ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report two cases of acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal bevacizumab injection. METHODS: Two patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration were treated sequentially with an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and developed signs of severe but painless infectious endophthalmitis 2 days later. Vitreous samples were obtained, followed by the injection of vancomycin 1 mg/0.1 ml and ceftazidime 2.25 mg/0.1 ml. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to determine whether the isolated microorganisms were the same. RESULTS: Coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified and isolated from the vitreous specimen of both patients. PFGE revealed different patterns of banding, excluding that interpatient contamination occured. CONCLUSIONS: Infectious endophthalmitis is a potential complication of intravitreal bevacizumab injection.
Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/adverse effects , Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects , Endophthalmitis/chemically induced , Staphylococcal Infections/chemically induced , Acute Disease , Aged, 80 and over , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Bevacizumab , Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Female , Humans , Injections/methods , Macular Degeneration/drug therapy , Male , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Vitreous Body/microbiologyABSTRACT
Since cognitive and behavioural characteristics of paediatric migraine sufferers have yet to be adequately defined, in this study we assessed the effect of migraine on the interictal functioning of children and adolescents by comparing the performance of two patient groups, 17 migraine sufferers with aura (MA) and 31 without aura (MoA) and by correlating the duration of the disorder, the frequency of attacks and interictal period with neuropsychological and behavioural findings. Both patient groups had cognitive performance within normal range except for a significant delay in the reaction time (RT) task. Both MA and MoA revealed a behavioural phenotype characterized by internalizing problems on Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) scales. Slower RT to simple visual stimuli may be an early sign of a subclinical neuropsychological dysfunction, significantly correlated with the frequency of headache attacks and interictal period. The lack of a control group and other methodological limitations, such as patient selection bias and unadjusted P-value for multiple testing, make it difficult to give this finding a clearcut meaning. Further studies are needed on larger samples compared with a control group.
Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders/etiology , Mental Disorders/etiology , Migraine with Aura/complications , Migraine without Aura/complications , Adolescent , Brain/physiopathology , Child , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Migraine with Aura/physiopathology , Migraine without Aura/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests , Prospective Studies , Reaction TimeABSTRACT
Very few studies to date have investigated the neuropsychological changes detectable in children suffering from frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of FLE on cognitive and executive functions in childhood. The sample includes 17 children with a frontal epileptogenic focus (10 right and 7 left), with no evidence of anatomical brain damage. These subjects were assessed by means of a battery of tests to investigate executive functioning. The results emphasised the presence of selective impairments of frontal lobe functions without evidence of deficits in global intellectual functioning. No side-specific deficits were detected, while an earlier onset of epilepsy and the duration of the disorder, but not the seizures frequency, were found to correspond with more severe deficits in some specific frontal lobe functions.
