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1.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 32: e4140, 2024.
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38865553

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to describe and explore the relationship of loneliness, anxiety and depression with adoption of the caregiver role among individuals caring for people with chronic diseases in Colombia. METHODS: this was an exploratory and cross-sectional study involving 960 primary caregivers of individuals with chronic diseases. We applied the Caregiver Role Adoption Scale, the University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, and the Anxiety and Depression Scale. Principal component and multiple correspondence analyses were performed for clustering. RESULTS: among the participating caregivers, 40.8% reported experiencing depression, 59% reported anxiety, 54.6% reported moderate to severe loneliness, and 88.6% reported satisfactory adoption of the caregiver role. Caregivers who presented basic or insufficient role adoption levels tended to have higher scores for anxiety, depression and loneliness. CONCLUSION: adoption of the caregiver role is a mediator in the anxiety, depression and loneliness levels among caregivers. Strategies aimed at supporting caregivers should include training for the caregiver role to mitigate the negative impacts of anxiety, depression and loneliness. (1) More than half of the caregivers reported moderate or severe anxiety and loneliness. (2) Caregivers with low role adoption levels presented more anxiety, depression and loneliness. (3) Satisfactory adoption of the caregiver role reduces anxiety, depression and loneliness. (4) Role adoption should be intervened to reduce the impact on caregivers' mental health.


Subject(s)
Anxiety , Caregivers , Depression , Loneliness , Humans , Caregivers/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Male , Loneliness/psychology , Female , Depression/epidemiology , Depression/psychology , Middle Aged , Chronic Disease/psychology , Anxiety/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Role , Young Adult
2.
Sex Reprod Healthc ; 40: 100982, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38795653

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how fathers or partners perceive their roles as new parents when confronted with early breastfeeding challenges, how they navigate these difficulties, and the specific type of support they seek from the Child Health Care Centre (CHCC). METHOD: In-depth, individual interviews conducted with 12 partners of women for whom breastfeeding was difficult. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied on the interview data. RESULTS: Interviews resulted in three themes: 1) 'It is a revolutionary time to be a new father' represented a tumultuous time when fathers wanted to be involved in all decisions and part of a strong team with their partners. 2) 'When a breastfeeding problem arose'; fathers questioned the sovereignty of breast milk and began to seek more knowledge. They experienced a strong social norm about breastfeeding that led to feelings of guilt for their partners. They felt helpless when their partners suffered and lacked support. 3) 'Child Health Care Centre's duty'; was instrumental, as knowledge and competence were found to be important for trust. The fathers wanted concrete solutions to breastfeeding problems and more conversations of support with the CHCC nurse. CONCLUSION: Well-educated fathers desire to protect their partners as they experience suffering due to a robust social norm telling them that breastfeeding is best. This can result in them starting to question the sovereignty of breast milk. Fathers need support to help their partners successfully during breastfeeding. They want counselling to strengthen their role as parents and help them build trusting teams with their partners.


Subject(s)
Breast Feeding , Fathers , Humans , Fathers/psychology , Breast Feeding/psychology , Male , Female , Adult , Social Support , Qualitative Research , Role , Interviews as Topic , Spouses/psychology
3.
J Appl Psychol ; 109(8): 1271-1286, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38300540

ABSTRACT

In the face of changes to the work-family environment, the ability to manage role boundaries may be threatened. Drawing on punctuated equilibrium models of system change and cognitive dissonance theory, we extend boundary theory through a conceptual model that explains how and when individuals may tear down and rebuild work and family role boundaries in the mind in order to maintain well-being. We argue that divergent events compel individuals to enact role boundaries inconsistent with those held internally in the mind, resulting in cognitive dissonance. We further argue that high levels of cognitive dissonance past a threshold may trigger a revolutionary change in the deep structure of one's internally drawn role boundaries, resulting in a significant change in the extent to which work and family roles are cognitively segmented or integrated. We also argue that change events that generate lower levels of cognitive dissonance can be mitigated with boundary management tactics that create only incremental changes to work and family role boundaries. Our model advances a dynamic perspective of boundary theory that returns focus to the boundary placement process, which is often overlooked in work-family research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Subject(s)
Cognitive Dissonance , Employment , Humans , Adult , Employment/psychology , Family/psychology , Models, Psychological , Role
4.
Article in English | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-1006832

ABSTRACT

@#Occupational therapists are known to be holistic practitioners who facilitate occupational performance and promote occupational justice. However, limited literature explores the role of the profession for members of the society who identify themselves as lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender (LGBT). This paper analyzes a panel discussion at an international event hosted by a university in the Philippines regarding gender and sexuality. This short report aims to identify the roles of occupational therapists among the LGBT community through the lens of professionals. Upon thematic analysis of the transcription of the discussion, five roles of occupational therapists were identified. These are (1) navigators on the complexity of gender and sexuality, (2) researchers on evidenced-based and practical practices toward the LGBT community, (3) enablers of gender expression among the LGBT community, (4) allies of the LGBT community, and (5) advocates of inclusion in all spaces. It provides actionable approaches for occupational therapists to facilitate gender-affirming healthcare for the LGBT community. Moreover, these findings hold the potential to influence forthcoming policies and educational initiatives for both occupational therapists and allied professionals.


