Somatosensory alterations after single-unit dental implant immediate loading: A 1-year follow-up study.

OBJECTIVE: This cohort study aimed to assess the incidence of somatosensory alterations after implant surgery using standardized quantitative and qualitative sensory testing. METHODS: 33 participants with single-tooth loss, undergoing immediate implant loading were included. Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) and Qualitative Sensory Testing (QualST) were conducted at eight time points over a year (baseline to 1 year). Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test were used on QST values and Cochran Q test on QualST. RESULTS: The study revealed significant increase in thermal thresholds overtime. At the operated side, overall Cold Pain Threshold (extraoral: p = 0.030; intraoral: p < 0.001), and Cold Detection Threshold (intraoral: p < 0.001) increased overtime. In contralateral region, maxilla Cold Detection Threshold (extraoral: p = 0.024; intraoral: p = 0.031), Warm Detection Threshold (extraoral: p = 0.026; intraoral: p = 0.047) and overall Cold Pain Threshold (extraoral and intraoral: p < 0.001) also increased. QualST showed extraoral pinprick (p = 0.032) and intraoral pinprick (p = 0.000), cold (p = 0.000) and touch (p = 0.002) stimuli abnormalities overtime. CONCLUSIONS: Somatosensory alterations after implant surgery were detected in both quantitative and qualitative sensory assessments, but rapidly decreased during the first follow-ups, and then continuously until 1-year. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides clinical and controlled evidence on the real effect of the somatosensory alterations overtime, leading to a better understanding of neurosensory behaviour after single-tooth dental implant rehabilitation.

Changes in somatosensory perception induced by trigeminal injury after Maxillofacial Surgical Procedures / Cambios en la percepción somatosensorial inducidos por lesiones trigeminales causadas por procedimientos quirúrgicos maxilofaciales

Abstract Evidence has been reported that shows that somatosensory perception can be altered by a trigeminal injury resulting from maxillofacial surgical procedures. However, the surgical procedures that most frequently cause trigeminal lesions and the risk factors are unknown. In the same way, there is little information on what has been determined in preclinical models of trigeminal injury. This article integrates relevant information on trigeminal injury from both clinical findings and primary basic science studies. This review shows that the age and complexity of surgical procedures are essential to induce orofacial sensory alterations.

Resumen Se han reportado evidencias que demuestran que la percepción somatosensorial puede ser alterada por la lesión trigeminal producto de procedimientos quirúrgicos maxilofaciales. Sin embargo, se desconoce cuáles son los procedimientos quirúrgicos que más frecuentemente producen lesiones trigeminales, y los factores de riesgo. De la misma forma hay poca información sobre lo que se ha determinado en modelos preclínicos de lesión trigeminal. El objetivo de este artículo es integrar información relevante sobre la lesión trigeminal desde los hallazgos clínicos como los principales estudios de ciencia básica. Esta revisión demuestra que la edad y el tipo de procedimiento son fundamentales para inducir alteraciones sensoriales orofaciales, así como los procesos neurobiológicos que subyacen a estos padecimientos.

Casos clínicos de los síndromes de Guillain-Barré y Miller-Fisher relacionados con la COVID-19 / Clinical cases of Guillain-Barré and Miller-Fisher syndromes linked to COVID-19

Introducción: la enfermedad por coronavirus del 2019 (COVID-19), causada por el nuevo coronavirus SARSCoV-2, se ha asociado con el desarrollo de enfermedades neurológicas como el síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) y sus variantes. En el presente trabajo se reportan dos casos de síndromes desmielizantes asociados con la COVID-19. Casos clínicos: hombre de 53 años con SGB y mujer de 29 años con la variante del síndrome de Miller-Fisher (SMF), respectivamente. Ambos presentaron los signos y síntomas neurológicos clásicos de polineuropatía desmielinizante que caracterizan a estos síndromes. De las pruebas bioquímicas paraclínicas, el aumento de proteínas en líquido cefalorraquídeo fue distintiva. La positividad de la RT-qPCR para el SARS-CoV-2 indicó la asociación de los SGB y SMF con la COVID-19. Ambos pacientes se trataron con inmunoglobulina intravenosa y mostraron mejoría. La electromiografía realizada en semanas posteriores aún mostrabaafectación desmielinizante crónica. Conclusión: los casos de los SGB y SMF, junto con otros casos similares reportados en todo el mundo, proporcionan más evidencia para el SARS-CoV-2 como nueva posible etiología de estas raras enfermedades neurológicas.

