Investigation of the effect of combined use of alloplastic-based tricalcium phosphate bone graft and antihemorrhagic plant extract (ABS) on bone regeneration in surgically induced bone defects in nondiabetic rats: an experimental animal study

Background/aim: In this experimental study, we aimed to evaluate the late period effects of the combination of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS), which has bone wound healing effects, and ß-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on the regeneration of bone tissue through histopathological, immunohistochemical, and radiological (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry - DEXA) methods in nondiabetic rats. Materials and methods: Sixty-four Wistar albino male rats were used. In the calvaria of the rats, a bone defect 7.0 mm in diameter was created. These rats were divided into 4 different groups. Group 1 was the control group without any treatment, a 0.125 mL Β-TCP graft was applied to Group 2, a 0.125 mL ABS was applied to Group 3, and a 0.125 mL (ß-TCP + ABS) mixture was applied to group 4. Half of the rats were sacrificed on day 28 and the other half on day 56. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and DEXA analyses of the specimens were performed after the experiment. Results: As a result of the histopathological analysis, osteoblastic activity and new bone formation were found to be significantly higher in Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 than the control group on day 28 (P < 0.05). However, inflammatory cell infiltration and vascular dilatation and hemorrhage decreased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The histopathological analysis in rats on day 56 showed that osteoblastic activity in Group 2 and Group 4 was significantly higher than in the control group, but there was a statistically significant decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration and vascular dilatation and hemorrhage compared to the control group (P < 0.05). New bone formation in Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 was significantly higher than in the control group. Western blotting findings revealed that the osteonectin and osteopontin expression on day 28 was increased significantly in Group 2 and Group 4. DEXA analyses revealed that BMC values in Group 2 and Group 4 on day 28 were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in bone mineral density values on the 28th and 56th days (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The use of both ß-TCP + ABS and only ABS had positive effects on wound healing and bone formation in nondiabetic rats.

Clinical Evaluation of Complications in Implant-Supported Dentures: A 4-Year Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND Implants that can be used in the prosthetic rehabilitation of full and partial edentulous patients are now frequently used due to advances in dentistry. Despite advanced methods of applications, failures and complications can still be seen. The aim of our study was to evaluate clinical prosthetic values and complications that occurred during 4-year follow-up in implant-supported restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study included 40 patients who received oral rehabilitation with an implant-supported prosthesis. A total of 162 implants were placed: 99 in the maxilla and 63 in the mandible. The prosthetic and surgical data were recorded. Data including prosthetic complications and implant loss were recorded and statistically analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. RESULTS In total, 159 implants (98.14%) survived, 3 implants (1.86%) failed, and 100% of the protheses were successful. There were 62 dental implants used as abutments for removable dentures and 97 for fixed dentures. The most frequent prosthetic complications after placement of an implant-supported prosthesis were loss of retention, mucositis, abutment screw loosening, and fracture. Patient satisfaction after prosthesis use was also evaluated, showing that satisfaction was systematically increased. CONCLUSIONS To minimize the frequency of complications, protocols must be established from diagnosis to the completion of treatment and follow-up of implant-supported prostheses, especially in terms of adequate technical steps and careful radiographic evaluation of the components.

Associations of alveolar bone loss and interleukin-1ß levels in one- and two-stage surgical procedures: a randomized prospective trial.

OBJECTIVE: Dental implants have been widely and successfully used in recent years as an alternative treatment for removable and fixed dental prostheses. The aim of this randomized prospective study was to determine the alveolar bone loss rate (ABLR) and IL-1ß levels in one- and two-stage surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 40 patients with a single missing tooth in the posterior mandible; dental implants were inserted using a one-stage surgical procedure (Group I) or a two-stage surgical procedure (Group II). All clinical periodontal parameters were recorded; peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) samples were collected before loading (T0) and during the third (T1) and sixth (T2) months after loading. ABLR values were evaluated at T0 and T2 by using dental tomography. PICF was analysed after T2 samples were collected. The study was registered through clinicaltrials.gov; identifier NCT03045458. RESULTS: This study found that, the probing pocket depth was found to be significantly higher in Group I than Group II at both T1 and T2 (p < .05). There was no significant difference in other clinical parameters between the groups (p > .05). There was a significant difference between Group I ABLR values at T0 and T2 (p < .05). The PICF IL-1ß levels were not significantly different between groups (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of the short observational period and small sample size of this study, two-stage implant placement shows comparable clinical outcomes to implants placed using a one-stage placement protocol.

Is there a relation between dental anxiety, fear and general psychological status?

BACKGROUND: Dental anxiety is a widespread problem in many populations. This problem can be a barrier to dental care and may lead to poor oral health. Dental anxiety may be related to psychological status. AIMS: The aim of the present study was to assess the levels of dental anxiety, dental fear, Beck Depression, and state-trait anxiety according to age, gender and education level in patients at the periodontology clinic in the Diyarbakir Mouth and Dental Health Center. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 231 patients (115 males, 116 females) filled out dental fear scale (DFS), dental anxiety scale (DAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), state-trait anxiety inventory-state (STAI-S), and state-trait anxiety inventory-trait (STAI-T) questionnaires, and evaluations of DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T were conducted according to age, gender, and education level. RESULTS: The mean DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-T, and STAI -S were 45.64, 9.15, 13.16, 38.90, and 40.18, respectively. There was a significant association among DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T (p < 0.05). These surveys scores were significantly higher in females than males (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicated that gender age and education level have important effects on DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Dental anxiety and dental fear were found to be related to psychological status (BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T) over time. There are some patients with unaddressed psychological distress.

Identification of interleukin 2, 6, and 8 levels around miniscrews during orthodontic tooth movement.

The aim of this study was to identify the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-8 around miniscrews used for anchorage during canine distalization. Sixteen patients (eight males and eight females; mean age, 16.6 ± 2.4 years) who were treated with bilateral upper first premolar extractions were included in the study. Thirty-two maxillary miniscrew implants were placed bilaterally in the alveolar bone between the maxillary second premolars and first molars as anchorage units for maxillary canine distalization. Three groups were constructed. The treatment, miniscrew, and control groups consisted of upper canines, miniscrew implants, and upper second premolars, respectively. Peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were obtained at baseline (T1) and at 1 (T2), 24 (T3), and 48 (T4) hours, 7 (T5) and 21 (T6) days, and 3 months (T7) after force application. Paired sample t-tests were used to determine within-group changes and Dunnett's t and Tukey's honestly significant difference tests for between-group multiple comparisons. During the 3 month period, IL-2 levels significantly increased (P < 0.01) but only in the treatment group after 24 hours. IL-6 levels were unchanged at all times points in the three groups. IL-8 levels increased significantly at 1 (P < 0.05), 24 (P < 0.01), and 48 (P < 0.01) hours in the treatment group and at 24 (P < 0.05) and 48 (P < 0.01) hours in the miniscrew group. It appears that miniscrews can be used for anchorage in orthodontics when correct physiological forces are applied.