Subject(s)
Role , Occupational Therapy
7.
Enferm. glob ; 22(72): 490-503, oct. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225965

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La salud escolar debe velar por el bienestar integral de la comunidad escolar, fortaleciendo conductas de autocuidado y hábitos saludables a través de la promoción y prevención e investigación en salud. El abordaje holístico que define a la Enfermería hace que la inclusión de la enfermera escolar sea fundamental en los diferentes centros educativos. Objetivo: Analizar los beneficios del rol de la enfermería escolar en base a sus competencias para identificar la necesidad que supone la figura de la enfermería en los colegios.Metodología: Revisión integrativa de la literatura, cualitativa siguiendo las indicaciones de la declaración PRISMA. La búsqueda de las publicaciones se llevó a cabo en las bases de datos Web of Science y MedLine, seleccionándose aquellos artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años en inglés y español. Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 10 artículos. Su análisis muestra las competencias de la enfermera escolar, la perspectiva que tienen los docentes y los padres de la figura de la enfermera escolar, así como la necesidad que aporta a comunidad escolar. Conclusiones: La presencia de la enfermera escolar en los centros educativos garantiza tranquilidad y beneficios para la comunidad, no solo mediante actividades de prevención o asistenciales, sino también mediante estrategias de educación para la salud. Nuestra investigación ha recogido cómo pese a que existe un argumento firme y conciso sobre la importancia de esta figura continúa la lucha por su implantación. (AU)


Introduction: School health must ensure the comprehensive well-being of the school community, strengthening self-care behaviours and healthy habits through promotion and prevention and through health-related research. The holistic approach that defines Nursing makes the inclusion of the school nurse fundamental in the different educational centres.Objective: To analyse the benefits of the role of school nursing based on their remit to identify the need for nurses in schools. Methodology: Integrative review of the literature and qualitative review based on the indications of the PRISMA statement. The search for publications was carried out in the Web of Science and MedLine databases, selecting those articles published in the last 5 years in English and Spanish. Results: A total of 10 articles were included. Their analysis shows the remit of the school nurse, the perspective that teachers and parents have of the school nurse role, as well as the need it represents to the school community.Conclusions: The presence of the school nurse in educational centres ensures tranquillity and benefits for the community, not only through prevention or assistance activities, but also through health education strategies. Our research has revealed how, despite the fact that there is a firm and concise argument regarding the importance of this role, the fight for its establishment continues. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Role , School Nursing , School Health Services , Health Education , Parents , Faculty
9.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e249513, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1431132

ABSTRACT

Este ensaio teórico-reflexivo tem como objetivo discutir sobre as contribuições dos estudos da criminologia e sua crítica para as diversas formas de aprisionamento feminino, e mais atualmente para o encarceramento em massa no sistema prisional, além de abrir espaço para o debate sobre as diferentes perspectivas feministas e as relações com os estudos criminológicos, sobretudo com os posicionamentos da chamada criminologia crítica. Reconhecem-se importantes avanços e conquistas feministas no debate sobre a estruturação masculinizada do direito penal e do seu fazer jurídico, mas também a manutenção de diversas formas de violência de gênero que configuram um sistema penal antropocêntrico, seletivo, racista e discriminatório. Indica-se a urgência de estudos interseccionais que considerem as particularidades e reinvindicações das mulheres no cárcere e suas formas de militância, sobretudo diante de população carcerária feminina composta majoritariamente por mulheres negras, pobres e periféricas. Faz-se visível a necessidade de uma análise dos fatores que atravessam o encarceramento feminino por uma ótica feminista plural, adequada às realidades que se estudam e atenta às múltiplas perspectivas que podem existir dentro do feminismo.(AU)


This theoretical-reflexive essay aims to discuss the contributions of criminological studies and their critique of the various forms of imprisonment of women, and more recently of mass incarceration in the prison system, in addition to opening space for the debate on the different feminist perspectives and their relations with criminological studies, especially with the positions of the so-called critical criminology. Important feminist advances and conquests are recognized in the debate about the masculinized structure of penal law and its legal practice, but also the maintenance of diverse forms of gender violence that configure an anthropocentric, selective, racist, and discriminatory penal system. It indicates the urgency of intersectional studies that consider the particularities and claims of women in prison and their forms of militancy, especially in the face of the female prison population composed mostly of black, poor, and peripheral women. The need for an analysis of the factors that cross women's imprisonment from a plural feminist perspective, adequate to the realities under study and attentive to the multiple perspectives that may exist within feminism, becomes visible.(AU)


