Knowledge of Parents Working in Healthcare Settings Toward Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Children.

Aim: To examine the knowledge of parents who are working as healthcare workers about Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and to determine the predictors of ADHD knowledge in children among parents. Methods: A cross-section study was conducted among parents who are working as HCWs. An online survey by google forms facilitated the creation of a 373 participant's sample. Results: The parents who are working as HCWs toward ADHD Knowledge 14.9 (SD = 7.9). The most questions were answered correctly. ADHD children are frequently distracted by extraneous stimuli 285 (76.8%). ADHD children often fidget or squirm in their seats 272 (73.7%) and HCWs training in managing an ADHD child are generally effective when combined with medication treatment 260 (70.5%). Conclusion: This study found that many parents who working as HCWs had poor knowledge regarding causes and general aspects of this disorder. The results had many implications that include increased efforts to improve the capabilities of parents who working as HCWs and prevent further complications for the children and increase awareness among parents and teachers.

Jordanian Community People's Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Dementia.

Introduction: Limited research exists on the knowledge and attitudes of Jordanian community residents toward people with dementia (PwD). As the prevalence of dementia is anticipated to increase, there is a critical need for informed knowledge and positive attitudes toward dementia in the Jordanian community. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate people's knowledge of and attitudes toward PwD and identify the predictors of dementia knowledge and attitudes. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional research design and utilized a self-administered questionnaire as the primary data collection method. The study employed the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) to evaluate the knowledge of the participants, and the Dementia Attitudes Scale (DAS) was utilized to assess their attitudes in the Jordanian community. Multiple regression analysis was performed to find relevant factors influencing knowledge of and attitude toward dementia. Results: The study's 346 participants revealed limited knowledge about dementia, with an average ADKS score of 17.21 out of 30. However, participants showed a positive attitude toward dementia, as evidenced by a mean DAS score of 88 out of 140. Statistical analysis demonstrated significantly higher knowledge scores among employed individuals (P < .05), while females exhibited significantly higher attitude scores (P < .05). Participants with experience in geriatric clinical practice, dementia education or training, informal caregiving experience, and a desire to learn more about dementia also exhibited significantly higher knowledge and attitude scores (P < .05). Conclusion: The study offers preliminary insights into the knowledge and attitudes toward dementia in the Jordanian population. The findings underscore the importance of continuing education and training to increase knowledge and understanding of dementia. Improving dementia care and support in Jordan requires enhancing knowledge and attitudes toward dementia. The study findings were presented to policymakers, with recommendations for strategic planning and the development of awareness programs. Future research can build upon these findings and promote evidence-based practices in dementia care and community awareness programs.

Translation and Validation of the Arabic Version of the Spiritual Perspective Scale.

Background and Purpose: No valid and reliable instrument exists in Arabic to measure the spiritual perspectives of Arab Muslims and Christians. This study translated the Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS; Reed, 1987) into Arabic and examined its psychometric properties. Methods: The Arabic SPS was tested in a convenience sample of 206 Jordanian Christians and 182 Jordanian Muslim undergraduate nurses. Correlational and exploratory factor analysis were used. Results: For both sample groups, the factor analysis supported a clear two-factor structure for the Arabic SPS. A significant moderate positive correlation between the spiritual perspectives and religiosity was in the expected direction. The internal consistency reliability of the Arabic SPS was high. This study revealed that the Arabic SPS is a valid and reliable instrument to measure spiritual perspectives among Jordanian Muslim student nurses and adult Christians. Implications for Practice: Developing an Arabic version of the SPS exhibited good evidence of validity and reliability is important because it contributes to the evaluation of the spiritual behaviors and spiritual values and beliefs of Arab nurses and their patients. It also opens the way for comparison and transcultural studies regarding individual's spiritual perspectives.

Exploring Elementary Schoolteachers' Perceptions of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Northern Jordan.

