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1.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 22(4): 554-558, Oct.-Dec. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-698019

ABSTRACT

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the efficiency of partial treatment of animals infested with horn flies. Forty-five Guzerat cows between 4 and 7 years of age were divided into three groups (15 cows per group). The treatments were as follows: in groups G33 and G100, 33.3 and 100% of the cows were treated with one insecticide-impregnated ear tag/animal (40% diazinon), respectively, while in the group GC, the cows were not treated (control). The flies on the cervico-dorsal-lumbar region of the cows, in all three groups, were counted every 14 days. The experiment lasted from September 2006 to September 2009. Over this period, six four-month ear tag treatments, with intervals of one to two months, were conducted on both treated groups. The animals of group G33 had a higher infection than those of group G100, and the number of flies ranged from 12 to 27 (group G33) and from 3 to 11 (group G100). However, groups G33 and G100 had lower infection levels than group GC, which presented from 45 to 87 flies. Partial treatment of cattle infested with horn flies using 40% diazinon insecticide is an efficient alternative for controlling this ectoparasite.


Com objetivo de avaliar a eficiência do tratamento parcial de animais infestados por mosca-dos-chifres, foram utilizadas 45 vacas da raça Guzerá, com idade entre 4 e 7 anos, divididas em três grupos de 15 animais. Os animais dos grupos G33 (33,3% tratados) e G100 (100% tratados) receberam um brinco inseticida/animal, com diazinon 40%, e os do grupo GC não receberam tratamento (controle). A cada 14 dias foram realizadas contagens das moscas sobre a região cervico-dorso-lombar das vacas dos três grupos. O estudo foi realizado de setembro de 2006 a setembro de 2009. Neste período, seis tratamentos com quatro meses cada, e com intervalo de um a dois meses, foram realizados nos animais dos grupos G33 e G100. Os animais do grupo G33 apresentaram maior infestação que os do grupo G100, o número de mosca variou de 12 a 27 no grupo G33 e de 3 a 11 no grupo G100. No entanto, os grupos G33 e G100 apresentaram menores infestações que as observadas nos animais do grupo GC, que apresentou de 45 a 87 moscas. O tratamento parcial de bovinos infestados por mosca-dos-chifres com a utilização de inseticida diazinon 40% é uma alternativa eficiente no controle deste ectoparasita.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Female , Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Diazinon/administration & dosage , Ectoparasitic Infestations/drug therapy , Ectoparasitic Infestations/veterinary , Insecticides/administration & dosage , Muscidae , Treatment Outcome
2.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet ; 22(4): 554-8, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24473881

ABSTRACT

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the efficiency of partial treatment of animals infested with horn flies. Forty-five Guzerat cows between 4 and 7 years of age were divided into three groups (15 cows per group). The treatments were as follows: in groups G33 and G100, 33.3 and 100% of the cows were treated with one insecticide-impregnated ear tag/animal (40% diazinon), respectively, while in the group GC, the cows were not treated (control). The flies on the cervico-dorsal-lumbar region of the cows, in all three groups, were counted every 14 days. The experiment lasted from September 2006 to September 2009. Over this period, six four-month ear tag treatments, with intervals of one to two months, were conducted on both treated groups. The animals of group G33 had a higher infection than those of group G100, and the number of flies ranged from 12 to 27 (group G33) and from 3 to 11 (group G100). However, groups G33 and G100 had lower infection levels than group GC, which presented from 45 to 87 flies. Partial treatment of cattle infested with horn flies using 40% diazinon insecticide is an efficient alternative for controlling this ectoparasite.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Diazinon/administration & dosage , Ectoparasitic Infestations/drug therapy , Ectoparasitic Infestations/veterinary , Insecticides/administration & dosage , Muscidae , Animals , Cattle , Female , Treatment Outcome
3.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 21(1): 65-76, 2011. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472104