Este ensayo teórico-reflexivo pretende discutir las aportaciones de los estudios criminológicos y su crítica a las distintas formas de encarcelamiento femenino, y más recientemente de encarcelamiento masivo en el sistema penitenciario, además de generar debate sobre las distintas perspectivas feministas y sus relaciones con los estudios criminológicos, especialmente con las posiciones de la Criminología Crítica. Se reconocen importantes avances y logros feministas en el debate sobre la estructuración masculinizada del derecho penal y su práctica jurídica, además del mantenimiento de diversas formas de violencia de género que configuran un sistema penal antropocéntrico, selectivo, racista y discriminatorio. Se necesitan estudios interseccionales que consideren las particularidades y reivindicaciones de las mujeres en prisión y sus formas de militancia, principalmente ante la población penitenciaria femenina compuesta mayoritariamente por mujeres negras, pobres y periféricas. Se hace evidente la necesidad de analizar los factores que inciden en el encarcelamiento femenino desde una perspectiva feminista plural, adecuada a las realidades que se estudian y atenta a las múltiples perspectivas que pueden existir dentro del feminismo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Prisons , Feminism , Criminology , Patient Escort Service , Prejudice , Sex Work , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Punishment , Quality of Life , Rape , Rejection, Psychology , Religion , Role , Safety , Sexual Behavior , Social Adjustment , Social Behavior , Social Change , Social Class , Social Problems , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Sociology , Stereotyping , Taboo , Theft , Unemployment , Pregnancy , Poverty Areas , Child Rearing , Demography , Family Characteristics , Hygiene , Family Planning Policy , Witchcraft , Colonialism , Congresses as Topic , Sexuality , Knowledge , Statistics , Crime , Culture , Vandalism , Health Law , State , Government Regulation , Law Enforcement , Vulnerable Populations , Aggression , Racial Groups , Educational Status , Humanization of Assistance , Job Market , Menstrual Hygiene Products , Femininity , Ageism , Racism , Sexism , Social Discrimination , Drug Trafficking , Recidivism , Political Activism , Social Oppression , Sexual Vulnerability , Androcentrism , Freedom , Respect , Civil Society , Gender Role , Intersectional Framework , Citizenship , Family Structure , Correctional Facilities Personnel , Health Promotion , Homicide , Household Work , Human Rights , Malpractice , Menstruation , Morals , Mothers , Motivation
10.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e243766, 2023. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1431119

ABSTRACT

A pandemia da covid-19 impôs transformações no cotidiano mundial, em âmbito micro e macroestrutural. Seu impacto psicológico desestabiliza e evidencia desigualdades e vulnerabilidades psicossociais brasileiras. Configura-se como um estudo de perspectiva crítica, com base na Psicologia Sócio-histórica, com o objetivo de mapear os posicionamentos da Psicologia, vindos de diferentes campos, diante das ações de saúde mental. Para tanto, utiliza-se o site do Conselho Federal de Psicologia para a análise de 62 documentos, que resultaram em dois eixos de produção crítica: 1) a relação da Psicologia com o Conselho Federal de Psicologia; e 2) da Psicologia com a sociedade. Revela-se o abismo social entre segmentos da sociedade brasileira; formas de exclusão da população carcerária; violência doméstica contra as mulheres e as crianças; dificuldades de acesso a estratégias sociais, na educação e na saúde, e de superação dos impasses acirrados com a infecção global pelo novo coronavírus. Conclui-se que a diversidade de públicos, temáticas, áreas de atuação e referenciais teóricos materializa um compromisso crítico e científico da Psicologia.(AU)


The COVID-19 pandemic imposed transformations in the world daily life, at the micro and macrostructural levels. Its psychological impact destabilizes and highlights Brazilian inequalities and psychosocial vulnerabilities. This is a critical perspective study, based in socio-historical Psychology, aiming to map the positions of Psychology, from different fields, in the face of mental health actions. To this end, the Federal Council of Psychology website is utilized to analyze 62 documents, which resulted in two axes of critical production: 1) the relation between Psychology and the Federal Council of Psychology; and 2) Psychology with society. They reveal the social gap between segments of Brazilian society; ways of excluding prison po7pulation; domestic violence against women and children; and difficulties in accessing social strategies, in education and health, and in overcoming impasses aggravated by the global infection by the new coronavirus. In conclusion, the diversity of public, themes, areas of professional performance, and theoretical references materialize Psychology's critical and scientific commitment.(AU)


La pandemia del COVID-19 provocó transformaciones globales en lo cotidiano a nivel micro y macroestructural. Su impacto psicológico desestabiliza y destaca las desigualdades y vulnerabilidades psicosociales en Brasil. Esta es una investigación en la perspectiva crítica, basada en la psicología sociohistórica, con el objetivo de mapear las posiciones de la Psicología, procedentes de diferentes campos, frente a las acciones de salud mental. Para este fin, se utiliza el sitio web del Consejo Federal de Psicología para el análisis de 62 documentos, lo que resultó en dos ejes de producción crítica: 1) la relación de la Psicología con el Consejo Federal de Psicología; y 2) de la Psicología con la sociedad. Se revelan la brecha social entre los segmentos de la sociedad brasileña; las formas de exclusión de la población carcelaria; la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres y los niños; y las dificultades para acceder a las estrategias sociales, en la educación y la salud, para superar los impasses agravados por la infección global por el nuevo coronavirus. Se concluye que la diversidad de públicos, temáticas, áreas de actividad y referentes teóricos materializa un compromiso crítico y científico de la Psicología.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Socioeconomic Factors , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Anxiety , Pain , Pneumonia, Viral , Poverty , Psychology , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Race Relations , Refugees , Research , Role , Safety , Sexual Behavior , Authoritarianism , Social Isolation , Social Problems , Social Sciences , Sports , Torture , Unemployment , Population Characteristics , Food Relief , Ill-Housed Persons , Career Mobility , Marriage , Poverty Areas , Child Abuse , Child Welfare , Quarantine , Public Health , Hunger , Codependency, Psychological , Coronavirus Infections , Combat Disorders , Congresses as Topic , Universal Access to Health Care Services , Crime , Armed Conflicts , Relief, Assistance and Protection in Disasters , Access to Information , Judiciary , State , Dehumanization , Human Rights Abuses , Depression , Developing Countries , Air Pollution , Education , Elder Abuse , Emergencies , Professional Training , Information Technology , Emigrants and Immigrants , Social Marginalization , Help-Seeking Behavior , Physical Abuse , Social Segregation , Gender-Based Violence , Cultural Rights , Access to Essential Medicines and Health Technologies , Adverse Childhood Experiences , Internet-Based Intervention , Psychological Distress , Gender Identity , Emotional Abuse , Food Insecurity , Access to Healthy Foods , Social Status , Social Cohesion , Social Vulnerability , Humanitarian Crisis , Family Support , Family Structure , Residential Segregation , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome , Post-Infectious Disorders , Health Promotion , Human Rights , Jurisprudence , Malpractice
11.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e256598, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1529209