The purpose of this study was to ascertain elementary schoolteachers' perceptions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in northern Jordan. This study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional research design using a self-reporting questionnaire to gather data from elementary schoolteachers in northern Jordan from February to June 2019. The results indicate that elementary schoolteachers in northern Jordan have negative perceptions regarding ADHD and its causes, treatment, and diagnosis. The lack of professional pre-service training and education about children's behavioral problems overall, but especially regarding ADHD knowledge and management of children with ADHD was found to be deficient among our sample of elementary schoolteachers. The pronounced lack of research on teacher management of ADHD in children in Jordan may have contributed to these findings. Structured educational and training programs addressing children with ADHD should be implemented to enhance teachers' knowledge about ADHD and to improve their role in helping the affected children and their families.

Prevalence and Correlates of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality Among High School Students: A National Study.

The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidality and their correlated factors among high school students in Jordan. A descriptive cross-sectional correlational research design was used. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires completed by students attending high schools in Jordan. Data show that anxiety and depression are prevalent among adolescents and are associated with higher risk of suicide and disease prevalence. Twenty-seven percent of the variance in suicidality is explained by anxiety and depression. This finding indicates that the most significant predictor of suicidality is anxiety and depression among high school students. Results show that mental health issues are a genuine general health issue among high school students. Health care professionals should routinely screen for mental health problems among young people. Mental health and well-being advancement programs should be coordinated and directed by all parties involved in youth mental health. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59(8), 43-51.].

Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Among Senior High School Students During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Context of Home Quarantine and Online Education.

This study aimed to examine the prevalence and predictors of depression and anxiety among senior high school students in Jordan during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used an anonymous online survey that targeted senior high school students in Jordan. Almost two thirds of students reported depressive symptoms and anxiety. Father's level of education, mothers' level of education, perceived difficulties in online education, gender, and age were significant predictors of depression, while father's level of education, difficulties in online education, gender, and age were significant predictors of anxiety (p < .05). Among those identified as having depression, 30.7% were male and 50.7% were female. The prevalence of anxiety among students was high, and the prevalence of anxiety in females (46.9%) is greater than males (27.6%). School health nurses and mental health counselors at schools need to emphasize the mental health and psychosocial support needs for senior high school students.

Infant temperament as a predictor of maternal attachment: A Jordanian study.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between maternal bonding and infant temperament during the first year of infant's life. Moreover, it also wanted to explore which perinatal factors could influence the quality of maternal attachment. METHOD: A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from a sample of 277 mothers during the period of May-October 2018. The participants were asked to complete a three-part survey that was developed to collect data on maternal attachment and infant temperament. Data was collected between March 2019-June 2019. RESULTS: The analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant relationship between infant temperament and maternal attachment [F(2, 95) = 6.783, p-value = .001]. It also revealed that the factors that most influenced maternal attachment were infant temperament and planned pregnancy, which together explained 54% of the variance in maternal attachment (R2  =  7.5). CONCLUSION: Maternal attachment in Jordanian mothers can be explained by two significant factors: infant temperament and planning for pregnancy.

Knowledge and attitude toward mental health and mental health problems among secondary school students in Jordan.

OBJECTIVE: Examine secondary school students' knowledge and attitude about mental health, mental health problems, and interacting with people with mental health problems. METHODS: A survey was carried out with 500 students in secondary schools in the northern area of Jordan. RESULTS: A variance in knowledge and attitude was predicted by the regression model. Family income, having a family member with a mental disorder, and experience with people with mental health problems were the major predictors of knowledge about and attitude toward interacting with people with mental health problems. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that secondary school students have low knowledge about mental health problems and people with mental health problems. Moreover, they have a negative attitude toward interacting with people with mental health problems. Hence, there is a strong need to better educate young people about mental health and the diverse types of mental health problems that exist, as well as to help them to develop a more constructive and appropriate attitude. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Improving the scope of the school curriculum on topics relating to people with mental health problems would help students to make more objective evaluations of people with mental health problems.