ABSTRACT

A produção animal em pastagens no Brasil tem passado por transformações conceituais e mudanças significativas de paradigmas nos últimos anos. O manejo adequado da pastagem envolve a sustentabilidade da mesma e o balanço de nutrientes para suficiente produção de matéria seca, sendo que essa matéria seca será utilizada na alimentação dos animais. Os elementos químicos presentes no sistema solo- planta- animal desempenham funções vitais para o normal funcionamento desse sistema. As plantas e o solo são interdependentes, portanto deve haver um bom equilíbrio entre o que eles fornecem e o que recebem. Os elementos nutritivos do solo são absorvidos pelas plantas, sendo depois restituídos ao solo, sob a forma de resíduos de planta, para aí serem reciclados. Durante o pastejo, os animais caminham e esta ação influencia os fluxos de nutrientes. As forrageiras são eficientes na incorporação de nutrientes disponíveis nessa biomassa. O conhecimento das relações vigentes na interface planta-animal torna-se de suma importância, uma vez que, conhecidas as variáveis determinantes da otimização do uso da pastagem, se possa criar ambientes através do manejo que não venham a limitar o animal no emprego de suas estratégias de pastejo. Portanto, o estudo da relação solo:planta:animal é o caminho para a construção de ambientes pastoris ecologicamente sustentáveis e favoráveis ao forrageamento.


Livestock production in pastures in Brazil has gone through significant changes and transformations conceptual paradigms in recent years. The management of grazing involves the sustainability of that balance and sufficient nutrients for production of dry matter, and this dry matter is used in animal feed. The chemical elements present in the soil-plant-animal vital functions for the normal functioning of that system. Plants and soil are interdependent, so there must be a good balance between what they give and receive. The soil nutrients are absorbed by plants and after returned to the soil in the form of plant residues, there to be recycled. During grazing, the animals walk and this action influences nutrient flows. Forages are efficient in incorporating nutrients available in this biomass. The knowledge of the existing relations in plant-animal becomes very importance, but it is need to know the factors determinants of optimizing the use of pasture, so can create environments through the management that will not limit the use of animal in their grazing strategies. Therefore,the study of soil: plant: animal is the path to building environmentally sustainable and grassland environments conducive to foraging.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals , Ecosystem , Plants , Soil/analysis , Sustainable Development Indicators
4.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 21(1): 65-76, 2011. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-7913

ABSTRACT

A produção animal em pastagens no Brasil tem passado por transformações conceituais e mudanças significativas de paradigmas nos últimos anos. O manejo adequado da pastagem envolve a sustentabilidade da mesma e o balanço de nutrientes para suficiente produção de matéria seca, sendo que essa matéria seca será utilizada na alimentação dos animais. Os elementos químicos presentes no sistema solo- planta- animal desempenham funções vitais para o normal funcionamento desse sistema. As plantas e o solo são interdependentes, portanto deve haver um bom equilíbrio entre o que eles fornecem e o que recebem. Os elementos nutritivos do solo são absorvidos pelas plantas, sendo depois restituídos ao solo, sob a forma de resíduos de planta, para aí serem reciclados. Durante o pastejo, os animais caminham e esta ação influencia os fluxos de nutrientes. As forrageiras são eficientes na incorporação de nutrientes disponíveis nessa biomassa. O conhecimento das relações vigentes na interface planta-animal torna-se de suma importância, uma vez que, conhecidas as variáveis determinantes da otimização do uso da pastagem, se possa criar ambientes através do manejo que não venham a limitar o animal no emprego de suas estratégias de pastejo. Portanto, o estudo da relação solo:planta:animal é o caminho para a construção de ambientes pastoris ecologicamente sustentáveis e favoráveis ao forrageamento.(AU)


Livestock production in pastures in Brazil has gone through significant changes and transformations conceptual paradigms in recent years. The management of grazing involves the sustainability of that balance and sufficient nutrients for production of dry matter, and this dry matter is used in animal feed. The chemical elements present in the soil-plant-animal vital functions for the normal functioning of that system. Plants and soil are interdependent, so there must be a good balance between what they give and receive. The soil nutrients are absorbed by plants and after returned to the soil in the form of plant residues, there to be recycled. During grazing, the animals walk and this action influences nutrient flows. Forages are efficient in incorporating nutrients available in this biomass. The knowledge of the existing relations in plant-animal becomes very importance, but it is need to know the factors determinants of optimizing the use of pasture, so can create environments through the management that will not limit the use of animal in their grazing strategies. Therefore,the study of soil: plant: animal is the path to building environmentally sustainable and grassland environments conducive to foraging.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Ecosystem , Soil/analysis , Plants , Animals , /classification , Sustainable Development Indicators
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