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre arte e vida segundo Vigotski. Para isso, foi realizada uma análise conceitual dos capítulos 1, 7, 9, 10 e 11 da Psicologia da Arte, do capítulo 13 da Psicologia Pedagógica e do texto O significado histórico da crise da Psicologia: Uma investigação metodológica. A pesquisa conceitual consiste na análise semântica dos principais conceitos de uma teoria com o intuito de elucidar seus sentidos ocultos ou confusos e desvendar possíveis contradições e ambiguidades no quadro teórico. Podemos observar que a arte é um fenômeno dialético tanto em sua criação como em seus efeitos. A influência da vida, isto é, da realidade sócio-histórica, na criação artística é indireta, pois ela é sempre mediada pelo psiquismo particular do artista. Já o efeito da arte sobre a vida possibilita que o ser humano se conscientize de sua realidade social e se engaje para mudá-la. A arte é, portanto, transformadora, pois reorganiza o psiquismo e possibilita uma mudança nas condições materiais dos seres humanos.(AU)


This study aims to analyze the relationship between art and life according to Vygotsky. Therefore, a conceptual analysis of chapters 1, 7, 9, 10, and 11 of Psychology of Art, chapter 13 of Educational Psychology and the text The Historical meaning of the Crisis of Psychology: A Methodological Investigation was carried out. Conceptual research consists of the semantic analysis of the main concepts of a theory to elucidate its hidden or confused meanings and to reveal possible contradictions and ambiguities in the theoretical framework. Results show that art is a dialectical phenomenon both in its creation and its effects. The influence of life, that is, of socio-historical reality, on artistic creation is indirect since it is always mediated by the artist's particular psyche. The effect of art on life, on the other hand, allows human beings to become aware of their social reality and engage to change it. Art is, therefore, transformative, as it reorganizes the psyche and enables a change in the material conditions of human beings.(AU)


Este proyecto tuve como objetivo analizar la relación entre el arte y la vida, según Vigotski. Para esto, fue realizado un análisis de los capítulos 1, 7, 9, 10 y 11 de Psicología del arte, del capítulo 13 de Psicología Pedagógica y del texto Él significado histórico de la crisis de la Psicología: una investigación metodológica. La pesquisa conceptual consiste en la analice semántica de los conceptos de una teoría, para aclarar sus significados ocultos o confusos y desvendar contradicciones y ambigüedades em el cuadro teórico. Pudimos observar que, el arte es un fenómeno dialéctico en su creación tanto como en sus efectos. La influencia de la vida, esto es, de la realidad socio-histórica, en la creación artística es indirecta, pues es mediada por el psiquismo particular de lo artista. Así, el efecto del arte sobre la vida habilita que lo ser humano adquiera conciencia de su realidad social y que se comprometa a cambiarla. El arte, consiguientemente, transformadora, pues reorganiza lo psiquismo y habilita un cambio en las condiciones materiales de los seres humanos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Art , Psychology , Life , Social Representation , Paint , Perception , Personality , Personality Development , Philosophy , Architecture , Pleasure-Pain Principle , Politics , Psychology, Social , Psychomotor Agitation , Rejection, Psychology , Religion , Association , Research , Role , Sensation , Social Environment , Spiritualism , Thinking , Transference, Psychology , Unconscious, Psychology , Behavior , Humans , Symbolism , Adaptation, Psychological , Attitude , Catharsis , Comment , Mental Competency , Cognition , Communism , Conflict, Psychological , Congresses as Topic , Expressed Emotion , Self Psychology , Psychotherapeutic Processes , Drawing , Creativity , Cues , Culture , Dancing , Capitalism , Human Characteristics , Abreaction , Drama , Drive , Education , Emotions , Esthetics , Existentialism , Cultural Competency , Resilience, Psychological , Poetry , Pleasure , Social Norms , Science in the Arts , Freedom , Dialectical Behavior Therapy , Egocentrism , Group Processes , History , Individuality , Intelligence , Interpersonal Relations , Literature , Methods , Anthropology , Models, Theoretical , Morale , Motion Pictures , Motivation , Music
12.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e254483, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1440795

ABSTRACT

Compreender as estratégias de resolução de conflitos utilizadas por adolescentes na relação com seus pais é fundamental para entender como ocorre seu desenvolvimento saudável. Este artigo investigou a resolução de conflitos de adolescentes em situações de confronto entre o seu domínio pessoal e o controle parental. 36 adolescentes com idades entre 15 e 17 anos, divididos igualmente conforme o sexo, responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada, que continha quatro situações de conflito hipotéticas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo semântica e a testes não paramétricos. Os resultados foram categorizados em sete estratégias: Assunção de culpa, Submissão, Mentira, Hostilidade, Diálogo/Explicação, Negociação e Outra. A forma predominante de resolução utilizada foi o Diálogo/Explicação, considerada como uma forma recorrente de defender o domínio pessoal. Foram encontradas diferenças em relação ao sexo dos participantes e à situação hipotética. Por fim, os resultados são discutidos em termos de grau de autonomia e tipo de defesa do domínio pessoal.(AU)