Background: coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the new coronavirus SARS CoV-2, has been associated with the development of neurological diseases such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its variants. In the present work, two cases of demyelinating syndromes associated with COVID-19 are reported. Clinical cases: 53-year-old male with GBS and and 29-yearold female with Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) variant, respectively. Both patients presented the classic neurological signs and symptoms of demyelinating polyneuropathy that characterizes the syndromes. From the paraclinical biochemical tests, the increase of proteins in cerebrospinal fluid was distinctive. The positivity of the RT-qPCR for SARSCoV-2 suggested the association of GBS and MFS with COVID-19. Both patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin showing improvement. Electromyography performed weeks ahead still showed chronic demyelinating involvement. Conclusion: The cases of GBS and MFS, along with other similar cases reported around the world, provide further evidence for SARS-CoV-2 as a new possible etiology of these rare neurological diseases.

Diagnostic properties of sensitivity changes in patients with maxillofacial fractures: a systematic review

Aim: Verify the accuracy of objective assessments compared to subjective tests in detecting changes in somatosensory perception in individuals affected by maxillofacial trauma. Methods: The review (PROSPERO n ° CRD42019125546) used the databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, LILACS and other bibliographic resources. Prospective and retrospective studies that used objective and subjective methods of assessing facial sensitivity in maxillofacial fractures were included. There was no restriction on language or publication date. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2. Data extraction and analysis were performed using a form developed for the study. Results: 21 studies were included. The clinical objective examination mainly includes assessments of: tactile sensitivity (95.24%) and nociceptive sensitivity (57.14%). The subjective assessment was based on the patient's report, spontaneously (61.90%), guided by structured questionnaires (33.33%) and/or using scales (9.52%) to measure the degree of impairment. In risk of bias assessment, were observed no adequate interpretation and classification of changes in subjective sensitivity, subject to inappropriate analysis of the data. In addition, the studies bring several instruments without standardization for assessing sensory modalities. Conclusion: The objective assessment is a complement to the subjective assessment, using the touch assessment as the main parameter in the profile of the facial peripheral integrity, associated or not with nociceptive assessment. Lack of consensus on the indication of specific instruments for testing is a limiting factor. Thus, based on the studies, is proposed a minimum battery of sensitivity assessment to obtain an overview of the patient's peripheral nervous situation

Occurrence and remission of loss of sensitivity of inferior alveolar nerve in mandibular fractures

ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the occurrence of loss of sensitivity of the inferior alveolar nerve, and to monitor the remission of this change in patients with mandibular fractures subjected to surgical treatment. Methods: patients with mandibular fractures, surgically treated within one year, were prospectively evaluated. Data regarding etiology, fracture location, type and displacement, and surgical access, were obtained. The tactile and thermal tests were applied at eighteen points in the mental region, within a period of six months. Statistical tests were applied to compare the categories of variables and the period of observation (p ≤ 0.050). Results: during the study, 37 patients were included. There were 24 bilateral and 13 unilateral fractures. Sensory changes occurred in 56.8% of the patients in the preoperative period, in 83.8% of the patients, in the postoperative period, and 35.1% of the patients presented complete remission during the final period of the study. Conclusion: sensory changes occurred in about half of the patients, due to the fracture, increasing greatly in the postoperative period, with complete remission in about one third of the cases. The fracture type, degree of displacement and surgical access type influenced the occurrence of sensory alterations.

Comparison of patients with migraine and tension-type headache in terms of somatosensory amplification and health anxiety.

