Ehlers-Danlos/myopathy overlap syndrome caused by a large de novo deletion in COL12A1.

Autosomal dominant and recessive mutations in COL12A1 cause the Ehlers-Danlos/myopathy overlap syndrome. Here, we describe a boy with fetal hypokinesia, severe neonatal weakness, striking hyperlaxity, high arched palate, retrognathia, club feet, and pectus excavatum. His motor development was initially delayed but muscle strength improved with time while hyperlaxity remained very severe causing recurrent joint dislocations. Using trio exome sequencing and a copy number variation (CNV) analysis tool, we identified an in-frame de novo heterozygous deletion of the exons 45 to 54 in the COL12A1 gene. Collagen XII immunostaining on cultured skin fibroblasts demonstrated intracellular retention of collagen XII, supporting the pathogenicity of the deletion. The phenotype of our patient is slightly more severe than other cases with dominantly acting mutations, notably with the presence of fetal hypokinesia. This case highlights the importance of CNVs analysis in the COL12A1 gene in patients with a phenotype suggesting Ehlers-Danlos/myopathy overlap syndrome.

Comparative Evaluation of Orthostatic Hypotension in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy.

INTRODUCTION: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) affects 5-20% of the population. Our study investigates the presence of OH in diabetic nephropathy (DNP) patients and the factors affecting OH in comparison with nondiabetic chronic kidney disease (NDCKD) patients. METHOD: Patients presented to the nephrology clinic, and those who consented were included in the study. DNP was defined by kidney biopsy and/or clinical criteria. NDCKD patients of the same sex, age, and eGFR were matched to DNP patients. Demographic parameters and medications were obtained from the records. OH was determined by Mayo clinic criteria. The same researcher used an electronic device to measure blood pressure (BP). All samples were taken and analyzed the same day for biochemical and hematologic parameters and albuminuria. RESULTS: 112 (51 F, 61 M, mean age: 62.56 ± 9.35 years) DNP and 94 (40 F, 54 M, mean age: 62.23 ± 10.08 years) NDCKD patients were included. There was no significant difference between DNP and NDCKD groups in terms of OH prevalence (70.5 vs. 61.7%, p = 0.181). Male patients had significantly higher OH prevalence than female patients (74.7 vs. 60.0%, p = 0.026). There was no significant difference in change in systolic BP between the groups (24.00 [10.00-32.00] mm Hg vs. 24.00 [13.75-30.25] mm Hg, p = 0.797), but the change in diastolic BP was significantly higher in the DNP group (8.00 [2.00-13.00] mm Hg vs. 6.00 [2.00-9.00] mm Hg, p = 0.025). In the DNP group, patients with OH had significantly higher uric acid levels than those without OH (7.18 ± 1.55 vs. 6.36 ± 1.65 mg/dL, p = 0.017). And, 73.7% of patients on calcium channel blockers developed OH (p = 0.015), and OH developed in 80.6% of 36 patients on alpha-blockers (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION: OH prevalence is very high in CKD, and etiology of CKD does not have a statistically significant effect on the frequency of OH, despite a difference that could be meaningful clinically. Therefore, patients with CKD are checked for OH, with or without concurrent diabetes mellitus. Evaluation of postural BP changes should be a part of nephrology practice.

The Effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak on Medical Students.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has influenced the whole world, where after the first case was diagnosed in Turkey, educational activities were suspended and partial curfews were implemented. This study was conducted to assess the concerns faced by the medical students about their professional life due to the disrupted educational activities and related psychological effects. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey study, conducted with self-administered questionnaires on Bezmialem Vakif University medical students, during the pandemic. The questionnaire consists of queries about demographics, environmental factors, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales. Results: A total of 178 students participated in the study, with a female-to-male ratio of 5:2. Of the total respondents, 19.7% were experiencing severe anxiety, 17.4% moderate anxiety, and 37.1% mild anxiety, according to the GAD-7; and 13.5% of the respondents were experiencing severe depression, 21.9% moderate-severe depression, and 23% mild depression according to the PHQ-9. There was no statistically significant difference between the grades in terms of GAD-7 or PHQ-9 scores. Male participants were more likely to have suicidal thoughts (p = 0.013). According to our study, the factors with the highest influence on students were as follows: "Major changes in personal life," "Disruption in educational activities," and "Covid-19 related anxiety of loss of relatives and contamination or infection." On average, women voted higher points for "Covid-19 related anxiety of loss of relatives and contamination." Conclusions: We found that a significant portion of students regardless of their year in medical school were profoundly affected by the pandemic process as is shown by their anxiety and depression scores. The disruption in educational activities is one of the main factors of these effects, and we believe that these should not be ignored, as they could in the future lead to a series of problems for medical education and students alike.