The perception of nurses towards their roles during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PURPOSE: The study aims to evaluate the available content on local Jordanian Facebook nursing groups regarding perception of their roles during coronavirus pandemic. METHOD: Researchers used the Facebook search engine to select local Facebook groups. RESULTS: Nurses were perceived to perform a constructive role when acting as the first-line health provider, having a public awareness role and providing care for patients. Advocating and supporting the sick and their families, ignoring and underestimating their role, nurses have a positive perception of their roles during the coronavirus pandemic. Besides being responsible for their daily activities during the epidemic, they had additional roles of ensuring the safety and contentment of their patients. CONCLUSION: In general, nurses in Jordan perceived their roles during the COVID-19 outbreak to be constructive. They performed the task of supporting and advocating for the sick and their families. Despite these efforts during the outbreak. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING: Nurses in general, nursing leaders and managers are in the forefront of responding to the unique needs of their workforces during the COVID-19 crisis. There must be an explicit adoption of strategy in all clinical environments and other clinical institutions to enhance the nurse image among themselves and community members.

Effect of Aggression Management Training on Perceived Stress Levels of Nurses Working in Mental Health Care Settings in Jordan.

The current study investigated the effect of an aggression management training course on reducing perceived stress levels of nurses working in mental health care settings in Jordan. This quasi-experimental pre/post study included 83 nurses (44 male, 39 female; mean age = 33 years) who completed a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire and the Arabic Version of the Perceived Stress Scale 10-Items Questionnaire. Participants attended 32 hours of an aggression management training course and then answered the questionnaires for a second time. Female nurses reported significantly higher stress levels than male nurses before and after the training course. Paired-samples t test showed a significant decrease in the mean total score of perceived stress of all nurses after attending the training course. The results of this study highlight the need to design and implement aggression management courses, as such training can improve nurses' mental health and perceived stress levels. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 58(10), 32-38.].

Assessment of Headache Among High School Students in Jordan.

Headache is considered one of the most common complaints affecting all ages: children, adolescents, and adults. A school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess primary headache among high school students aged 16-18 in Grades 11-12, over a period of 3 weeks (May 2017). A questionnaire was designed, in accordance with the International Headache Society's criteria. The Pearson's χ2 test was computed to show the differences between the variables. Nearly two thirds of the students reported having headache (19.0% tension-type headache, 8.8% migraine, and 39.0% unknown type). Nearly a quarter sought help for headache, and the most frequently used analgesic was acetaminophen (82.2%) followed by aspirin (5.1%). The current study revealed that the prevalence of headache and migraine was initially high and increased with age. Moreover, headache is one of the major public health problems among high school students. An education program conducted by school nurses and other health-care providers regarding headache and migraine is needed.

Students nurses' knowledge and prevalence of Needle Stick Injury in Jordan.

BACKGROUND: Student nurses are at high risk of blood-borne pathogens transmitted via Needle Stick Injury (NSI). Understanding various aspects of NSI is essential if they are to avoid the risks associated with it. OBJECTIVES: The study was conducted to measure student nurses' level of knowledge about NSI and to examine its prevalence and post-exposure measures in Jordan. DESIGN: A cross-sectional and descriptive design was used. SAMPLE AND SETTING: A sample of 279 student nurses studying at one private and four government universities distributed throughout Jordan. METHOD: The study used an online survey composed of 22 questions developed from NSI literature. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: background, to measure students' demographics; knowledge, to measure nurses' understanding of NSI; and prevalence, to measure exposure to NSI and the follow-up measures. Student nurses were recruited through Facebook. The survey was available online for one full semester in 2016/2017. RESULTS: The total number of completed surveys was 279 (response rate=61%). Most of the students were female (n=198; 71%), in their fourth year (n=114; 40.9%). Their mean age was 21years (SD=2.5). The mean score for the knowledge part was 7 out of 10 (SD=1.7). Almost a third of the students had at least one incident of exposure to NSI (n=73; 26.2%). Most of the students who had suffered NSI did not inform their clinical instructors (67.1%) or write an incident report (86.3%). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the knowledge total scores between males and females or between students across different universities. However, a significant difference was found between students in different years of study (F (276, 2)=6.77, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Student nurses in Jordan have a moderate understanding of issues regarding NSI. This knowledge improved with seniority. However, exposure to NSI and its under-reporting is a prevalent problem. This study recommends focusing on NSI in the nursing curriculum, and providing more protection and post-exposure intervention for students during their clinical practice.