INTRODUCTION: Although it is known that anxiety and depressive disorders frequently accompany migraine and TTH, the role of somatic amplification (SSA) and health anxiety in these diseases is not adequately known. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare SSA and health anxiety in patients with migraine or TTH, and healthy controls and to investigate the relationships between SSA, health anxiety, headache characteristics, anxiety and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Fifty-four migraine, 50 TTH patients from the outpatient unit of the neurology department and 53 healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. The somatosensory amplification scale (SSAS), health anxiety inventory, Beck depression (BDI) and anxiety inventory (BAI) were administered to all participants. RESULTS: The SSAS scores were significantly higher in migraineurs compared with the healthy controls. The health anxiety scores were significantly higher in both migraine and TTH groups. The BDI and BAI scores were also significantly higher in migraine and TTH groups compared with the controls. A significant positive correlation was found between headache frequency and BAI scores, the visual analogue scale scores and SSAS and BDI scores in migraineurs. The SSAS scores were also significantly correlated with the BDI and BAI scores in both of the headache groups. A similar correlation was determined with the health anxiety scores. CONCLUSIONS: While patients with migraine and TTH evalute, taking into account the SSA and health anxiety may contribute to the prognosis and treatment of these diseases.

Comparison of patients with migraine and tension-type headache in terms of somatosensory amplification and health anxiety / Estudo comparativo de pacientes com enxaqueca e cefaleia do tipo tensional em relação à amplificação somatossensorial e à ansiedade associada à saúde

ABSTRACT Although it is known that anxiety and depressive disorders frequently accompany migraine and TTH, the role of somatic amplification (SSA) and health anxiety in these diseases is not adequately known. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare SSA and health anxiety in patients with migraine or TTH, and healthy controls and to investigate the relationships between SSA, health anxiety, headache characteristics, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Methods: Fifty-four migraine, 50 TTH patients from the outpatient unit of the neurology department and 53 healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. The somatosensory amplification scale (SSAS), health anxiety inventory, Beck depression (BDI) and anxiety inventory (BAI) were administered to all participants. Results: The SSAS scores were significantly higher in migraineurs compared with the healthy controls. The health anxiety scores were significantly higher in both migraine and TTH groups. The BDI and BAI scores were also significantly higher in migraine and TTH groups compared with the controls. A significant positive correlation was found between headache frequency and BAI scores, the visual analogue scale scores and SSAS and BDI scores in migraineurs. The SSAS scores were also significantly correlated with the BDI and BAI scores in both of the headache groups. A similar correlation was determined with the health anxiety scores. Conclusions: While patients with migraine and TTH evalute, taking into account the SSA and health anxiety may contribute to the prognosis and treatment of these diseases.

RESUMO Embora se saiba que os distúrbios de ansiedade e depressão frequentemente acompanhem a enxaqueca e a TTH, o papel da amplificação somatossensorial (somatosensory amplification, SSA) e da hipocondria nessas doenças ainda não é bem conhecido. Objetivo: O presente estudo faz uma comparação entre pacientes que sofrem de enxaqueca e TTH com um grupo de controle saudável em termos de SSA e hipocondria e investiga a relação entre os achados e as características da cefaleia, a ansiedade e os sintomas depressivos. Métodos: O estudo incluiu 54 pacientes com enxaqueca, 50 pacientes com TTH e 53 voluntários saudáveis que se cadastraram na clínica de neurologia. A escala de amplificação somatossensorial (somatosensory amplification scale, SSAS), o inventário de hipocondria, o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) e o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI) foram aplicados aos participantes. Resultados: Quando comparados com os controles saudáveis, as pontuações da SSAS dos pacientes com enxaqueca foram significativamente maiores, enquanto as pontuações de hipocondria foram significativamente maiores em ambos os grupos de enxaqueca e TTH. As pontuações do BAI e do BDI foram significativamente maiores em ambos os grupos de pacientes que no grupo de controle. No grupo da enxaqueca, foi identificada uma correlação positiva entre frequência de cefaleia e ansiedade, bem como entre a Escala Analógica Visual (EVA), a SSAS e a depressão. Em ambos os grupos de pacientes, a SSA foi correlacionada positivamente com a depressão e a ansiedade, e uma correlação semelhante foi encontrada entre a SSA e a hipocondria. Conclusão: Em avaliações dessas doenças, a hipocondria e a SSA devem ser levadas em consideração, pois se acredita que essa abordagem possa contribuir positivamente para o prognóstico e tratamento da doença.