[Investigating of Relation Between Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Intestinal Microbiota]. / Fibromiyalji Sendromu ile Bagirsak Mikrobiyotasi Arasindaki Iliskinin Arastirilmasi.

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is one of the most frequent forms of chronic widespread pain, with a reported prevalence of 3-10% in the adult population. Clinical presentation of the typical pain and the presence of associated somatic and psychological symptoms form the basis of the diagnosis. FMS is associated with nervous system dysfunction and neurotransmitters act as targets of a number of drugs approved for fibromyalgia. However, although the underlying mechanisms in FMS are not yet known precisely, many hypotheses have been put forward. Considering the relation between fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), altered gut microbiome could be associated with fibromyalgia. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the variation of intestinal microbiome levels in patients with FMS compared to healthy controls. For the investigation of the microbiome, fecal samples were collected from a cohort of 54 patients with FMS and 36 healthy individuals. Those with any mental and/or physical illness in the control group were excluded from the study. The FMS patient group was determined according to the "American College of Rheumatology (ACR)" 2010 diagnostic criteria. The fecal samples were stored at -80°C until use and were thawed on ice; for each extraction, 0.3 g of faeces were weighed. Extraction of DNA was carried out with commercial kit according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Samples were compared using 16S rRNA gene amplification with specific primers of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Enterobacter, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium by the real-time PCR method. According to our results, while the increase of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium was statistically significant (p<0.05), Firmicutes decreased (p<0.001) in the patient group. No statistically significant results were found for Enterobacter, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus (p> 0.05). When the relationship between bacteria was evaluated, a high statistically significance and negative correlation was found between Bacteroidetes and the percentage of Firmicutes (r= -0.778, p<0.001),while a moderate statistical significance and positive correlation was observed between the percentage of Enterobacter and Bifidobacterium (r= 0.460, p= 0.005). The results suggest that the gut microbiota may play a role in fibromyalgia. The balance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla in the gut is known to have important effects on intestinal homeostasis. In summary, it is clear that large-scale further research in larger cohorts will be effective in understanding the relationship between the gut microbiome and FMS and evaluating possible treatment options.

[The Investigation of Acanthamoeba and Other Free Living Amoeba in Swab Samples Obtained from Conjunctiva and Eye Lid]. / Göz Kapaklarindan ve Konjunktivadan Alinan Sürüntü Örneklerinde Acanthamoeba ve Diger Serbest Yasayan Amiplerin Arastirilmasi.

OBJECTIVE: In the study, it is aimed to determine the prevalence of Acanthamoeba and other free-living amoeba (FLA) species in the swab samples obtained from conjunctiva and lower eye lid. METHODS: For this purpose, swab samples from the 500 patients'eye lid and conjunctiva were obtained who admitted to Cumhuriyet University, Research and Application Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology with variety of reasons. Swab samples were carried out using sterile cotton swab in steril tubes. The swab samples were inoculated onto non-nutrient agar (NNA). Live Escherichia coli was used as food source for the growth of the FLA. The NNA plates were incubated at 300C and examined daily using ligth microscope for two weeks. For morphotyping of the trophozoites and cysts of the FLA were used taxonomic keys. RESULTS: Two of the 500 swab samples (0.4%) were positive for FLA. One of them (0.2%) were identified as Acanthamoeba spp. and other was identified as Hartmannella spp. However, these patients did not reveal any complaints yet. CONCLUSION: FLA both themselves and bacteria carrying in their body as reservoirs are potential pathogen. The rapid spread of Acanthamoeba keratitis in recent years reveal that these microorganisms are in contact with the eyes.

Entry mechanisms of herpes simplex virus 1 into murine epidermis: involvement of nectin-1 and herpesvirus entry mediator as cellular receptors.