The Relationship Between Work-Family Conflict and Job Satisfaction Among Hospital Nurses.

AIMS: This study aimed to explore the incidence of work-family conflict and the association between work-family conflict and satisfaction level among Jordanian nurses. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from a convenience sample of 333 Jordanian nurses using a descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design. RESULTS: The results revealed that nurses were exposed to both subtypes of work and family conflict, but they experienced the work-to-family conflict more than the family-to-work conflict. Both subtypes of work and family conflict were correlated negatively with age and positively with the number of children. Being female and absence of child care facilities at workplace had positive effects on the occurrence of work-to-family conflict. Finally, the negative and significant relationship between the work and family conflict and the job satisfaction level was supported. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Those findings imply that nurse administrators and policy makers should establish different strategies to support the balance between the nurses' family life and nurses' work life such as child care and elder care services and other fringe benefits. Hospitals have to promote themselves as work environments that support job satisfaction to attract nurses, hence increasing patients' satisfaction and quality of nursing care.

School Nurses' Role in Helping Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a multifaceted disease characterized by core symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity, affecting children across every socioeconomic and ethnic group. An estimated 40% to 60% of children with ADHD have comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and learning disabilities. School nurses must be an integral part of the process of increasing awareness about ADHD through improving the service delivery model for affected children and their families. There is a solid foundation of research on which they can build to improve the benefits through study, workshops, community programs, and national screening programs.

Electronic versus paper records: documentation of pressure ulcer data.

BACKGROUND: The documentation of patient data on health records is a vital component of the care process. Accurate and complete recording of this data is a necessary practice. The adoption of electronic health records to improve the quality of nursing documentation is on the rise. OBJECTIVES: This study compares the accuracy and completeness of pressure ulcer data documentation between electronic and paper records. DESIGN: A descriptive, comparative design with a retrospective review of patient records. Settings and sample: Two hospitals were chosen purposefully, one using electronic recording of patient data and the other using paper records. METHODS: In the first phase, all hospitalised patients aged 18 years and over were inspected for pressure ulcers. In the second phase, the files of patients with pressure ulcers were audited. RESULTS: Of the 52 patients with ulcers found in the hospital that used an electronic system, 43 of their records documented the pressure ulcers (83%). Of the 55 patients with pressure ulcers in the hospital using paper records, 39 files had corresponding documentation of the presence of a pressure ulcer (71%). CONCLUSION: In terms of accuracy and completeness, more comprehensive documentation practice was found on the electronic health records compared with paper records. However, both types of systems have shortcomings in the practice of pressure ulcer data documentation.

Self-medication among school students.

Self-medication, usually with over-the-counter (OTC) medication, is reported as a community health problem that affects many people worldwide. Most self-medication practice usually begins with the onset of adolescence. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mafraq Governorate, Jordan, using a simple random sampling method to select 6 public schools from a total of 34 schools. The total sample consisted of 422 school students from Grades 7 through 12. Measures of central tendency and χ(2) were used to compare the difference between the categorical variables. The prevalence of self-medication among the participants was 87.0%. Nearly 75% of self-medication was used for pain relief. The prevalence of self-medication among school students is very high and increases with age. School nurses and other local health-care workers must coordinate with school principals to disseminate health education campaigns about safe use of medication to provide awareness and education to school students, parents, and families.