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3.
Puesta día urgenc. emerg. catastr ; 9(2): 89-92, abr.-jun. 2009.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-74866

ABSTRACT

El arsénico es un metal que se encuentra ampliamente distribuido por la naturaleza. Actualmente la mayoría de las intoxicaciones, tanto agudas como crónicas, se ven en el medio laboral, pudiendo darse casos de intoxicación no industrial, a partir de la contaminación de productos domésticos o alimenticios por desechos industriales con arsénico o sus derivados. Sin embargo son excepcionales las intoxicaciones suicidas como el caso que nosotros describimos u homicidas por vía digestiva. En estos casos el tratamiento antídoto, basado en la reactividad química que poseen los agentes quelantes para formar complejos atóxicos e hidrosolubles que se eliminan por la orina, es vital para poder evitar las graves consecuencias incluso letales de dicha intoxicación aguda(AU)


Arsenic is a metal that is widely distributed in nature. Nowadays, most of the poisonings, both acute and chronic, can be seen in the work environment, with some cases of non-industrial contamination reported, caused by contamination of domestic or food products from industrial wastes containing arsenic or its derivatives. Even though, cases of self-poisoning via the digestive tract like the one we describe, or homicide, are exceptional. In these cases, antidotes based on the chemical reactivity owned by the chelating agents to form a non-toxic and water-soluble complex that can be eliminated in urine, are vital to avoid serious or even lethal consequences caused by acute poisoning(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arsenic/adverse effects , Arsenic Poisoning/epidemiology , Arsenic Poisoning/prevention & control , Chelating Agents/adverse effects , Chelating Agents/toxicity , Occupational Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Waste Products/analysis , Waste Products/classification , Toxic Wastes/analysis , Toxic Wastes/prevention & control , Poisoning/complications , Poisoning/diagnosis
4.
An Med Interna ; 22(7): 332-4, 2005 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16288579

ABSTRACT

Addison's disease is a set of symptoms which is produced due to the destruction of the suprarenal cortex, of a mainly autoimmune origin, on account of the presence of antibodies which attack it. This destruction takes place in a generally slow manner, causing symptoms to appear in an insidious way, added to the fact that these symptoms tend to be unspecific. Therefore it is easy to understand that its diagnosis at an early stage will be very difficult and is often interpreted as another disease. It is only when the deficit is important and adrenal crisis develop that we can reach the right diagnosis in a situation where the death risk is considerably high. We presented a clinical case as an example of what has been described previously. After several months of progressively deteriorating symptoms and several visits to different medical units, the patient is diagnosed as having an adrenal crisis and is immediately admitted to the intensive care unit.


Subject(s)
Addison Disease/diagnosis , Adult , Humans , Male
5.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 22(7): 332-334, jul. 2005. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-040486

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad de Addison es un cuadro que se produce debido a la destrucción de la corteza suprarrenal, de origen principalmente auto inmune, por la presencia de anticuerpos contra la misma. Dicha destrucción tiene lugar de forma generalmente muy lenta por lo que la aparición de los síntomas es insidiosa, si añadimos el hecho de que estos síntomas suelen ser inespecíficos, es fácil entender que su diagnóstico en fases precoces sea muy difícil, con frecuencia interpretado como otra entidad clínica y sólo cuando el déficit es importante, dando lugar al desarrollo de las crisis adrenales, llegamos al diagnóstico correcto en una situación en la que el compromiso vital no es nada desdeñable. Presentamos un caso clínico ejemplo de lo anteriormente descrito, en el que tras varios meses de clínica progresiva y varias visitas a distintos servicios médicos, se diagnostica finalmente al presentar una crisis adisoniana que hace necesario su ingreso en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos


Addison 's disease is a set of symptoms which is produced due to the destruction of the suprarenal cortex, of a mainly autoimmune origin, on account of the presence of antibodies which attack it. This destruction takes place in a generally slow manner, causing symptoms to appear in an insidious way, added to the fact that these symptoms tend to be unspecific, Therefore it is easy to understand that its diagnosis at an early stage will be very difficult and is often interpreted as another disease, It is only when the deficit is important and adrenal crisis develop that we can reach the right diagnosis in a situation where the death risk is considerably high. We presented a clinical case as an example of what has been described previously, After several months of progressively deteriorating symptoms and several visits to different medical units, the patient is diagnosed as having an adrenal crisis and is immediately admitted to the intensive care unit


Subject(s)
Humans , Addison Disease/diagnosis , Early Diagnosis , Addison Disease/physiopathology , Addison Disease/drug therapy , Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Adrenal Cortex/physiopathology
6.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 16(2): 95-97, abr. 2004. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-32445

ABSTRACT

El coma mixedematoso es una situación de hipotiroidismo extremadamente grave, que se caracteriza por tener un pronóstico muy grave con una mortalidad elevada; por ello ha de considerarse una emergencia médica y sospecharlo clínicamente para poder reconocerlo precozmente e instaurar el tratamiento adecuado, preferentemente en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Presentamos un caso que se corresponde a lo descrito clásicamente en los textos de Medicina y que se pudo resolver con éxito inicialmente, aunque posteriormente presentó una hemorragia cerebral fatal (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Myxedema/complications , Coma/complications , Hypothyroidism/complications , Emergency Medical Services
7.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 16(3): 116-125, jun. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-93271

