Association of Body Image and Genital Self-Image with Female Sexual Function: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this study was to identify, through a systematic review, how perceptions of genital and body self-image can influence the sexual function of young adult women. A systematic review was performed in which 704 studies were selected. After analyzing the articles, only 10 articles were included, from which the data for this research were extracted. The studies showed that there is an association between body and genital image and sexual function. However, those perceptions carry independent and distinct values depending on the associated condition and the audience being evaluated.

Conservative treatment of sexual dysfunction among men undergoing prostate cancer treatment: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: One of the changes caused by pelvic cancers is the decrease in patients' sexual function, which influences their quality of life (QoL) during and after treatment. Sexual dysfunction (SD) is associated with severe ejaculatory dysfunction, sexual dissatisfaction, reduced libido and sexual desire, decreased intensity of orgasm, difficulty in erection, and lower sexual frequency. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of conservative treatments (nonsurgical and nonpharmacologic) for SD in males with pelvic cancer. METHODS: Systematic searches were performed in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, PEDro, Embase, and VHL databases in September 2023 by using MeSH terms related to population, study design, intervention, and outcome. RESULTS: Only prostate cancer studies were included due to a lack of studies in other treatments. Studies used pelvic floor muscle training (8 studies); biofeedback (1 study); a penile vibrator (1 study); electrostimulation (2 studies); shock wave therapy (2 studies); aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises (2 studies); and a vacuum erection device (1 study). All articles assessed sexual function and reported improvements in the intervention group, including 5 with no differences between the groups. Articles involving shock wave therapy described improvements in SD but were not clinically relevant. Studies evaluating QoL reported benefits in the experimental groups. Adverse effects of a vacuum erection device and penile vibrator were reported. CONCLUSION: Conservative treatments are more effective than others in treating SD in men with prostate cancer. Further studies are needed to assess the unwanted effects of these treatments. In this study, we found evidence that this type of therapy improves sexual function and QoL in this population.

Autonomic modulation of heart rate during physical activity in pregnant women: A systematic review of literature.

BACKGROUND: There are important physiological changes in the heart rate autonomic modulation in pregnant women and these changes may affect the way their bodies respond to exercise stimulus. The objective of this review is to verify the physical exercise influence on autonomic modulation of heart rate in pregnant women. METHODS: This study is a Systematic Review. The electronic databases used to search for the studies were Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, Regional Health Portal and EMBASE. Experimental studies that evaluated heart-rate variability in pregnant women practicing physical exercises were included. And articles that addressed only fetal heart-rate variability, case reports, congress abstracts, clinical trial protocols without results, preprints, and gray literature were excluded. There were no language or publication year restrictions. The descriptors used in the Search were Cardiac Chronotropism, Sympathetic Nervous System, Pregnancy, and Physical Exercise. For statistical analysis, the fixed effect model was used. RESULTS: A total of 3106 articles were found, and 12 studies were included, which 5 were nonrandomized clinical trials, 4 were randomized clinical trials, and 3 were cross-sectional studies. Three hundred and four pregnant women were included in the studies. The application of physical exercise was varied, but in general they used aerobic exercises and with increased variability of the heart rate and reflex on the autonomic modulation of heart rate. CONCLUSION: Most studies demonstrate benefits heart rate in pregnant women, but limited research makes it hard to compare specific types of exercise and larger studies are needed to identify the best exercise.

Is prehospital physical performance a predictor of functional capacity decline at discharge in hospitalized Brazilian older adults?

BACKGROUND: Hospitalization contributes to functional decline in older adults. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between physical performance on admission and functional capacity and functional capacity decline at discharge, and to investigate tools capable of predicting this decline. METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study with 75 older adults admitted to a public hospital between July 2021 and February 2022. The independent variable was physical performance evaluated on admission by handgrip strength (HGS) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). The dependent variables were functional capacity for basic activities of daily living (BADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and their decline between admission and discharge. Statistical analyses were performed using linear and logistic regression and ROC curves. RESULTS: The median time between admission and participant assessment was 1 day (IQR=1-2 days). Median hospitalization time was 18 days (IQR= 7.5-30 days). Functional capacity for BADLs and IADLs declined in 39% and 79% of the participants, respectively. Performance in HGS and the SPPB at baseline, in adjusted models, explained 29.3 to 35.3% of functional capacity at discharge. One additional point in the SPPB decreased the risk of functional capacity decline for BADLs by 20.9% (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.91). The AUC values for the SPPB (AUC=0.67) and HGS (AUC=0.65) were significant in identifying functional decline for BADLs, but not IADLs. CONCLUSION: In Brazilian older adults, physical performance on admission was related to functional capacity and its decline at discharge. Physical performance on admission is predictive of functional decline at discharge.