Utilização de monofilamentos para avaliação sensorial em pacientes com sequela de Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) - uma revisão sistemática / Use of monofilaments for sensory evaluation in patients with sequelae of stroke - a systematic review

FUNDAMENTO: A estesiometria é um teste quantitativo para avaliar o desempenho tátil sensorial, verificar o grau de sensibilidade cutânea por meio dos monofilamentos de nylon ao toque leve e à pressão. OBJETIVO: Verificar a utilização dos monofilamentos como instrumento de avaliação da sensibilidade de pacientes com sequela de AVE na literatura. MÉTODO: Estudo de revisão sistemática, realizado com artigos indexados na base de dados PubMed, Lilacs e Scielo, sem limitação por data de publicação, sendo a busca realizada no mês de outubro de 2018. RESULTADOS: Foram elencados dezessete estudos, após análise destes, nove foram excluídos por não preencherem os critérios de inclusão, e oito foram lidos na íntegra. Após leitura dos artigos, foram obtidos os dados referentes a: número da amostra, instrumentos de avaliação, se houve ou não intervenção, e a conclusão do estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Por mais promissor que seja o uso dos monofilamentos para avaliação sensorial, esta revisão mostrou que existem poucos estudos avaliando os pacientes com sequela de AVE com este método de avaliação, principalmente estudos clínicos.

BACKGROUND:The esthesiometry is a quantitative test to evaluate the tactile sensory performance, to verify the degree of cutaneous sensitivity through nylon monofilaments to light touch and pressure. OBJECTIVE: To verify the use of monofilaments as a tool to assess the sensitivity of patients with a sequel to stroke in the literature. METHOD: A systematic review study was carried out with articles indexed in the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo database, without limitation by date of publication. The search was carried out in October 2018. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were analyzed, after analyzing nine were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria, and eight were read in full. After reading the articles, data were obtained regarding: sample number, evaluation instruments, whether or not there was intervention, and the conclusion of the study. CONCLUSION: As promising as it may be the use of monofilaments for sensory evaluation, this review showed that there are few studies evaluating patients with sequelae of stroke with this method of evaluation, mainly clinical studies.

Body balance at static posturography in vestibular migraine / Equilíbrio corporal à posturografia estática na migrânea vestibular

Abstract Introduction: Migraine is one of the most frequent and incapacitating headaches, with a high degree of impairment in quality of life. Its association with vestibular symptoms is common, including imbalance and postural instability. Objective: To evaluate the body balance of patients with vestibular migraine through a static posturography test. Methods: An experimental group of 31 patients with a medical diagnosis of vestibular migraine in the intercritical period of the disease, and a control group of 31 healthy individuals, matched for age and gender, were submitted to the eight sensory conditions of the Tetrax Interactive Balance System. The parameters analyzed were: stability index, which measures the amount of sway, global stability and ability to compensate postural modifications; weight distribution index, which compares deviations in weight distribution; synchronization index, which measures the symmetry in the weight distribution; postural sway frequency, which indicates the frequency range with more sway; and fall risk index, which expresses the probability of falls. Results: The stability index was higher in the experimental group in all eight sensory conditions, with a significant difference between the groups in six of them. The weight distribution index was higher in the experimental group in all conditions, with a significant difference in three of them. The number of cases with preferential sway in F2-F4 was significantly higher in the experimental group in three conditions, and in F5-F6 in two, while the fall risk was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion: Patients with vestibular migraine showed compromised body balance at the static posturography test.

Resumo Introdução: Migrânea é uma das cefaleias mais frequentes, incapacitante e com elevado grau de comprometimento na qualidade de vida. É comum sua associação a sintomas vestibulares, inclusive desequilíbrio e instabilidade postural. Objetivo: Avaliar o equilíbrio corporal de pacientes com migrânea vestibular por meio de uma posturografia estática. Método: Foram submetidos às oito condições sensoriais da posturografia do Tetrax Interactive Balance System um grupo experimental de 31 pacientes com diagnóstico médico de migrânea vestibular no período intercrítico da afecção e um grupo controle de 31 indivíduos hígidos pareado quanto à idade e sexo. Os parâmetros analisados foram: índice de estabilidade, que mede a quantidade de oscilação, estabilidade global e habilidade para compensar modificações posturais; índice de distribuição de peso, que compara os desvios na distribuição do peso; índice de sincronização, que mede a simetria na distribuição de peso; frequência de oscilação postural, que aponta a faixa de frequência com mais oscilação; e índice de risco de queda, que expressa à probabilidade de ocorrerem quedas. Resultados: O índice de estabilidade foi maior no grupo experimental em todas as oito condições sensoriais, com diferença significante entre os grupos em seis delas; o índice de distribuição de peso foi maior no grupo experimental em todas as condições, com diferença significante em três delas; o número de casos com oscilação preferencial em F2-F4 foi significantemente maior no grupo experimental em três condições, e, em F5-F6, em duas; o índice de risco de queda foi significantemente maior no grupo experimental do que no grupo controle. Conclusão: Pacientes com migrânea vestibular apresentam comprometimento do equilíbrio corporal à posturografia estática.