UNLABELLED: Skin keratinocytes represent a primary entry site for herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in vivo. The cellular proteins nectin-1 and herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) act as efficient receptors for both serotypes of HSV and are sufficient for disease development mediated by HSV-2 in mice. How HSV-1 enters skin and whether both nectin-1 and HVEM are involved are not known. We addressed the impact of nectin-1 during entry of HSV-1 into murine epidermis and investigated the putative contribution of HVEM. Using ex vivo infection of murine epidermis, we showed that HSV-1 entered the basal keratinocytes of the epidermis very efficiently. In nectin-1-deficient epidermis, entry was strongly reduced. Almost no entry was observed, however, in nectin-1-deficient keratinocytes grown in culture. This observation correlated with the presence of HVEM on the keratinocyte surface in epidermis and with the lack of HVEM expression in nectin-1-deficient primary keratinocytes. Our results suggest that nectin-1 is the primary receptor in epidermis, while HVEM has a more limited role. For primary murine keratinocytes, on which nectin-1 acts as a single receptor, electron microscopy suggested that HSV-1 can enter both by direct fusion with the plasma membrane and via endocytic vesicles. Thus, we concluded that nectin-1 directs internalization into keratinocytes via alternative pathways. In summary, HSV-1 entry into epidermis was shown to strongly depend on the presence of nectin-1, but the restricted presence of HVEM can potentially replace nectin-1 as a receptor, illustrating the flexibility employed by HSV-1 to efficiently invade tissue in vivo. IMPORTANCE: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cause a range of diseases in humans, from uncomplicated mucocutaneous lesions to life-threatening infections. The skin is one target tissue of HSV, and the question of how the virus overcomes the protective skin barrier and penetrates into the tissue to reach its receptors is still open. Previous studies analyzing entry into cells grown in vitro revealed nectin-1 and HVEM as HSV receptors. To explore the contributions of nectin-1 and HVEM to entry into a natural target tissue, we established an ex vivo infection model. Using nectin-1- or HVEM-deficient mice, we demonstrated the distinct involvement of nectin-1 and HVEM for HSV-1 entry into epidermis and characterized the internalization pathways. Such advances in understanding the involvement of receptors in tissue are essential preconditions for unraveling HSV invasion of skin, which in turn will allow the development of antiviral reagents.

Isolation and identification of free-living amoebae from tap water in Sivas, Turkey.

The present work focuses on a local survey of free-living amoebae (FLA) that cause opportunistic and nonopportunistic infections in humans. Determining the prevalence of FLA in water sources can shine a light on the need to prevent FLA related illnesses. A total of 150 samples of tap water were collected from six districts of Sivas province. The samples were filtered and seeded on nonnutrient agar containing Escherichia coli spread. Thirty-three (22%) out of 150 samples were found to be positive for FLA. The FLA were identified by morphology and by PCR using 18S rDNA gene. The morphological analysis and partial sequencing of the 18S rDNA gene revealed the presence of three different species, Acanthamoeba castellanii, Acanthamoeba polyphaga, and Hartmannella vermiformis. Naegleria fowleri, Balamuthia mandrillaris, or Sappinia sp. was not isolated during the study. All A. castellanii and A. polyphaga sequence types were found to be genotype T4 that contains most of the pathogenic Acanthamoeba strains. The results indicated the occurrence and distribution of FLA species in tap water in these localities of Sivas, Turkey. Furthermore, the presence of temperature tolerant Acanthamoeba genotype T4 in tap water in the region must be taken into account for health risks.

The cytopathic effects of Trichomonas vaginalis on fibroblast cell culture alone and with C. albicans and E. coli.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, the cytopathic effects of Trichomonas vaginalis were investigated in L929 mouse fibroblast cell cultures (FCC) under different conditions: only parasite, or coexistence with Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. METHODS: The parasite was isolated from a symptomatic patient and cultured in Cysteine-Peptone-Liver infusion Maltose medium (CPLM). C. albicans strain 10235 and E. coli strain 25922 were used in the experiments. Five groups were created and inoculated on FCC. The groups were as follows; only T. vaginalis, C. albicans, E. coli, T. vaginalis+C. albicans and T. vaginalis+E. coli. The plates were incubated for 24 hours and cell viability was examined under an inverted microscope. Each experiment was repeated 11 times. RESULTS: The fibroblast death rate was 19.1%, 21%, 40.9%, 96.5% and 89.6% in the five groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: All fibroblasts were alive in the control group. T. vaginalis showed almost 100% cytopathic effects on FCC with C. albicans and parasites were very motile in this coexistence.

The prevalence, isolation and morphotyping of potentially pathogenic free-living amoebae from tap water and environmental water sources in Sivas.