Urinary symptoms, falls and fear of falling in older people with cognitive impairment / Sintomas urinários, quedas e medo de cair em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo

Abstract Introduction: Among geriatric syndromes, cognitive impairment, urinary incontinence, nocturia, and falls stand out. Older adults with urinary incontinence are more prone to falls and exhibit fear of falling. Objective: To investigate the frequency of urinary incontinence and nocturia and evaluate the association of these variables with falls and fear of falling in older individuals with cognitive impairment. Methods: Cross-sectional study with older adults referred from Basic Health Units with cognitive impairment evaluated between 2019 and 2021. Information on urinary incontinence, nocturia, history of falls, and fear of falling provided by the participants and their caregivers was collected. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and univariate logistic regressions. Results: Data from 89 older adults were analyzed, of whom 58.4% had urinary incontinence, 28.1% had nocturia, 67.4% reported fear of falling, and 41.6% reported falls in the last six months. The group with urinary incontinence [χ2(1) = 5.147; p = 0.023] and the group with nocturia [χ2(1) = 4.353; p = 0.037] had significantly higher frequencies of fear of falling. No differences in the frequencies of history of falls were observed between individuals with and without urinary incontinence or nocturia (p > 0.05). Fear of falling was associated with urinary incontinence (OR = 2.833; 95% CI 1.137 - 7.062) and nocturia (OR = 3.365; 95% CI 1.033 - 10.966). Conclusion: Older adults with cognitive impairment have a high frequency of urinary incontinence, nocturia, falls, and fear of falling. Furthermore, there is an association between urinary incontinence, nocturia and fear of falling in this population.

Resumo Introdução: Entre as síndromes geriátricas, destacam-se o comprometimento cognitivo, a incontinência urinária, a noctúria e as quedas. Idosos com incontinência urinária são mais propensos a cair e apresentar medo de cair. Objetivo: Investigar a frequência de incontinência urinária e noctúria e avaliar a associação dessas variáveis com a ocorrência de quedas e com o medo de cair em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo. Métodos: Estudo transversal com idosos encaminhados das Unidades Básicas de Saúde com comprometimento cognitivo avaliados entre os anos de 2019 e 2021. Foram coletadas informações sobre incontinência urinária, noctúria, histórico de quedas e medo de cair, fornecidas pelos idosos e seus acompanhantes. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes quiquadrado e regressões logísticas univariadas. Resultados: Foram analisados dados de 89 idosos, dos quais 58,4% apresentavam incontinência urinária, 28,1% apresentavam noctúria, 67,4% tinham medo de cair e 41,6% relataram quedas nos últimos seis meses. O grupo com incontinência urinária [2(1) = 5,147; p = 0,023] e o grupo com noctúria [χ2(1) = 4,353; p = 0,037] apresentaram frequências significativamente maiores de medo de cair. Não foram observadas diferenças das frequências de histórico de quedas entre os indivíduos com e sem incontinência ou noctúria (p > 0,05). O medo de cair mostrouse associado à incontinência (OR = 2,833; IC95% 1,137 - 7,062) e à noctúria (OR = 3,365; IC 95% 1,033 - 10,966). Conclusão: Idosos com comprometimento cognitivo apresentam alta frequência de incontinência urinária, noctúria, quedas e medo de cair. Ademais, há associação da incontinência urinária e da noctúria com o medo de cair nessa população.

The impact of heart failure on the sexual response cycle: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is the most prevalent disease among chronic diseases and has been associated with a high prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED). OBJECTIVE: this study aims to analyze research that has as its object of study the sexual activity of patients with HF. METHODS: A high-sensitivity search was performed in databases (PUBMED via MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS AND CINAHL) using descriptors linked to sexuality and heart failure. RESULTS: Fifteen studies from 7 countries with a total sample of 6244 participants were included. CONCLUSION: It was identified that patients with HF have alterations in their sexual activities, which are more common in males. Among men, it was noticed that the most reported sexual disorder was erectile dysfunction.

Prevalence and impact of urinary symptoms on quality of life during the last month of pregnancy / Prevalência e impacto de sintomas urinários na qualidade de vida durante o último mês de gestação

Abstract Introduction Adaptations of the maternal organism can adversely affect the lower urinary tract, leading to urinary symptoms with impact in quality of life (QoL). Objective To determine the prevalence of urinary symptoms and the impact of urinary incontinence (UI) on QoL during the last month of pregnancy. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study, envolving 96 women in the immediate postpartum period personally interviewed about urinary symptoms and QoL during their last four weeks of gestation. Women were divided into two groups according to the number of pregnancies: G1 = 1 pregnancy (n = 41) and G2 = ≥ 2 pregnancies (n = 55). Those who reported the presence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and/or urge incontinence (UUI) were also administered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Results The most common symptoms were nocturia (90.6%), urgency (82.3%), urinary frequency (71.9%) feeling of incomplete emptying (62.5%) and SUI and/or UUI (53.1%) with no differences between groups. Only the complaint of SUI in cough was significantly higher in G2 (p = 0.04). There was no difference on QoL between groups based on ICIQ-SF scores among those with UI (53.1%), however G1 reported serious impact and G2 very serious impact. Conclusion Almost all women reported some type of urinary symptom and the most prevalent were nocturia, urgency, pollakiuria, feeling of incomplete emptying and SUI and/or UUI. SUI was more prevalent among women with two or more pregnancies and during cough were significantly higher. Regardless of the number of pregnancies, the presence any type of UI had a negative impact on QoL.