Body balance at static posturography in vestibular migraine.

INTRODUCTION: Migraine is one of the most frequent and incapacitating headaches, with a high degree of impairment in quality of life. Its association with vestibular symptoms is common, including imbalance and postural instability. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the body balance of patients with vestibular migraine through a static posturography test. METHODS: An experimental group of 31 patients with a medical diagnosis of vestibular migraine in the intercritical period of the disease, and a control group of 31 healthy individuals, matched for age and gender, were submitted to the eight sensory conditions of the Tetrax Interactive Balance System. The parameters analyzed were: stability index, which measures the amount of sway, global stability and ability to compensate postural modifications; weight distribution index, which compares deviations in weight distribution; synchronization index, which measures the symmetry in the weight distribution; postural sway frequency, which indicates the frequency range with more sway; and fall risk index, which expresses the probability of falls. RESULTS: The stability index was higher in the experimental group in all eight sensory conditions, with a significant difference between the groups in six of them. The weight distribution index was higher in the experimental group in all conditions, with a significant difference in three of them. The number of cases with preferential sway in F2-F4 was significantly higher in the experimental group in three conditions, and in F5-F6 in two, while the fall risk was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Patients with vestibular migraine showed compromised body balance at the static posturography test.

Fatores associados a alteração da percepção sensorial tátil nos pés de pacientes com diabetes mellitus / Facrors associated with altered tactile sensory perception in the feet of patients with diabetes mellitus

A alteração na percepção sensorial tátil é a complicação neurológica e microvascular mais prevalente da diabetes mellitus, sendo frequentemente subnotificada e subtratada, o que pode levar a um aumento no risco de morbidade e mortalidade. É um problema que antecede a neuropatia diabética, uma das principais causas de ulcerações e amputações. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar sinais, sintomas e fatores etiológicos da alteração da percepção sensoril tátil em pacientes com diabetes mellitus. Foi conduzido estudo metodológico em duas etapas: revisão integrativa da literatura e validação clínica com estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa. A revisão integrativa da literatura foi realizada no período de agosto a setembro de 2016, nas principais bases de dados nacionais e internacionais, utilizando os descritores: neuropatias diabéticas, tato, percepção tátil, transtornos da percepção, distúrbios somatossensoriais e enfermagem. De 1371 publicações identificadas, obteve-se uma amostra de 23 estudos que subsidiaram, com as variáveis pertinentes, o instrumento de coleta de dados da etapa clínica. As publicações ocorreram entre 1992 e 2015, com maior produção nos Estados Unidos, com 17,3%. Os estudos (56,5%) foram do tipo transversal, prevalecendo nível de evidência IV (56,5%). A pesquisa clínica foi desenvolvida no ambulatório de endocrinologia do hospital de referência no Município de Campina Grande/PB, no período de maio a outubro de 2017. Foi realizado estudo piloto para determinar a confiabilidade entre avaliadores na coleta de dados utilizando na análise o coeficiente Kappa. O instrumento de coleta de dados continha aspectos sociodemográficos, dados clínicos gerais, a história clínica do diabetes mellitus e avaliação clínica dos pés através de teste do monofilamento de Semmes-Weinstein, teste de sensibilidade dolorosa, teste de sensibilidade vibratória com o diapasão e reflexo aquileu. Foram incluídos no estudo 224 pacientes. A prevalência global de alteração da percepção sensorial tátil foi de 53,1%. Na análise multivariada foi identificado que sexo feminino (p=0,019), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (p=0,002), úlcera prévia (p=0,001), sensação de queimação (p=0,003), rachaduras e fissuras (p=0,017), calosidades (p=0,033) e pé de Charcot (p=0,019) foram associados à presença de alteração da percepção sensorial tátil. Constatou-se uma alta prevalência de alteração na percepção sensorial tátil entre os diabéticos. A identificação precoce de sinais, sintomas e fatores etiológicos podem subsidiar o enfermeiro no planejamento de intervenções baseadas em evidência na prevenção de ulcerações e amputações futuras.(AU)

