ABSTRACT
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have therapeutic potential for spinal cord injury (SCI). We have shown that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) enhances the cellular proliferation and survivability of BMSCs-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) by downregulating miR-22-3p. However, the functional application of BMSCs-derived NPCs has not been investigated fully. In this study, we demonstrate that knockdown of endogenous miR-22-3p in BMSCs-derived NPCs upregulates Akt1 expression, leading to enhanced cellular proliferation. RNASeq analysis reveals 3,513 differentially expressed genes in NPCs. The upregulated genes in NPCs enrich the gene ontology term associated with nervous system development. Terminally differentiated NPCs generate cells with neuronal-like morphology and phenotypes. Transplantation of NPCs in the SCI rat model results in better recovery in locomotor and sensory functions 4 weeks after transplantation. Altogether, the result of this study demonstrate that NPCs derived with IGF-1 supplementation could be differentiated into functional neural lineage cells and are optimal for stem cell therapy in SCI.
ABSTRACT
Recently, metal nanoparticles have been getting great medical and social interests due to their potential physico-chemical properties such as higher affinity, low molecular weight, and larger surface area. The biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles are spherical, triangular in shape with an average size of 24-150 nm as reported in our earlier studies. The biological properties of synthesized gold and silver nanoparticles are demonstrated in this paper. The different in vitro assays such as MTT, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) techniques were used to evaluate the in vitro anticancer properties of synthesized metal nanoparticles. The biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles have shown reduced cell viability and increased cytotoxicity in HCT-116 colon cancer cells with IC50 concentration of 200 and 100 µg/ml, respectively. The flow cytometry experiments revealed that the IC50 concentrations of gold and silver nanoparticle-treated cells that have significant changes were observed in the sub-G1 cell cycle phase compared with the positive control. Additionally, the relative messenger RNA (mRNA) gene expressions of HCT-116 cells were studied by RT-qPCR techniques. The pro-apoptotic genes such as PUMA (++), Caspase-3 (+), Caspase-8 (++), and Caspase-9 (++) were upregulated in the treated HCT-116 cells compared with cisplatin. Overall, these findings have proved that the synthesized gold and silver nanoparticles could be potent anti-colon cancer drugs.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents , Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Commelina/chemistry , Gold , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Silver , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Gold/chemistry , Gold/pharmacology , Humans , Silver/chemistry , Silver/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Two tirucallane triterpenes, namely flindissol (1) and 3-oxotirucalla-7,24-dien-21-oic-acid (2), were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the stem of Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch-Ham ex Wight & Arn, Rutaceae. This is the first report of their isolation from this plant. Their structures were constructed by high resolution mass and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The cytotoxic potential of the two pure compounds 1 and 2 were determined by MTT assay against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). Compounds 1 and 2 showed potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line with IC50 values of 13.8 μM and 27.5 μM, respectively. This result suggested their potential activity as antitumor agents.