Understanding the conflict resolution strategies used by adolescents in their relationship with their parents is fundamental to understanding how their healthy development occurs. This article investigated the resolution of conflicts by adolescents in confrontation situations between their personal domain and parental control. A total of 36 adolescents, aged 15 to 17 years, divided equally according to sex, answered a semi-structured interview that contained four hypothetical conflict situations. Data were subjected to semantic content analysis and non-parametric tests. The results were categorized into seven strategies: Assumption of Guilt, Submission, Lie, Hostility, Dialogue/Explanation, Negotiation, and Other. The predominant form of resolution used was Dialogue/Explanation, considered a recurrent form of defense of the personal domain. Differences were found depending on the participants' gender and the hypothetical situation. Finally, the results are discussed regarding the degree of autonomy and type of defense of the personal domain.(AU)


Enterarse de las estrategias de resolución de conflictos que los adolescentes utilizan en la relación con sus padres es fundamental para comprender cómo ocurre el desarrollo saludable de los adolescentes. A partir de una entrevista semiestructurada, presentamos cuatro situaciones hipotéticas de conflicto que fueron analizadas y respondidas por 36 adolescentes de entre 15 y 17 años, divididos según el género. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis de contenido semántico y a pruebas no paramétricas. Los resultados se categorizaron en siete estrategias de resolución de conflictos: Asunción de culpa, Sumisión, Mentira, Hostilidad, Diálogo/Explicación, Negociación y Otros. La forma de resolución más utilizada fue Diálogo/Explicación, y esta categoría fue una forma de defensa del dominio personal. Asimismo, se encontraron diferencias en función del género de los participantes y conforme la situación hipotética. Los resultados se discuten en términos de grado de autonomía y tipo de defensa del dominio personal.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adolescent , Negotiating , Family Conflict , Anxiety , Orientation , Parent-Child Relations , Personal Satisfaction , Personality , Personality Development , Primary Health Care , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Psychosexual Development , Psychotherapy , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Role , Sex , Authoritarianism , Social Behavior Disorders , Social Change , Social Dominance , Social Environment , Socialization , Stereotyping , Stress, Psychological , Avoidance Learning , Taboo , Temperament , Temperance , Violence , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Career Choice , Attitude , Child Advocacy , Child Welfare , Choice Behavior , Mental Health , Puberty , Adolescent Behavior , Parenting , Intergenerational Relations , Codependency, Psychological , Interview , Communication , Comprehensive Health Care , Privacy , Adult , Sexuality , Conduct Disorder , Feedback, Psychological , Disclosure , Dangerous Behavior , Principle-Based Ethics , Decision Making , Harm Reduction , Moral Development , Dissent and Disputes , Trust , Friends , Adolescent Development , Sexual Development , Dominance-Subordination , Education , Educational Status , Ego , Emotions , Escape Reaction , Fear , Emotional Intelligence , Sense of Coherence , Forgiveness , Protective Factors , Social Norms , Emotional Adjustment , Underage Drinking , Peer Influence , Conservative Treatment , Perfectionism , Cell Phone Use , Incivility , Self-Management , Ethnocentrism , Freedom , Frustration , Psychological Distress , Social Integration , Empowerment , Transtheoretical Model , Disinformation , Social Cohesion , Citizenship , Gestalt Therapy , Family Support , Psychological Well-Being , Guilt , Happiness , Hormones , Hostility , Human Development , Human Rights , Identity Crisis , Individuation , Juvenile Delinquency , Anger , Leisure Activities , Life Change Events , Loneliness , Love , Deception , Morals , Narcissism , Object Attachment
13.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e250951, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1448948

ABSTRACT

Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar e discutir alguns estratagemas psicológicos utilizados por movimentos conservadores e autoritários recentemente difundidos no Brasil - em especial, pelo Movimento Escola sem Partido -, em relação a temas como sexualidade e gênero, que atualmente foram incluídos como essenciais à formação escolar. Com esse propósito, empenhamo-nos em compreender a perspectiva cultural em que se apoiam e o modo como a articulam, ideologicamente, para inviabilizar o debate sobre eles. A partir da análise dos Projetos de Lei 246/2019 e 1859/2015, identificamos estratégias conservadoras que, autoritariamente, deslegitimam sua inclusão na formação escolar. Dentre elas, pareceu-nos urgente investigar a instrumentalização da religião, pois favorece a subordinação da crença religiosa, sobretudo associada ao conservadorismo moral imbricado na tradição cristã brasileira, ao discurso político autoritário. Assim como os movimentos fascistas que, nos Estados Unidos da década de 1930, reivindicavam um ordenamento autoritário e opressor da sociedade por meio do apelo a conteúdos religiosos instrumentalizados para esse fim, atualmente, o discurso religioso também é utilizado como forma de suscitar adesão ao conservadorismo social e político e de justificar preconceitos arraigados. Constatamos que a instrumentalização da religião é uma forma de justificar a permanência de valores conservadores na escola e na sociedade, bem como de reiterar o modelo de família heterossexual monogâmica e a ordem patriarcal. Por meio de estratagemas como esses, os movimentos conservadores e autoritários, articulados em função da negação da diversidade sexual e de gênero, impedem que a escola se constitua como espaço democrático e diverso.(AU)