OBJECTIVE: To our knowledge, there is no study dealing with the prevalence of free-living amoebas (FLA) in water sources in Turkey, previous studies were mostly case presentations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of FLA from tap water and natural water sources in different parts of the city. METHODS: In the study, 250 samples were collected from the city centre, districts and villages. Two litres of water was collected from each source and filtered through a vacuum filtration system. The filter papers were washed in "Page's Amoeba Saline (PAS)" solution and incubated overnight. Filter papers were removed from the tubes and centrifuged; the final pellet was inoculated on non-nutrient agar (NNA) plates. The growth rate of FLA was checked after three days of inoculation and the flagellation test was performed to determine the presence of Naegleria spp. Heat tolerance of isolated strains was checked at 37, 42 and 52°C for the presence of pathogenic Acanthamoeba species. The cyst and trophozoite morphology of amoebas were examined under a light microscope and the genera was identified according to morphotyping keys. RESULTS: FLA were found in 75 (30.0%) of examined water samples. Eleven (4.4%) were identified as Acanthamoeba spp., 25 (10.0%) as Naegleria spp. and 39 (15.6%) as Hartmannella spp. after microscopic examination. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that FLA are common inhabitants of household water as they are in the environment, so their own potential risks as well as transferring bacteria as other pathogens is important for human health.

The prevalence of Pediculus humanus capitis and the coexistence of intestinal parasites in young children in boarding schools in Sivas, Turkey.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Pediculus humanus capitis and the coexistence of intestinal parasites in boarding primary schools in Sivas, Turkey. Seven hundred seventy-two students (350 [45.3%] girls, 422 [54.7%] boys) were evaluated with combing for the presence of head lice, collection of fecal samples, and examination of the perianal region for intestinal parasites using the cellophane tape method. The overall infestation rate for head lice was 6% (n=46). Nine children had evidence of nits only (1.2%), whereas living lice and nits or eggs were found in 37 children (4.8%). Girls were significantly more commonly infested (12.9%) than boys (0.2%). Of the parameters evaluated, socioeconomic level, number of rooms per family, and size and weight of the children were statistically significantly different between the children with and without lice. Although the infestation rate of children with intestinal parasites was higher in the head louse-infested group (23.9%) than in the group of children without lice (17.6%), the differences were not statistically significant.

The investigation of Entamoeba histolytica prevalence in some villages of Sivas by ELISA method.

OBJECTIVE: Humans may be infected with three morphologically identical Entamoeba species; pathogenic E. histolytica, commensal E. moshkowskii and E. dispar. The aim of the present study was to determine the true prevalence of the E. histolytica using native lugol, trichrome staining and a monoclonal antigen detection kit (ELISA kit E. histolytica-II; Techlab, Inc., Blacksburg, VA) among primary school children living in the rural areas around Sivas. METHODS: A total of 1449 stool samples were examined by native lugol and Trichrome staining, and 312 (22%) samples were positive for one or more parasite species. Additionally, 22 (1.5%) stool samples were found to be positive for the presence of E. histolytica/dispar cysts, and these samples were further examined by E. histolytica specific antigen based ELISA. RESULTS: As a result, ELISA test gave negative reactions for all the samples. Also, there was no cross reaction with other luminal protozoa such as E. coli, G. intestinalis, B. hominis and I. butschlii. CONCLUSION: The data reveals that E. histolytica prevalence may be lower than estimated.

[Isolation of Blastocystis spp. from human hosts and in vitro determination of different morphological forms]. / Blastocystis spp.'nin Insandan Izolasyonu ve Besiyerinde Farkli Evrim Sekillerinin Izlenmesi.

OBJECTIVE: Blastocystis is a highly common parasite that infects the gastrointestinal tract of many different organisms. Morphology and the appropriate classification of Blastocystis spp. has only recently been resolved with molecular biological studies. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. among humans and to isolate the parasite from clinical specimens. METHODS: Blastocystis spp. was detected in 0.48% of the stool samples and the positive samples were cultivated in Locke-Egg Serum (LES). During passages inoculums were investigated by direct microscopy and stained with trichrome and iron hematoxylene. RESULTS: Vacuolar and granular forms were the most common in cultures and also the amoeboid form was observed. CONCLUSION: LES medium may be a suitable selection for studies aiming to determine the frequency of Blastocystis spp. and for the diagnosis in routine laboratories.

Dermanyssus gallinae infestation: an unusual cause of scalp pruritus treated with permethrin shampoo.

