ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We present the KAP levels and the determinants for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening and management at a private hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A chart review was performed of DM patients to collect the demographics and diabetes related information in June to December 2017. A close ended questionnaire was used that queried knowledge (7), attitude (5) and practice for DR screening (7). RESULTS: Two hundred participants were interviewed half from endocrinology unit and half from the eye clinic. An excellent knowledge of the ophthalmic effects of diabetes was noted in 91 [45.5% (95% Confidence Interval CI 38.6-52.4) of participants. Thirty-eight [19% (95% CI 13.6-24.4)] participants had a positive attitude. None had an excellent grade of practice and poor practice was noted in 168 [74% (95% CI 78.9-89.1)] participants. Longer duration of DM (P = 0.07) and systemic complications (P = 0.06) were associated with good knowledge. Attitude was not significantly associated with any determinants. Good practice was associated with the presence of systemic complications of DM (P < 0.01) and those recruited to the eye clinic (P = 0.06). Only 35% of patients had undergone an annual DR screening. Only 4 patients had a history of laser treatment. CONCLUSION: The KAP of diabetic patients regarding DR screening and management is less than desired. Establishing protocols and public health promotion activities directed at early detection and management are urgently needed in private sectors of Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Ocular hypotony due to choroidal detachment (CD) following endocyclophotocoagulation (ECP) is transient. If hypotony lasts for more than 1 week, it could affect vision. This is a case of refractory glaucoma following cataract surgery that was managed by ECP. We drained subchoroidal fluid as CD did not resolve after 1 week. After 5 months, the intraocular pressure was restored to 16 mmHg with one topical glaucoma medication, uncorrected vision improved to 20/300, and with aphakic soft contact lens, it was 20/50. Ophthalmologists facing such complications need not panic and manage hypotony, and the prognosis of such intervention seems to be promising.
Subject(s)
Choroid Diseases/drug therapy , Ciliary Body/surgery , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Laser Coagulation/adverse effects , Ocular Hypotension/surgery , Vision Disorders/rehabilitation , Visual Acuity/physiology , Adult , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Choroid Diseases/etiology , Choroid Diseases/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Ocular Hypotension/etiology , Ocular Hypotension/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Tonometry, Ocular , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The visual and refractive status were assessed for grade 7 students in seven governorates in Oman. The health records were reviewed to assess the rationale for their previous school-based vision screening. METHODS: A representative sample of 7(th) grade students with a refractive error (RE) was examined by optometrists in 2012. Their compliance with spectacle wear was also reviewed. Each student's vision and refractive status in grades 1 and 4 were compared with the status in grade 7. Each student's use of eye care services between grade 4 and 7 was evaluated to determine the uptake of existing eye services for vision problems. RESULTS: This study had 286, 7(th) grade students with RE (myopia [94%], hyperopia [4%] and astigmatism [>1D] [2%]). The types of RE between genders in each grade were not significant (P > 0.05). During their vision screening when they were in grade 4, 5 of 13 moderate myopes (>-2D to - 6D) and 3 of 4 high myopes (>-6D) were detected and managed. Ten students with moderate and high myopia were already using spectacles before they were screened in grade 7. The compliance for spectacle wear was 62% in grade 7. Between grades, 4 and 7, 140 (49%) students did not visit eye clinics or an optician. CONCLUSIONS: Refractive services in grade 4 were an additional initiative from the eye health care systems in Oman to the actual World Health Organization recommendations of conducting vision screening and RE corrections at grade 7 and 10. However, this was not proved to be significantly effective in early detection, and even the uptake of eye care services by school children was also low.