Resumo Introdução As adaptações do organismo materno podem afetar negativamente o trato urinário inferior, levando a sintomas urinários e impacto na qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivo Determinar a prevalência de sintomas urinários e o impacto da incontinência urinária (IU) na QV durante o último mês de gestação. Métodos Estudo transversal retrospectivo envolvendo 96 mulheres no puerpério imediato, entrevistadas pessoalmente sobre sintomas urinários e QV durante as últimas quatro semanas de gestação. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos, de acordo com o número de gestações: G1 = 1 gestação (n = 41) e G2 = ≥ 2 gestações (n = 55). Aquelas que relataram a presença de IU de esforço e/ou urge-incontinência responderam o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Resultados Os sintomas mais comuns foram noctúria (90,6%), urgência (82,3%), frequência urinária (71,9%), sensação de esvaziamento incompleto (62,5%) e IU de esforço e/ou urge-incontinência (53,1%), sem diferença entre os grupos. Apenas a queixa de IU de esforço ao tossir foi significativamente maior no G2 (p = 0,04). Não houve diferença na QV entre os grupos baseando-se nos escores do ICIQ-SF, porém o G1 relatou impacto grave e o G2, impacto muito grave. Conclusão A maioria das mulheres referiu algum sintoma urinário, sendo mais prevalentes: noctúria, urgência, frequência urinária, sensação de esvaziamento incompleto e IU de esforço e/ou urge-incontinência. Entre aquelas com mais de duas gestações, a IU de esforço foi significativamente maior durante a tosse. Independente do número de gestações, a presença de algum sintoma de IU provocou impacto negativo na QV.

Effectiveness of Pilates and circuit-based exercise in reducing arthralgia in women during hormone therapy for breast cancer: a randomized, controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Pilates compared with circuit-based exercise in reducing arthralgia in women during hormone therapy for breast cancer. DESIGN: Single-blind randomized controlled trial, parallel. SETTING: University hospital of Brasilia and Brazilian Association for Assistance to People with Cancer. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty women with arthralgia were recruited. Eligibility criteria included women complaining of arthralgia during hormone therapy for breast cancer. The exclusion criteria were women with active cancer, lymphedema, limitations to physical exercise, or limitation to answer some questionnaires. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary: Pain. Secondary: Function, flexibility, and sleep quality. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and the end of the intervention (8 weeks) by the same blinded evaluator. INTERVENTION: Sixty participants were randomly assigned 20 to each of the three groups: Pilates, circuit-based exercise, and control groups. Exercise was performed twice per week for 75 min, over a period of 8 weeks. Participants in the control group were instructed to continue their usual activities. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the normality of the outcomes. Intergroup differences were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Mann Whitney U testing and the parametric data between the three groups with ANOVA of repeated measures with Bonferroni post hoc. RESULTS: The Pilates group demonstrated a significant difference in pain reduction compared to the circuit group (mean difference: -1.95 points, p = 0.020). CONCLUSION: Pilates was more effective than circuit-based exercise in reducing arthralgia in women during hormone therapy for breast cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3wsdhs/ Registered on Octob 16th 2017.

Urinary incontinence in female road runners from the Brazilian Federal District - occurrence and associated risk factors / Incontinência urinária em grupos de corredoras de rua no Distrito Federal - prevalência e fatores associados / A incontinência urinaria en grupos de corredoras de la calle en el Distrito Federal - prevalencia y factores associados

ABSTRACT Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as the involuntary leakage of urine and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common type of UI, characterized by the loss of urine during physical effort, including running. Objective Analyze UI and associated factors in female road runners in the Brazilian Federal District (DF). Method Cross-sectional descriptive study that investigated UI by applying an adapted questionnaire to female road runners in DF. Results 94 runners, 3.2% of whom reported UI and 56.6% complained of SUI. Body mass index (BMI), birth weight of largest baby and episiotomy were factors associated of SUI. Conclusion Although few women reported UI while running, the results suggest that SI needs to be addressed, especially when associated with risk factors.