Dermanyssus gallinae is a blood parasite of wild birds, but it is also a pest in the poultry industry. It occasionally bites mammals and thus rarely creates skin problems such as itching, papules, vesicles, and dermatitis. A 92-year-old man presented with severe itch on his head, particularly at night. He had been misdiagnosed with senile pruritus and treated with antihistamines and topical corticosteroids with temporary relief of the symptoms. On the basis of clinical and parasitological findings, D. gallinae dermatitis was diagnosed. Decontamination of the patient's immediate environment was not helpful. The patient was successfully treated using a 1% permethrin shampoo once a week for 2 weeks. During 3 months of follow-up he was free of symptoms. The case is of significance because most dermatologists have difficulty identifying ectoparasitoses, such as those that arise within new or atypical conditions.

[Seroprevalence of babesiosis in cattle in Sivas]. / Sivas'ta Sigirlarda Babesiosis Seroprevalansi.

The purpose of this study was the investigation of the seroprevalence of babesiosis in cattle in the Sivas region. Serum samples were collected from a total of 240 cattle in the Sivas region. Serum antibodies against Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis for cattle were investigated by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). In addition, blood smears taken from the ear veins of cattle were prepared and examined under microscope. Two hundred and forty cattle from 25 different localities were examined during the period from March-June 2008. During the microscopic examination of 240 blood smears, Babesia sp. were detected in 14 (5.83%) cattle in Sivas region. These cattle also had an antibody reaction to Babesia bigemina or Babesia bovis. Anti-Babesia IgG antibodies were obtained in 32 (13.3%), of 240 cattle for Babesia bovis and in 45 (37.5%), of 120 cattle for Babesia bigemina in Sivas region. Babesiosis is a common disease in cattle in Sivas province.

[Investigation of the relationship between oral and dental health and presence of Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax]. / Agiz ve dis sagligi ile Entamoeba gingivalis ve Trichomonas tenax varligi arasindaki iliskinin arastirilmasi.

OBJECTIVE: Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax can cause gingivitis and scale. In this study, the prevalence of E. gingivalis and T. tenax were investigated among patients who were admitted to the Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry. METHODS: Two scraping samples were taken from 220 patients (ages varying from 12 to 75 years) and a questionnaire including fifteen parameters was applied to all patients. The samples were diluted in Physiological Saline and examined immediately by Tech Lab Entamoeba Kit and Robinson Medium. RESULTS: Oral protozoa were detected in 58 (26.4%) of 220 scraping samples. In 48 (21.8%) of the positive 58 specimens, E. gingivalis was detected alone whereas T. tenax was present in only two (1%) specimens. In 8 (3.6%) specimens, E. gingivalis and T. tenax were identified together. Gender, age groups, dental caries and the number, shape disorders, systemic diseases, tooth pain, joint problems and wisdom teeth were not found to be significant with the presence of oral protozoa. However, gum problems, presence of tartar, smoking habits, brushing habits and control habits were found to be statistically significantly related with the presence of oral protozoa. CONCLUSION: In the present study, E. gingivalis and T. tenax were found to be common. These parasites, with additional parameters, may lead to gingivitis and scale.

Enterobiosis in Sivas, Turkey from past to present, effects on primary school children and potential risk factors.

The prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis and potential risk factors was investigated in 2,230 pupils in Sivas between November 2006 and June 2008. A total of ten primary schools in different regions (4 located in City center, 4 in districts and 2 in villages) were classified as Region 1, Region 2 and Region 3, respectively and children completed a questionnaire about the potential risk factors. The overall egg positivity rate for E. vermicularis was 8.2% in Region 1, and the prevalence in the other regions was 7.0% and 14.8%, respectively. Children, aged 10-14 years, didn't show a significantly higher egg positivity rate than younger children (chi(2): 0.10, p > 0.05) and the infection rate for boys was not statistically different than girls (chi(2):0.40, p > 0.05). The socio-economic status of the family and personal hygiene were found to be associated with enterobiosis, (chi(2):30.83, p < 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that there was a statistically important relation between parasite occurrence and school success (chi(2):39.52, p < 0.05).But there is no difference between the parasitic and non-parasitic groups in terms of weight and height (t: 1.75, p > 0.05, t: 1.43, p > 0.05; respectively). The frequency of enterobiosis is obviously decreased in our region when the previous studies are considered.

[Prevalence of cyst hydatic in slaughtered cattle between April and May 2005 in Sivas]. / Sivas'ta Nisan-Mayis 2005 tarihleri arasinda Kesilen Sigirlarda Kist Hidatik Yayginligi.

