ABSTRACT
El presente trabajo es una revisión de la información disponible en la literatura científica en materia de alimentación y nutrición humana relacionada con las grasas y aceites. El objetivo es aportar una serie de orientaciones acerca de las recomendaciones nutricionales en la preñez, lactancia, niñez y adultez, para mejorar la salud y lograr el bienestar nutricional. Los temas tratados son: características de los ácidos grasos, requerimientos y recomendaciones relativas a su consumo y su impacto en la salud, situación en Venezuela y recomendaciones nutricionales. Se presentan las recomendaciones para las grasas totales y ácidos grasos en grupos de diferente edad y condiciones biológicas Se observó que según la distribución del consumo de grasas por alimento de la población venezolana el aporte de energía (28,84%) se encontró acorde con las recomendaciones de la FAO/WHO, 2010. Las grasas vegetales contribuyen con 62,60% de la grasa total y la fuente principal son los aceites vegetales (83,97%) seguido por los cereales (21,47%) el resto es aportado por vegetales, legumbres, hortalizas y otros. Mientras que las grasas de origen animal representan 36,84% de la grasa total y los principales alimentos fuentes son la leche y los lácteos que contribuyen con el mayor porcentaje (47,43%) seguido de las carnes y pescados (41,07%), y un menor aporte de los huevos (2,07%). Esto sugiere una alta relación n-6/n-3 dentro de las condiciones de alimentación general del venezolano, siendo necesario buscar vías que permitan disminuir esta relación, a fin de prevenir la enfermedad cardiovascular.
The present work is a review of the available information in the scientific literature in food and human nutrition related to fats and oils, in order to bring a range of guidance on nutritional requirements in pregnancy, infancy, childhood and adulthood, in improving the health and nutritional well-being. Topics include: characteristics of fatty acids, nomenclature, requirements and recommendations regarding their consumption and its impact on the health situation in Venezuela and recommendations. We present recommendations for total fat requirements and the different fatty acids for different age groups and biological conditions. It was noted that depending on the distribution of fat intake by food of the Venezuelan population energy intake (28.84%) is in line with the recommendations of the FAO / WHO, 2010. Vegetable fats contribute about 62.60% of the total fat where the main source are oils (83.97%) followed by cereals (21.47%) the rest is contributed by vegetables, legumes, vegetables and others. While animal fats represent a 36.84% Total chiffon, where milk and dairy products account for the highest percentage (47.43%) followed by meat and fish (41.07%), and a lower contribution from eggs (2.07%). This suggests a high ratio n-6/n-3 in feeding conditions Venezuelan general, being necessary to consider ways in which diminish this relationship, in order to prevent cardiovascular disease.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Dietary Fats/administration & dosage , Recommended Dietary Allowances , Age Factors , Body Weight , Energy Intake , Reference Values , Sex Factors , VenezuelaABSTRACT
The present work is a review of the available intormation in the scientific literature in food and human nutrition related to fats and oils, in order to bring a range of guidance on nutritional requirements in pregnancy, infancy, childhood and adulthood, in improving the health and nutritional well-being. Topics include: Characteristics of fatty acids, nomenclature, requirements and recommendations regarding their consumption and its impact on the health situation in Venezuela and recommendations. We present recommendations for total fat requirements and the different fatty acids for different age groups and biological conditions. It was noted that depending on the distribution of fat intake by food of the Venezuelan population energy intake (28.84%) is in line with the recommendations of the FAO/WHO, 2010. Vegetable fats contribute about 62.60% of the total fat where the main source are oils (83.97%) followed by cereals (21.47%) the rest is contributed by vegetables, legumes, vegetables and others. While animal fats represent a 36.84%. Total chiffon, where milk and dairy products account for the highest percentage (47.43%) followed by meat and fish (41.07%), and a lower contribution from eggs (2.07%). This suggests a high ratio n-6/n-3 in feeding conditions Venezuelan general, being necessary to consider ways in which diminish this relationship, in order to prevent cardiovascular disease.