ABSTRACT

El golpe de calor es una emergencia médica y causa tratable de fracaso multiorgánico (FMO). Se caracteriza por un incremento de la temperatura corporal central por encima de 40ºC y alteraciones del sistema nervioso central donde predomina la encefalopatía y es típico el coma. Es fundamental el diagnóstico precoz y, si no se toman las medidas iniciales oportunas, la tasa de mortalidad es muy alta (hasta el 70%). Las dos formas habituales de presentación son: 1ºen relación con el ejercicio en ambientes calurosos (que afecta fundamentalmente a individuos jóvenes sanos) y 2º la forma clásica (que afecta a ancianos o individuos con enfermedades debilitantes) durante intensas olas de calor. Puede clasificarse dentro de los síndromes inducidos por el calor ambiental y su presentación es consecuencia del fracaso del sistema termorregulador. El tratamiento se basa en el enfriamiento inmediato junto con el soporte de órganos y sistemas (AU)


Heat stroke is a medical emergency and a treatable cause of multiorganicfailure (MOF). It is caracterized by an increase in central bodytemperature (above 40oC) and alterations in the central nervous system where encephalopathy is predominate and comatous states are typical. An early diagnosis is vital and if the right initial measures are not taken the death rate tends to be very high (according to different series arround70%). It is habitually found in two types. Firstly in relation to exercise in hot atmospheres (which affects young healthy people fundamentally) and secondly the more classical situation (which affects young healthly people fundamentally)and secondly the more classical situation (which affects the elderly or people with weakening illnesses) during severe heat weaves. It can be classified within syndromes induced by the heat in the atmosphere and occurs as a consequence of a thermo regulating system failure. The treatment is based on an immediate cooling process and supportive measures view to recovering all organs from their state of insufficiency (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Heat Stroke/epidemiology , Fever/epidemiology , Emergency Treatment/methods , Brain/physiopathology , Body Temperature Regulation , Coma/etiology , Multiple Organ Failure/etiology
8.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 26(2): 71-74, feb. 2002. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-10889

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso de una paciente con hemorragia subaracnoidea espontánea, secundaria a rotura de un aneurisma de la arteria cerebral media derecha, que presentó alteraciones electrocardiográficas sugestivas de isquemia, acompañadas además de anomalías segmentarias de la contractilidad ventricular izquierda, que se observaron en el estudio ecocardiográfico. La monitorización eléctrica, hemodinámica y ecocardiográfica puso de manifiesto que ambas alteraciones fueron transitorias, y se recuperaron espontáneamente y sin ocasionar en ningún momento arritmias, elevación de enzimas cardíacas por encima del rango normal ni inestabilidad hemodinámica.La paciente fue tratada de su proceso cerebral y su pronóstico vino determinado por dicha lesión (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Middle Aged , Humans , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/etiology , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/physiopathology , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Electrocardiography , Echocardiography
9.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 24(7): 324-326, oct. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-3512

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un paciente con abscesos cerebrales múltiples, con un antecedente de meningitis purulenta y el hallazgo de un aneurisma de tabique interauricular silente con shunt derecha - izquierda. Si bien en la edad pediátrica se encuentra una gran asociación entre la presencia de malformaciones cardíacas con shunt y los abscesos cerebrales, la mayoría de la bibliografía revisada de comunicaciones interauriculares y shunts silentes derecha-izquierda en la población adulta hacen referencia a la producción de fenómenos embólicos cerebrales de tipo isquémico, pero muy pocos la señalan como posible vía de escape al filtro pulmonar de forma que una bacteriemia pueda producir embolismos sépticos a nivel cerebral.Ante la presencia de abscesos cerebrales múltiples no debemos olvidar en el proceso diagnóstico el realizar una búsqueda dirigida, ya que la presencia de malformaciones cardíacas con shunt derecha - izquierda puede ser la vía de acceso de la infección al parénquima cerebral. (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Humans , Aneurysm/complications , Aneurysm/diagnosis , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnosis , Brain Abscess/complications , Brain Abscess/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Meningitis/complications , Echocardiography/methods , Thorax/pathology , Thorax , Embolism, Paradoxical/complications , Embolism, Paradoxical/diagnosis
10.
Rev Esp Cardiol ; 52(8): 622-4, 1999 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10439663

ABSTRACT

A 62-year-old man was admitted to the hospital in a state of shock with electrocardiographic signs of inferior-wall acute myocardial infarction. He was initially diagnosed of cardiogenic shock. An urgent coronary angiography showed an irregular stenosis of 90% in the right coronary artery. Coronary angioplasty was performed, and a stent was placed in this lesion. In-depth questioning of the family revealed that the patient had taken an oral dose of amoxicillin 15 minutes before the onset of the symptoms. Further tests proved that he was allergic to amoxicillin, and was diagnosed of anaphylactic shock, complicated with acute myocardial infarction. There are several reports of myocardial infarction as a complication of anaphylactic reaction. We have found very few cases related to antibiotics, and none associated with amoxicillin. The most frequently quoted mechanism in these cases is coronary artery spasm due to the mediators of anaphylaxis. In the case reported herein, the irregular lesion suggests that disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque and platelet aggregation have occurred.


Subject(s)
Amoxicillin/adverse effects , Anaphylaxis/chemically induced , Drug Hypersensitivity/physiopathology , Myocardial Infarction/chemically induced , Penicillins/adverse effects , Anaphylaxis/diagnosis , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Electrocardiography , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis
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