The present study was performed on 765 cattle obtained from three different slaughterhouses in Sivas, between April and May of 2005. Livers and lungs of those cattle were investigated for hydatid cysts. Out of 765 cattle, 273 (35.7%) were found to be hydatic cyst positive. On the other hand, 66 (8.6%) out of 765 cattle had hydatid cysts in their livers and 103 (13.5%) out of 765 were found to have cysts only in their lungs. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference in cystic hydatidosis according to gender and age group (p < 0.05). We compared and discussed our results from the point of human health and the loss of protein because of infected organs.

In vitro evaluation of the amoebicidal activity of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on Acanthamoeba castellanii and its cytotoxic potential on corneal cells.

Free-living protozoa of the genus Acanthamoeba can cause one of the most severe, potentially sight-threatening infections of the eye, the so-called A. keratitis. A. keratitis is difficult to treat because, under adverse conditions, the amoeba encyst and medical therapy is often less effective against cysts than against trophozoites. The aim of this study was to investigate evaluate the in vitro effect of the nonpolar subfraction of the methanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) on the growth of A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts and also its cytotoxicity on corneal cells in vitro. Extract was evaluated for its amoebicidal activity, using an inverted light microscope. The effect of the nonpolar extract with the concentrations, ranging from 0.78 to 62.5 mg/mL on the proliferation of A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts, were examined in vitro. For the determination of cytotoxicity of the extract on corneal cells, agar diffusion tests were performed. The present study demonstrates the in vitro effectiveness of the garlic against the A. castellanii growth curve. Evaluations revealed that garlic inhibits trophozoite growth in dose- and time-dependent ways. In the case of the cyctotoxic acitivities, it showed no cytotoxicity for the cornea cells in the concentration of 3.90 mg/mL. These findings indicate that nonpolar subfraction of the methanol extracts of garlic has amoebicidal, as well as its cysticidal, properties on Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts. Garlic alone, and in combination with other amoebicidal agents, may be used in clinical practices after further investigations.

[The incidence of intestinal parasites in the pediatric health and disease service and effect of these parasites on height, weight, anemia and eosinophile values]. / Cocuk Sagligi ve Hastaliklari Servisinde Yatan Hastalarda Bagirsak Paraziti Görülme Sikligi, Parazitlerin Boy, Kilo, Anemi ve Eozinofil Degerleri Uzerine Etkileri.

The presence of intestinal parasites was investigated in a total of one hundred twenty patients who were hospitalized in the Cumhuriyet University Hospital, Pediatric Service, between 1 March and 1 April 2005. Parasites were found in 8 out of 120 (6.7%) patients. Giardia intestinalis was found in 5 (4.2%) of the patients, Enterobius vermicularis in 2 (1.7%), and Taenia sp. in 1 (0.8%). No significant relationships were detected from the standpoint of height, weight and anemia parameters, when patients with parasites were compared to a non-infected group (P > 0.05), but eosinophile findings were high in the group with parasites, and finally, a significant statistical correlation were detected between parasite-eosinophile values (p < 0.05).

[The frequency of intestinal parasites in primary school children in urban and rural regions]. / Sehir, Ilçe ve Köy Ilkögretim Okulu Ogrencilerinde Bagirsak Parazitleri Görülme Sikligi.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in primary school children in Sivas and to consider the changes in frequency and variety of intestinal parasites in the light of previous studies carried out since 1985. Specimens were examined by direct microscopy and staining. In addition, the relationship of intestinal parasites with physical development, success and socio-economic situation was investigated using surveys. Intestinal parasites were found in 191 (26.2%) of 730 stool specimens, 88 (12.9%) of cellophane tape specimens and parasites were found in both types of specimens obtained from 251 (37.1%) out of 677 students. The most common five parasite species were Giardia intestinalis (13.7%), Enterobius vermicularis (12.8%), Entamoeba coli (7.4%), Blastocystis hominis (2.2%) and Hymenolepis nana (1.2%). Intestinal parasites were most frequently detected in the Celtek Village Primary School (50.0%). This school was followed by Imranli YIBO School (45.7%), 60.Yil Primary School (36.3%) and Koyulhisar YIBO (21.3%) School. We found that there was no statistically important relationship between the occurrence of parasites with weight, length and success. It was related to the socioeconomic situation. Furthermore, in this region when the previous studies in similar age groups are considered, a decrease in intestinal parasites frequency and variety was revealed.