The change in tactile sensory perception is the most prevalent neurological and microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, often under-reported and under-treated, which may lead to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. It is a problem that predates diabetic neuropathy, a major cause of ulceration and amputation. The objective of this study was to analyze the signs, symptoms and etiological factors of altered tactile sensory perception in patients with diabetes mellitus. A methodological study was conducted in two stages: integrative literature review and clinical validation with a cross - sectional quantitative approach. The integrative literature review was carried out from August to September 2016, in the main national and international databases, using the descriptors: diabetic neuropathies, touch, tactile perception, perceptual disorders, somatosensory disorders and nursing. Of 1371 publications identified, a sample of 23 studies was obtained that subsidized, with the pertinent variables, the instrument of data collection of the clinical stage. The publications occurred between 1992 and 2015, with higher production in the United States, with 17.3%. The studies (56.5%) were of the transverse type, with a level of evidence IV (56.5%). The clinical research was carried out in the endocrinology outpatient clinic of the reference hospital in the city of Campina Grande / PB, from May to October 2017. A pilot study was conducted to determine the reliability among raters in the data collection using the Kappa coefficient . The data collection instrument contained sociodemographic aspects, general clinical data, clinical history of diabetes mellitus and clinical evaluation of the feet through the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test, pain sensitivity test, vibration sensitivity test with tuning fork, and aquileu reflex . A total of 224 patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of altered tactile sensory perception was 53.1%. In the multivariate analysis, the female gender (p = 0.019), type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.002), previous ulcer (p = 0.001), burning sensation (p = 0.003), cracks and fissures (p = 0.033) and Charcot's foot (p = 0.019) were associated with the presence of altered tactile sensory perception. There was a high prevalence of alteration in the tactile sensorial perception among diabetics. Early identification of signs, symptoms, and etiological factors may support nurses in the planning of evidence-based interventions for the prevention of future ulcerations and amputations.(AU)

Compromiso neuropático y autonómico en Enfermedad de Fabry: presentación de casos clínicos / Neuropathy and Fabry's disease: report of five cases

Fabry's disease is an X-linked multisistemic lisosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency or absence in α-Galatosidase A. Symptoms develop early in childhood with small fiber neuropathy, autonomic disorders and skin lesions (angiokeratomas). More severe in males, patients develop over years heart disease (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, bradycardia), proteinuria, renal failure, transient ischemic attacks and stroke, associated with decreased life expectancy. We report five patients with Fabry's disease aged between 21 to 56 years and with family history. Neuropathic symptoms are described and neurophysiological testing findings of nerve conduction studies, quantitative sensory testing, autonomic testing and sympathetic skin response are presented.

Effects of mesenchymal stromal cells on type 1 diabetes mellitus rat muscles.

INTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) causes marked skeletal muscle atrophy. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an attractive therapy to avoid diabetic complications because of their ability to modify the microenvironment at sites of tissue injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of MSC transplantation on muscle adaptation caused by diabetes. METHODS: DM was induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and the diabetic animals received systemic MSC transplantation. The von Frey test and footprint analysis were used to assess sensation and sensory motor performance, respectively. Tibialis anterior muscles were investigated by morphology; molecular markers atrogin-1/muscle RING-finger protein-1, nuclear factor κB/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, tumor necrosis-like weak inducer of apoptosis/fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14, myostatin, myogenic differentiation 1, and insulin-like growth factor 1 were also assessed. RESULTS: MSC transplantation improved sensation and walking performance and also decreased muscle fibrosis in DM rats by modulating atrogenes but did not prevent muscle atrophy. DISCUSSION: MSCs can reduce muscle and functional complications that result from type 1 DM in rats. Muscle Nerve 58: 583-591, 2018.

