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1.
Cir. pediátr ; 28(2): 81-83, abr. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-147176

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La acalasia cricofaríngea es un trastorno motor que consiste en la falta de relajación del esfínter esofágico superior. Es poco frecuente en pediatría y de etiología multifactorial. Los síntomas son inespecíficos y pueden quedar enmascarados. Caso clínico. Se presentan dos lactantes con disfagia y episodios de atragantamiento. El tránsito intestinal confirmó el diagnóstico de acalasia. En el primero, se realizaron dilataciones endoscópicas, siendo suficientes. En el segundo, a pesar de numerosas dilataciones y una miotomía, la clínica persistía, por lo que se procedió a inyecciones de toxina botulínica. Comentarios. El diagnóstico de acalasia se obtiene mediante un tránsito intestinal y gracias a un alto índice de sospecha. El uso de las dilataciones es la técnica de elección por su baja agresividad, pero se requieren varias sesiones, y, como segunda línea, la cirugía, técnica más invasiva. Además, contamos con la inyección de toxina botulínica, método menos extendido en pediatría, pero seguro y eficaz como alternativa


Introduction. The cricopharyngeal achalasia is an esophageal motor disorder that entails a lack of relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter. It is rare in children and its etiology is related to multiple factors. The symptoms are nonspecific and may be masked by other diseases. Clinical case. Report two infants with dysphagia and choking episodes. Upper gastrointestinal series confirmed cricopharyngeal achalasia. The first patient was treated with endoscopic dilatation, and did not require further therapies. In the second patient, despite numerous dilatations and myotomy, the symptoms persisted so he received botulinum toxin injections. Comments. Diagnosis of achalasia is obtained by upper gastrointestinal series and thanks to a high index of clinical suspicion. The use of endoscopic dilatation is the first option because it is not an invasive technique, but it usually requires several sessions. The second-line therapy is surgery, a more aggressive technique. In addition, the injection of botulinum toxin represents a safe and effective alternative, although it is a less widespread method in pediatrics


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Pharyngeal Muscles/physiopathology , Esophageal Achalasia/surgery , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Esophageal Achalasia/epidemiology , Botulinum Toxins/therapeutic use , Dilatation , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/etiology
2.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 90(1): 22-25, ene. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-136347

ABSTRACT

CASO CLÍNICO: Varón de 21 años con historia de exoftalmos izquierdo y diplopía de 2 semanas de evolución. La resonancia magnética mostró una lesión muy vascularizada etmoido-orbitaria con invasión de base del cráneo anterior y extensión orbitaria. La biopsia etmoidal confirmó un tejido fibrovascular compatible con angiofibroma. DISCUSIÓN: El angiofibroma nasofaríngeo juvenil (ANJ) es un tumor benigno con características locales de malignidad debido a su capacidad de invadir áreas adyacentes. En nuestro caso, el comienzo se presenta con manifestaciones de extensión orbitaria. Consideramos necesario un conocimiento amplio y un abordaje multidisciplinario con el fin de mejorar el pronóstico


CLINICAL CASE: The case is presented of a 21 year-old male with a history of left proptosis and diplopia of two weeks of onset. The MRI showed an ethmoid-orbital vascular lesion with anterior skull base invasion and orbital extension. Biopsy of the ethmoid confirmed fibrovascular tissue, which supported the diagnosis of angiofibroma. DISCUSSION: It is a benign neoplasm with local characteristics of malignancy due to its ability to invade adjacent areas. In this case, the debut presented with manifestations of orbital extension. A broad and multidisciplinary approach is needed in order to improve prognosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Angiofibroma/chemically induced , Angiofibroma/pathology , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/chemically induced , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Eye Neoplasms/drug therapy , Eye Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Exophthalmos/congenital , Exophthalmos/metabolism , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Angiofibroma/diagnosis , Angiofibroma/prevention & control , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/metabolism , Eye Neoplasms/complications , Eye Neoplasms/surgery , Exophthalmos/complications , Exophthalmos/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
3.
Cir Pediatr ; 28(2): 81-83, 2015 Apr 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27775286

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The cricopharyngeal achalasia is an esophageal motor disorder that entails a lack of relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter. It is rare in children and its etiology is related to multiple factors. The symptoms are nonspecific and may be masked by other diseases. CLINICAL CASE: Report two infants with dysphagia and choking episodes. Upper gastrointestinal series confirmed cricopharyngeal achalasia. The first patient was treated with endoscopic dilatation, and did not require further therapies. In the second patient, despite numerous dilatations and myotomy, the symptoms persisted so he received botulinum toxin injections. COMMENTS: Diagnosis of achalasia is obtained by upper gastrointestinal series and thanks to a high index of clinical suspicion. The use of endoscopic dilatation is the first option because it is not an invasive technique, but it usually requires several sessions. The second-line therapy is surgery, a more aggressive technique. In addition, the injection of botulinum toxin represents a safe and effective alternative, although it is a less widespread method in pediatrics.


INTRODUCCION: La acalasia cricofaríngea es un trastorno motor que consiste en la falta de relajación del esfínter esofágico superior. Es poco frecuente en pediatría y de etiología multifactorial. Los síntomas son inespecíficos y pueden quedar enmascarados. CASO CLINICO: Se presentan dos lactantes con disfagia y episodios de atragantamiento. El tránsito intestinal confirmó el diagnóstico de acalasia. En el primero, se realizaron dilataciones endoscópicas, siendo suficientes. En el segundo, a pesar de numerosas dilataciones y una miotomía, la clínica persistía, por lo que se procedió a inyecciones de toxina botulínica. COMENTARIOS: El diagnóstico de acalasia se obtiene mediante un tránsito intestinal y gracias a un alto índice de sospecha. El uso de las dilataciones es la técnica de elección por su baja agresividad, pero se requieren varias sesiones, y, como segunda línea, la cirugía, técnica más invasiva. Además, contamos con la inyección de toxina botulínica, método menos extendido en pediatría, pero seguro y eficaz como alternativa.

4.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 90(1): 22-5, 2015 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25443183

ABSTRACT

CLINICAL CASE: The case is presented of a 21 year-old male with a history of left proptosis and diplopia of two weeks of onset. The MRI showed an ethmoid-orbital vascular lesion with anterior skull base invasion and orbital extension. Biopsy of the ethmoid confirmed fibrovascular tissue, which supported the diagnosis of angiofibroma. DISCUSSION: It is a benign neoplasm with local characteristics of malignancy due to its ability to invade adjacent areas. In this case, the debut presented with manifestations of orbital extension. A broad and multidisciplinary approach is needed in order to improve prognosis.


Subject(s)
Angiofibroma/pathology , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Orbit/pathology , Angiofibroma/diagnostic imaging , Angiofibroma/radiotherapy , Angiofibroma/surgery , Biopsy , Cerebral Angiography , Combined Modality Therapy , Diplopia/etiology , Ethmoid Bone/diagnostic imaging , Ethmoid Bone/pathology , Exophthalmos/etiology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Maxillary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Ophthalmic Artery/diagnostic imaging , Orbit/diagnostic imaging , Skull Base/diagnostic imaging , Skull Base/pathology , Young Adult
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