This paper identifies and discusses the psychological ploys employed by recent conservative and authoritarian movements in Brazil, particularly the School without Party movement, against topics like sexuality and gender, which are currently included as essential to school education. To do so, we sought to understand their cultural basis and how they are ideologically articulated to prevent school debate around these topics. By analyzing Bills 246/2019 and 1859/2015, we identified some conservative strategies that authoritatively delegitimize their inclusion in school education. Chief among them is the instrumentalization of religion, since it favors subordinating religious belief, mainly associated with traditional Christian moral conservatism, to authoritarian political discourse. Similar to the fascist movements in the 1930s United States that claimed an authoritarian and oppressive ordering of society by appealing to religious content, religious speech is currently instrumentalized to encourage social and political conservatism adherence and to justify deep-seated prejudices. Religion instrumentalization is used to justify upholding conservative values at school and in society, as well as to reiterate the monogamous heterosexual family model and patriarchy. Through such ploys, authoritarian and conservative movements, articulated around denying sexual and gender diversity, prevent the school from becoming a democratic and diverse environment.(AU)


Este artículo tiene por objetivo identificar y discutir algunas de las estratagemas psicológicas que utilizan los movimientos conservadores y autoritarios, difundidas recientemente en Brasil, en particular por el Movimiento Escuela sin Partido, con relación a temas como sexualidad y género, que actualmente se incluyeron en la formación escolar. Con este propósito, se pretende comprender la base cultural en la que se han apoyado y cómo la articulan ideológicamente para hacer inviable el debate sobre ellas. A partir de análisis de los Proyectos de Ley 246/2019 y 1859/2015, se identificaron estrategias conservadoras que, autoritariamente, deslegitiman la inclusión de estos temas en la formación escolar. Entre ellas, parece urgente analizar la instrumentalización de la religión, porque favorece la subordinación de la creencia religiosa al discurso político autoritario, sobre todo asociada al conservadurismo moral presente en las vertientes del cristianismo brasileño. Al igual que los movimientos fascistas en los Estados Unidos en los años 1930 que reivindicaban una planificación autoritaria de la sociedad mediante un llamado a contenidos religiosos instrumentalizados, actualmente se utiliza el discurso religioso como forma de promover la adhesión al conservadurismo social y político y de justificar los prejuicios. Se constata que la instrumentalización de la religión es un modo de justificar la permanencia de valores conservadores en la escuela, así como de confirmar el modelo de familia heterosexual monógama y el orden patriarcal. Estos estratagemas que son utilizados por los movimientos conservadores y autoritarios, articulados en función de la negación de la diversidad sexual y de género, impiden que la escuela sea democrática y diversa.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Politics , Religion , Schools , Sexuality , Gender Identity , Political Systems , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Rationalization , Role , Science , Sex Education , Authoritarianism , Social Class , Social Environment , Social Security , Socioeconomic Factors , Stereotyping , Teaching , Thinking , Transsexualism , Mainstreaming, Education , Bisexuality , Technological Development , Mental Health , Ethics Committees , Communism , Cultural Diversity , Feminism , Life , Address , Modernization of the Public Sector , Culture , Capitalism , Public Power , Delivery of Health Care , Democracy , Protestantism , Racial Groups , Reproductive Rights , Economics , Education , Education, Professional , Educational Status , Methodology as a Subject , Population Studies in Public Health , Reproductive Health , Sexism , Mentoring , Fascism , Political Activism , Interdisciplinary Placement , Ethnocentrism , Extremism , Social Oppression , Gender Mainstreaming , Sexual Vulnerability , Gender Norms , Gender Binarism , Gender Studies , Gender-Inclusive Policies , Respect , Public Nondiscrimination Policies , Freedom of Religion , COVID-19 , Government , Hierarchy, Social , Human Rights , Individuality , Lobbying , Morals
14.
J. Health Biol. Sci. (Online) ; 10(1): 1-2, 01/jan./2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1411579

ABSTRACT

Education is a process that is formed from the application of own methods. Some of the nurse teacher's competencies are: influencing the way of acting and thinking about health inside and outside the classroom; breaking bubbles and paradigms that insist on concentrating the same ideas and conceptions on the same object; and inculcating future perspectives that help to sustain the critical consciousness of humanity in the economic, ecological, social, spatial and cultural spheres. We invite these professionals, based on these reflections, to think, rethink and discuss their roles, competencies, and ongoing training.


A educação é um processo que se forma por meio da aplicação de métodos próprios. Algumas das competências do enfermeiro-professor são influenciar a forma de agir e pensar a saúde dentro e fora da sala de aula; romper bolhas e paradigmas que insistem em concentrar as mesmas ideias e concepções sobre um mesmo objeto, e inculcar perspectivas de futuro que ajudem a sustentar a consciência crítica da humanidade nas esferas econômica, ecológica, social, espacial e cultural. Convidamos esses profissionais, por meio dessas reflexões, a pensar, repensar e discutir seu papel, suas competências e sua formação permanente.


Subject(s)
Nursing , Education , Role , Teaching , Faculty , Nurses , Nurses, Male
16.
Rev. chil. ter. ocup ; 23(1): 65-79, jun. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398803

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El contexto sociodemográfico del país ha desafiado a la sociedad un estudio cada vez más acabado de las personas mayores del país. Desde la Terapia Ocupacional surge la necesidad de conocer cuáles son los roles que desempeñan las personas mayores y su satisfacción e interés por involucrarse en éstos, dada la escasa evidencia local en la materia. Material y método: Diseño de corte transversal de tipo cuantitativo. El presente estudio se realiza en la comuna de Puente Alto a 322 personas mayores participantes de programas municipales a quienes se les aplica el Listado de Roles v3 (C) Forma 1. Resultados: Hombres y mujeres tienen la misma jerarquía y similar frecuencia en el desempeño de roles a excepción de los roles de amigo(a), aficionado(a) y participante de organizaciones. Los roles más desempeñados son amo(a) de casa y miembro de familia. Los menos desempeñados son de estudiante, voluntario y trabajador. En ambos géneros se ven altos niveles de satisfacción por los roles desempeñados y existe interés actual por ser amo de casa, amigo y aficionado en el caso de hombres, así como interés por ama de casa, miembro de familia y amiga en mujeres. Conclusión: Las personas mayores participantes mantienen una participación activa a través del desempeño de roles significativos que proveen de alta satisfacción, y tienen interés por desempeñar ciertos roles que como sociedad se podrían fomentar mayormente.


Objective: The actual social and demographic context has challenged society to study elderly people. From occupational therapy, the need arises to know which are the roles that older people play, their satisfaction and interest in getting involved in them, given the scant local evidence on the matter. Method: Quantitative type cross-sectional design. This study is carried out in the Commune of Puente Alto, with 322 older people participating in community programs, to whom the Role Cheklist v3 © Form 1 was applied. Results: Men and women have the same hierarchy and similar frequency in the performance of roles, with exception of the roles of friend, fan and participant in organizations. The most performed roles are housewife and family member. The least performed are student, volunteer and worker. In both genders, high levels of satisfaction are seen for the roles performed and there is current interest in being a housewife, friend and fan in the case of men, as well as interest in being a housewife, family member and friend in women. Conclusion: Older people maintain an active participation in the community through the performance of significant roles, which confirms their motivation to contribute and contribute to society, contradicting the theoretical proposals associated with that old age is a passive and inactive stage.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Personal Satisfaction , Quality of Life , Role , Aging , Occupational Therapy , Sex Factors , Organizations , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors , Checklist
17.
Rev. enferm. vanguard. (En línea) ; 10(1): 3-12, ene.-jun. 2022. gráf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1397760

ABSTRACT

La adopción de rol materno es un método activo y de acrecentamiento que se ejecuta en el tiempo en donde la madre establece un fuerte lazo con su hijo. Objetivo: Reconocer la adopción del rol maternal relacionado al nivel cognitivo sobre cuidados del recién nacido en madres primíparas las cuales acuden al Hospital Regional de Ica ­2020. Material y métodos: Investigación descriptivo, cuantitativo, transversal y relacional. La muestra estuvo integrada por 30 madres primíparas. Muestreo probabilístico por conveniencia. Como instrumento se utilizó un cuestionario validado a nivel regional. Para confiabilidad del instrumento se aplicó una prueba piloto al 10% de la muestra no incluyéndose las madres objeto de estudio. Resultados: El 43,33% de madres mantienen un rol maternal desfavorable, el 40% medianamente favorable y el 16,67% favorable. En cuanto al discernimiento sobre cuidados del recién nacido el 53,34% de madres tenían un nivel malo, el 43,33% tenían un nivel regular y el 3,33% nivel bueno. Conclusiones: Con un 95% de confianza las cifras dan certeza que si hay una relación entre adopción de rol maternal y el nivel cognitivo en las madres primíparas que acuden al Hospital Regional de Ica ­2020. (AU)


The adoption of the maternal role is an active and enhancement method that is executed in the time where the mother establishes a strong bond with her child. Objective: Recognize the adoption of the maternal role related to the cognitive level on newborn care in primiparous mothers who attend the Regional Hospital of Ica -2020. Material and methods: Descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional and relational research. The sample consisted of 30 primiparous mothers. probability sampling for convenience. As an instrument, a questionnaire validated at the regional level was obtained. For the reliability test of the instrument, a pilot test was applied to 10% of the sample, not including the mothers under study. Results:43.33% of mothers maintain an unfavorable maternal role, 40% moderately favorable and 16.67% favorable. Regarding discernment about newborn care, 53.34% of mothers have a bad level, 43.33% have a regular level and 3.33% have a good level. Conclusions:With 95% confidence, the figures give certainty that there is a relationship between the adoption of the maternal role and the cognitive level in first-time mothers who attend the Regional Hospital of Ica -2020. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Parity , Role , Infant, Newborn , Child Care , Mothers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Evaluation Studies as Topic
18.
Rev. SPAGESP ; 23(1): 87-102, jan.-jun. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1356772

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A violência contra a mulher é uma das maiores causas de homicídio no Brasil. Como alternativa de combate surgem os grupos reflexivos de homens. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a experiência de uma equipe multiprofissional na formação de um grupo reflexivo de homens, realizado num Juizado de Violência Doméstica e Familiar Contra Mulher. O grupo formado por nove homens, teve cinco encontros quinzenais, nos quais foram trabalhados: a violência contra mulher, o papel da justiça frente à violência doméstica e familiar, consciência emocional e masculinidades, resolução de conflitos e a Lei Maria da Penha. As conclusões apontam grande adesão dos homens ao grupo, mudanças significativas na compreensão do problema da violência, além de mudanças em seus comportamentos.


ABSTRACT Violence against women is one of the greatest causes of homicide in Brazil. As an alternative for combating this, reflective groups of men emerge. The purpose of this article is to describe the experience of a multi-professional team in forming a reflective group of men, held in a Court of Domestic and Family Violence Against Women. The group formed by nine men had five biweekly meetings in which they discussed: violence against women, the role of justice in the face of domestic and family violence, emotional and masculinity awareness, conflict resolution, and the Maria da Penha Law. The conclusions point to a great commitment of the men to the group, significant changes in the understanding of the problem of violence, besides changes in the behavior of the men.


RESUMEN La violencia contra la mujer es una de las mayores causas de homicidio en Brasil. Como una de las alternativas para contrarrestar el problema surgieron los grupos reflexivos de homens. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la experiencia de un equipo multiprofesional en actuación en un grupo reflexivo de homens, realizado en un Juzgado de violencia domiciliaria y familiar contra mujeres. El grupo fue formado por nueve hombres, tuvo cinco encuentros quincenales, en los cuales fueron trabajados: la violencia contra la mujer, el papel de la justicia frente a la violencia domiciliaria y familiar, la consciencia emocional y masculinidades, resolución de conflictos y la Ley Maria da Penha. Las conclusiones apuntan gran adhesión de los hombres al grupo, mudanzas significativas en la comprensión del problema de la violencia, además de mudanzas en sus comportamientos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Psychotherapy, Group , Role , Domestic Violence , Violence Against Women , Masculinity , Gender Studies
19.
Rev. SPAGESP ; 23(1): 117-130, jan.-jun. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1356774

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma pesquisa teórica em psicanálise sobre a clínica da toxicomania. Trata-se pesquisa teórica em psicanálise, visando a novos encadeamentos conceituais a respeito do tema. O consumo, que se apresenta como toxicômano, é atribuído a um gozo mortífero, dinâmica que visa à satisfação total das pulsões do Sujeito. Concluímos ao longo desse escrito que as dinâmicas de gozo representadas pelo Suplemento e Suplência possuem uma análise diferencial para a compreensão do consumo de drogas. Sugerimos, como contraponto, que o movimento de Alienação e Separação, metaforizado pela dinâmica do Fort-Da, é de grande valia na condução do processo clínico para o tratamento desse Sujeito.


ABSTRACT This study aimed to conduct theoretical research in psychoanalysis on the clinical care for drug addiction. It is theoretical research in psychoanalysis, aiming at new conceptual chains on the theme. The consumption that presents itself as drug addiction is attributed to a deadly enjoyment, a dynamic that aims at the total satisfaction of the individual's drives. We concluded how the dynamics of jouissance represented by Replacement and Supplement play a differential role in comprehending drug consumption. We suggest, as a counterpoint, that the Alienation and Separation movement, which worked as a metaphor in the Fort-Da dynamic, is of great value in conducting the clinical process for the treatment of these individuals.


RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una investigación teórica en psicoanálisis sobre una clínica de drogadicción. Se trata de una investigación teórica en psicoanálisis, apuntando a nuevas cadenas conceptuales sobre el tema. El consumo que se presenta como drogadicto se atribuye a un goce mortal, dinámica que apunta a la satisfacción total de los impulsos del Sujeto. Concluimos a lo largo de este artículo cómo la dinámica del goce representada por el Suplemento y el Reemplazo tiene un papel diferencial en la comprensión del consumo de drogas. Sugerimos, como contrapunto, que el movimiento de Alienación y Separación, metaforizado por la dinámica Fort-Da, es de gran valor en la conducción del proceso clínico para el tratamiento de estos sujetos.


Subject(s)
Personal Satisfaction , Psychoanalysis , Role , Therapeutics , Substance-Related Disorders , Drive , Pleasure
20.
Horm Behav ; 142: 105175, 2022 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35430502

ABSTRACT

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled within-subject study examined the effects of intranasal administration of oxytocin and vasopressin on fathers' sensitive and challenging parenting behaviors. Furthermore, we examined the moderating role of fathers' early childhood experiences. The sample consisted of 70 fathers with their 2- to 12-month-old infants. All fathers were assigned to each of the three experimental sessions (oxytocin, vasopressin, and placebo), on three separate days, with random order and intervening periods of one to two weeks. Sensitive and challenging parenting behaviors (CPB) were observed during a 10-minute free play task. Results showed no effects of vasopressin administration on paternal sensitivity. Fathers in the oxytocin condition were less sensitive than fathers in the placebo condition, and this effect was moderated by fathers' own childhood experiences: Fathers who reported higher levels of experienced parental love withdrawal were less sensitive in the oxytocin condition as compared to the placebo condition, whereas fathers with less experienced parental love withdrawal showed no difference in sensitivity between the oxytocin and placebo condition. No effects were found of oxytocin and vasopressin administration on fathers' CPB. Our results, although partly unexpected, are largely in line with previous literature showing that oxytocin administration can exert negative effects in individuals with adverse childhood experiences.


Subject(s)
Adverse Childhood Experiences , Oxytocin , Parenting , Paternal Behavior , Vasopressins , Administration, Intranasal , Adverse Childhood Experiences/psychology , Fathers , Humans , Infant , Male , Oxytocin/pharmacology , Parenting/psychology , Paternal Behavior/drug effects , Paternal Behavior/psychology , Role , Vasopressins/pharmacology
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