Risk prediction and impaired tactile sensory perception among cancer patients during chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVES: to estimate the prevalence of impaired tactile sensory perception, identify risk factors, and establish a risk prediction model among adult patients receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy. METHOD: historical cohort study based on information obtained from the medical files of 127 patients cared for in the cancer unit of a private hospital in a city in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics, with survival and multivariate analysis by Cox regression. RESULTS: 57% of the 127 patients included in the study developed impaired tactile sensory perception. The independent variables that caused significant impact, together with time elapsed from the beginning of treatment up to the onset of the condition, were: bone, hepatic and regional lymph node metastases; alcoholism; palliative chemotherapy; and discomfort in lower limbs. CONCLUSION: impaired tactile sensory perception was common among adult patients during chemotherapy, indicating the need to implement interventions designed for early identification and treatment of this condition.

Laser Biophotomodulation in Patients with Neurosensory Disturbance of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve After Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the application of photobiomodulation in a 2-year follow-up period in patients who have been intervened with a sagittal ramus split osteotomy and present neurosensory disturbance of the inferior alveolar nerve. BACKGROUND: Photobiomodulation is a common clinical tool in dentistry, for its beneficial effects have been shown in surgical and periodontal wound healing, reducing of swelling and pain, neurosensory recovery, and treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders. METHODS: This is a 2-year follow-up study with an experimental (Laser) group (n = 33) that received photobiomodulation, and a control (Sham) group (n = 9), placebo. All patients from the Laser group received laser applications (continuous wave of 0.353 W/cm2, 27 J in 270 sec per session) on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after surgery. Neurosensory disturbance was evaluated with five tests: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain and sensitivity, sensitivity threshold test, two-point discrimination, and thermal discrimination. All tests were performed before (24 h before surgery) and after surgery (24 h, 28 days, 60 days, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, more than 2 years). Participants and evaluator were blinded to intervention. Variables were described with absolute frequencies, percentages, and medians. Ordinal and dichotomous variables were compared with Mann-Whitney's and Fisher's tests, respectively. RESULTS: Clinical improvement was observed during the follow-up period for the Laser group; general VAS for sensitivity was normal in 11 participants from the Laser group at 2 years postsurgery (40.74%), while no participants from the Sham group achieved this (p = 0.0341). Twenty-three participants recovered initial values for two-point discrimination (69.7%) after 2 years of follow-up (p = 0.0025) as well as sensitivity threshold test. General VAS for pain was normal in 31 patients from the Laser group after 2 years of follow-up (93.94%, p = 0.0254). CONCLUSIONS: Photobiomodulation was effective for neurosensory recovery on sample studied.

[Neuropathy and Fabry's disease. Report of five cases]. / Compromiso neuropático y autonómico en Enfermedad de Fabry: presentación de casos clínicos.

Fabry's disease is an X-linked multisistemic lisosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency or absence in α-Galatosidase A. Symptoms develop early in childhood with small fiber neuropathy, autonomic disorders and skin lesions (angiokeratomas). More severe in males, patients develop over years heart disease (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, bradycardia), proteinuria, renal failure, transient ischemic attacks and stroke, associated with decreased life expectancy. We report five patients with Fabry's disease aged between 21 to 56 years and with family history. Neuropathic symptoms are described and neurophysiological testing findings of nerve conduction studies, quantitative sensory testing, autonomic testing and sympathetic skin response are presented.

Sensitive skin: review of an ascending concept.

Sensitive skin is a condition characterized by stinging, burning and itching sensations. The diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of sensitive skin are still under discussion. In the last years, studies on its epidemiology have been performed, showing a high prevalence and impact on quality of life. Brazilian population was also considered in these studies. Cosmetics, climate changes and skin barrier impairment are the main factors that contribute for skin hyperreactivity. New studies are trying to bring new knowledge about the theme. This review will describe data on epidemiology, triggering factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment.

Sensitive skin: review of an ascending concept

Abstract: Sensitive skin is a condition characterized by stinging, burning and itching sensations. The diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of sensitive skin are still under discussion. In the last years, studies on its epidemiology have been performed, showing a high prevalence and impact on quality of life. Brazilian population was also considered in these studies. Cosmetics, climate changes and skin barrier impairment are the main factors that contribute for skin hyperreactivity. New studies are trying to bring new knowledge about the theme. This review will describe data on epidemiology, triggering factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment.