteenth-century pharmacists in Brazil, he developed formulations and sold them at his pharmacy in Rio de Janeiro, and these enjoyed great prestige in the eyes both of the public and the medical community. The article discusses the relation between the illness originally called "opilação" (ancylostomiasis, or hookworm) and nineteenth-century treatment. It focuses especially on Peckolt Pharmacy's "Doliarina and iron powder," a formulation extracted from the Ficus gomelleira rubber plant. One of the article's goals is to use modern methods to analyze Ficus gomelleira and identify the chemical composition of the drug.
Subject(s)
Antinematodal Agents/history , Ficus/chemistry , Hookworm Infections/history , Pharmacies/history , Animals , Antinematodal Agents/chemistry , Antinematodal Agents/therapeutic use , Brazil , History, 19th Century , Hookworm Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Iron/history , Iron/therapeutic use , Pharmacists/historyABSTRACT
Resumo O farmacêutico Theodoro Peckolt é uma das mais importantes figuras da história da química de produtos naturais brasileira. Como outros farmacêuticos do século XIX que atuavam no Brasil, desenvolveu formulações que comercializava em sua farmácia, localizada no Rio de Janeiro, e que tiveram grande prestígio junto à população e à classe médica. O texto apresenta a relação entre a doença identificada inicialmente como opilação e a terapêutica utilizada no século XIX, destacando uma das formulações da Farmácia Peckolt – “Pós de doliarina e ferro”. O produto tem sua origem no látex da espécie Ficus gomelleira(figueira-branca ou gameleira). O artigo tem entre seus objetivos revelar a composição química, feita por métodos modernos de análise do látex deFicus gomelleira.
Abstract The pharmacist Theodoro Peckolt was one of the most important figures in the history of the chemistry of natural Brazilian products. Like other nineteenth-century pharmacists in Brazil, he developed formulations and sold them at his pharmacy in Rio de Janeiro, and these enjoyed great prestige in the eyes both of the public and the medical community. The article discusses the relation between the illness originally called “opilação” (ancylostomiasis, or hookworm) and nineteenth-century treatment. It focuses especially on Peckolt Pharmacy’s “Doliarina and iron powder,” a formulation extracted from the Ficus gomelleira rubber plant. One of the article’s goals is to use modern methods to analyze Ficus gomelleira and identify the chemical composition of the drug.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , History, 19th Century , Pharmacies/history , Ficus/chemistry , Hookworm Infections/history , Antinematodal Agents/history , Pharmacists/history , Brazil , Hookworm Infections/drug therapy , Iron/history , Iron/therapeutic use , Antinematodal Agents/therapeutic use , Antinematodal Agents/chemistryABSTRACT
La Farmacia durante el siglo XIX era una profesión separada de la Medicina, dedicada fundamentalmente a la preparación, conservación y dispensación de medicamentos. Mediante el análisis delos documentos existentes en el Archivo Histórico de la ciudad de Jerez de los Caballeros, se siguió el devenir de los boticarios y farmacéuticos de ese siglo, así como las vicisitudes y problemas que enfrentaron para su asentamiento en la localidad, mediante la presentación de sus títulos ante el Ayuntamiento, y para la apertura de sus respectivas oficinas de farmacia. Se pudo conocer que entre sus obligaciones estuvo el suministro de medicamentos a los enfermos pobres, al hospital, a los presos ya los pacientes militares. El Subdelegado de Farmacia fue el encargado de realizar inspecciones y evitar el intrusismo. Las viudas e hijos menores de los farmacéuticos fallecidos tuvieron el derecho de continuar con la farmacia abierta, siempre que la regentase un boticario autorizado(AU)
Pharmacy was a profession separated from medicine, mainly devoted to preparation, storage and sale of drugs. By analyzing the Historical Files of the city of Jerez de los Caballeros, we studied the evolution of the druggists and pharmacists throughout the 19th century, their misfortunes and problems that faced to settle down in the town when presenting their titles to the Town Hall, and to open their retail pharmacies. Among their duties were the supply of medicines to poor patients, the Hospital, prisoners and military patients. The figure of subdelegate of Pharmacy was given the task of supervision and of avoiding intrusism. The widows and children of deceased pharmacists could continue with the pharmacy, provided that an authorized apothecary agreed to manage it(AU)
Subject(s)
History, 19th Century , Pharmacies/history , Pharmacists/history , SpainABSTRACT
The positions of Pedro Arata, Moisés Santiago Bertoni, Carlos Leonhardt and Guillermo Furlong in the debate about the role of the Society of Jesus in the introduction and development of science in the La Plata region are investigated. Written between 1890 and the late 1950s, these authors' works not only analyze the medical, pharmaceutical and botanical knowledge of the Jesuit missionaries in the 1600s and 1700s, but also evaluate their contribution to scientific thinking in the countries colonized by Spain and Portugal. Their positions foretaste the historiographical debate about the reactionary nature of the Jesuit order and reflections about the contribution made by indigenous knowledge of American pharmacopeia to the knowledge the missionaries took to the continents where they were active.
Subject(s)
Catholicism/history , Missionaries/history , Pharmacists/history , Physicians/history , Brazil , Historiography , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th CenturyABSTRACT
Analisam-se as posições de Pedro Arata, Moisés Santiago Bertoni, Carlos Leonhardt e Guillermo Furlong no debate sobre o papel da Companhia de Jesus na introdução e no desenvolvimento das ciências na América platina. Escritas entre 1890 e fins de 1950, as obras desses autores tanto analisam o conhecimento médico, farmacêutico e botânico dos missionários jesuítas nos séculos XVII e XVIII quanto avaliam a contribuição da Companhia para o pensamento científico nos países de colonização ibérica. Suas posições antecipam o debate historiográfico sobre o reacionarismo da ordem jesuíta e as reflexões sobre a contribuição dos saberes indígenas sobre a farmacopeia americana para o conhecimento que os missionários levaram aos continentes em que atuaram.
The positions of Pedro Arata, Moisés Santiago Bertoni, Carlos Leonhardt and Guillermo Furlong in the debate about the role of the Society of Jesus in the introduction and development of science in the La Plata region are investigated. Written between 1890 and the late 1950s, these authors’ works not only analyze the medical, pharmaceutical and botanical knowledge of the Jesuit missionaries in the 1600s and 1700s, but also evaluate their contribution to scientific thinking in the countries colonized by Spain and Portugal. Their positions foretaste the historiographical debate about the reactionary nature of the Jesuit order and reflections about the contribution made by indigenous knowledge of American pharmacopeia to the knowledge the missionaries took to the continents where they were active.
Subject(s)
History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Catholicism/history , Missionaries/history , Pharmacists/history , Physicians/history , Brazil , HistoriographySubject(s)
Pharmacists/history , Cuba , France , Haiti , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , New OrleansABSTRACT
Se realiza un estudio histórico de la personalidad del reconocido farmacéutico Luis Carlos Bottino Duzán (Santiago de Cuba, 1842-1894) mediante un recorrido por los aspectos de su vida personal y profesional. Se enfatizan sus aportes al desarrollo de la farmacéutica santiaguera en el campo tecnológico, científico e investigativo, gracias a los cuales se convirtió en una figura notoria de la sociedad del siglo XIX de su ciudad natal. También se evalúa su desempeño en su entorno social, pues ocupó diversos cargos en instituciones de reconocido prestigio local y desarrolló otras actividades como la de Agente Consular de Italia en Santiago de Cuba. A ello se le añaden sus nobles sentimientos humanos y la filantropía que le caracterizó
A historical study about the well-known pharmacist Luis Carlos Bottino Duzan (Santiago de Cuba, 1842-1894) was made through an account of his personal and professional life. It emphasized his contributions to the development of pharmaceutics in Santiago in the technological, scientific and research fields, which turned him into an outstanding personality of the 19th century in his home city. It also assessed his performance within his social context, since he held several positions in different locally prestigious institutions and developed other activities such as Consul of Italy to Santiago de Cuba. To all the above-mentioned, it may be added that this pharmacist showed highly human feelings and philanthropy
Subject(s)
Pharmacists/historyABSTRACT
Relembra os momentos marcantes da atuação da entidade, mas também aborda discussões atuais com artigos de renomados professores e pesquisadores sobre o saber farmacêutico no século XXI. (AU)
Subject(s)
Pharmacy/history , History of Medicine , Pharmacists/history , Education, Pharmacy , Public Health/history , Phytotherapy/history , BrazilABSTRACT
Este estudo aborda algumas das estratégias e ações dos farmacêuticos diplomados em São Paulo no fortalecimento de sua profissão, no período que vai da criação do Serviço Sanitário do Estado em 1892 até a fundação da Universidade de São Paulo em 1934. Foram privilegiados a Sociedade Farmacêutica Paulista, a Escola de Farmácia, Odontologia e Obstetrícia de São Paulo e a Farmacopéia Paulista. Foi também traçado um perfil dos profissionais que atuaram no estado nas primeiras décadas da república, no que diz respeito principalmente a origem e formação, a partir dos dados levantados nos Livros de Registro do Exercício Profissional do Serviço Sanitário.
The purpose of this study was to deal some strategies and actions of pharmacists in strengthening their profession in São Paulo, in a period from Serviço Sanitário do Estado origin (1892) to Universidade de São Paulo foundation (1934). It was discussed Sociedade Farmacêutica Paulista, Escola de Farmácia, Odontologia e Obstetrícia de São Paulo and Farmacopéia Paulista. It aims to drawing the profile of pharmacists whom was registered in São Paulo state, between 1892 and 1933, awarded and the school magazine. pharmacopoeia and were treated to trace a profile of professionals working in the early decades regarding the origin and formation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Science/history , Science , Pharmacists/history , Health Personnel/historyABSTRACT
Joaquín Francisco Lastres y Juiz nació en La Habana, Cuba, el 21 de febrero de 1835. Se graduó de Licenciado en Farmacia en la Real Universidad de La Habana en 1856 y de Doctor en la Universidad Central de Madrid en 1858. De inmediato regresó a Cuba y habilitó su título para incorporarse a la docencia en la Facultad de Farmacia, de la cual llegó a ser Decano desde 1880 hasta 1890 y su primer catedrático en ser nombrado Rector. Ocupó esa responsabilidad durante los últimos años de dominación española en Cuba (1890-1898), los cuales fueron extremadamente críticos para la isla y, en consecuencia, para la Universidad. Su hijo, Néstor Lastres y Coppinger, también farmacéutico, fue Comandante del Ejército Libertador durante la contienda de 1895. Joaquín Francisco Lastres era Licenciado en Ciencias Naturales y en Derecho Civil y Canónico y, aunque fue considerado un destacado jurista, solo desarrolló su actividad docente en la especialidad de Farmacia, única en la que ostentaba el grado de Doctor. Al cesar en su cargo de Rector, continuó como catedrático de la Facultad de Farmacia hasta la reforma de la enseñanza de 1900, año en que debió abandonar su actividad docente al no ser ratificado como integrante del claustro universitario. Falleció el 24 de abril de 1910
Joaquín Francisco Lastres and Juiz born in La Habana, Cuba in February 21, 1835. He was Bachelor in Pharmacy in the Real University of La Habana in 1856 and Doctor in the Central University of Madrud in 1858. Immediately, he returned to Cuba authenticating its degree to joining to teaching in the Pharmacy Faculty as dean from 1880 to 1890 and its first professor appointed as Head. Has this responsability during the last years of Spanish Domination in Cuba (1890-1898), which were very critical for the isle and consquently for the University. Its son, Néstor Lastres and Coppinger, also pharmacist was Commandant of Libering Army during the confflict of 1895. Joaquín Francisco Lastres was Bachelor in Natural Sciences and in Civil and Canonical Law, and although he was considered a prominent Jurist, only developed its teaching Pharmacy activity until the education reform of 1900, year in which abandoned its teaching activity due to a negative ratification as member of university staff. He dyed in April 24, 1910
Subject(s)
Pharmacists/history , Pharmacy/history , Universities/historyABSTRACT
A discussão sobre a assistência à saúde prestada pelos farmacêuticos durante o século XIX, na cidade da Rio de Janeiro, a partir de uma elite farmacêutica e médica reunida em associações científico-profissionais próprias, expõe intersubjetividades vivenciadas por esse grupo em torno dos discursos e das ações voltados para a aplicação da terapêutica medicamentosa. Cabe aqui, apresentar uma reflexão sobre as tensões, as alianças ou mesmo depêndencias vivenciadas pricipalmente pelos farmacêuticos em relação ao doutores em medicina, aos droguistas e mesmo ao Estado Imperial ou seus representantes oficiais, no estabelicimento da legislação sanitária e fiscalização do seu cumprimento. (AU)
Subject(s)
History, 19th Century , Public Health/history , History of Medicine , Pharmacists/history , Delivery of Health Care/history , BrazilABSTRACT
Se relacionan los doctores que se graduaron en la Facultad de Farmacia de la Real Universidad de La Habana entre 1880 y 1898, último período universitario bajo control español. Se destacan los que integraron el claustro de esa Facultad y los que màs sobresalieron en el ejercicio de la profesión. Se hace especial referencia a las primeras mujeres que estudiaron y se graduaron de licenciadas y doctoras en Farmacia y de las que habilitaron en Cuba los títulos obtenidos en el extranjero. Se rinde también un merecido homenaje los estudiantes, profesores y graduados de la Facultad de Farmacia que abandonaron sus estudios o el ejercicio de la profesión para incorporarse a la guerra por la independencia de Cuba, iniciada el 24 de febrero de 1895.
Doctors graduated in he Pharmacy Faculty of Real University of Havana between 1880 and 1898 are mentioned, this was the last university period under the Spanich government control. Are emphasized those that were part of the Faculty staff and those more outstanding in exercising of the profession. Authors made a special reference to the first student women graduated of Bachelor and Pharmacy Doctors and those fitted out in Cuba the titles obtained abroad. Also, to pay tribute to students, professors and graduated of Pharmacy Faculty that abandon their studies or the practice of the profession to Cuban Independence War started in February 24, 1895.
Subject(s)
Education, Pharmacy/history , Students, Pharmacy/history , Pharmacists/history , WomenABSTRACT
Slavery was a commerce controlled by foreigners, like physician Robert Proust, pharmacist Gaspar Duprel, and Slave trader Juan. B. Saubot in Ponce. The trading of negroes is evidence since 1816 but intensified in 1824. By 1825, Ponce was full of slaves. It continued fiercely until 1830 supported by local revenue and investments, however, never developed its own. Slavery grew parallel to the development of the "hacienda", and as such, to the wealth of the foreign businessman. These are considered the first golden years of Ponce's and Puerto Rico's economic development, which stimulated overall progress, and social well-being.