RESUMO A incontinência urinária (IU) é definida como a perda involuntária de urina, e a incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) é um tipo comum de perda urinária, caracterizada pela perda de urina durante esforço físico, como, corrida. Objetivo Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados de IU em corredoras de rua do Distrito Federal (DF). Método Estudo transversal descritivo, com aplicação de questionário adaptado, em mulheres, corredoras no DF. Resultados De 94 corredoras, 3.2% apresentaram IU, sendo IUE, 56.6% mais comum entre 40 a 49 anos. Índice de massa corporal (IMC), peso do maior bebê e episiotomia foram fatores associados à IU. Conclusão Embora poucas mulheres relatem IU, os resultados sugerem que a IU precisa ser abordada, ainda quando associada aos fatores de risco.

RESUMEN La incontinencia urinaria (IU) se define como la pérdida perdida involuntaria de orina, y la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) es un tipo común de pérdida urinaria, caracterizada por la pérdida de orina durante el esfuerzo fisico, como correr. Objetivo Analizar la prevalencia y sus factores asociados de IU en corredoras de la calle en el Distrito Federal (DF). Método Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, com aplicación de un cuestionario adaptado, en mujeres, en DF. Resultados De 94 corredoras, 3.2% tenían UI, con IUE más común entre 40 y 49 años. Índice de masa corporal (IMC), partos de fetos grande y la episiotomía fueros factores associados con la IU. Conclusión Aunque pocas mujeres informan IU, los resultados sugieren que es necesario abordar la IU, incluso cuando se associa com factores de riesgo.

Exercise regimens other than pelvic floor muscle training cannot increase pelvic muscle strength-a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Although pelvic floor muscle training is widely recommendedin the literature as the gold standard for the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunctions, such as urinary incontinence, interest in other exercise regimens is increasing. However, it is unknown whether other exercise regimens increase pelvic floor muscle strength. METHODS: This was a systematic review of randomized clinical trials found in PEDro, tridatabase, Cochrane and PubMed on the efficacy of nonspecific exercises, such as Pilates, the Paula method, and hypopressive exercises, in strengthening pelvic floor muscles in adults without underlying neurological disorders and with or without pelvic floor dysfunction. RESULTS: Seven studies were analyzed, and the results demonstrated that Pilates, the Paula method, and hypopressive exercises are ineffective in increasing pelvic muscle strength unless they are performed in conjunction with pelvic floor muscle training. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/) under the number CRD42019123396. CONCLUSION: Considering the available studies, we have concluded that Pilates, the Paula method and hypopressive exercises performed alone do not increase pelvic floor muscle strength. Pelvic floor muscle training continues to be the gold standard for increasing pelvic muscle strength.

Atuação da fisioterapia no trismo secundário ao câncer de glândula salivar / Physical Therapy for trismus secondary to salivary gland cancer

Introdução: O trismo, limitação da abertura da boca, é uma das morbidades que acarreta limitações funcionais. Objetivo: Descrever o efeito da fisioterapia por meio da terapia manual e exercícios com depressores de língua na abertura máxima bucal de paciente com trismo secundário ao câncer de glândula salivar. Métodos: Relato de caso de paciente com trismo cujo tratamento consistiu em 15 atendimentos de fisioterapia por meio da terapia manual (liberação miofascial e mobilização articular) e exercícios com depressores de língua, com 40 minutos de duração cada, para ganho de abertura bucal. A abertura máxima bucal foi avaliada por meio do paquímetro e números de depressores de língua. Resultados: A paciente apresentou aumento da abertura máxima bucal entre o primeiro e o último atendimento (11,5mm - 21,2mm) e aumento na quantidade de depressores de língua utilizados (12 ­ 17,5). Conclusão: A atuação fisioterapêutica foi eficaz para o tratamento do trismo. (AU)

Introduction: Trismus, a mouth opening amplitude limitation, is one of the morbidities that causes functional limitations. Objective: To describe the effect of physical therapy intervention utilizing manual therapy and wooden tongue depressors exercises in maximum mouth opening in a patient with trismus secondary to salivary gland cancer. Methods: Case report of a patient whose physical therapy intervention consisted in 15 sessions of manual therapy (myofascial liberation and articular mobilization) and wooden tongue depressors exercises, with 40 minutes duration each, to improve mouth opening. Maximum mouth opening was assessed with a paquimeter and number of wood tongue depressors. Results: The patient presented improvements in maximal mouth opening between the first and last assessment (11,5mm - 21,2mm) and increase in number of wood tongue depressors used. Conclusion: Physical therapy approach was an effective treatment for trismus. (AU)

Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation versus parasacral stimulation in the treatment of overactive bladder in elderly people: a triple-blinded randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) and transcutaneous parasacral stimulation on the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) in elderly people and to compare the final results between groups. METHODS: Fifty female volunteers, mean age 68.62 (±5.9) years, were randomly allocated into two groups: those receiving TTNS (G1, N=25) and those receiving transcutaneous parasacral stimulation (G2, N=25). The primary outcome was the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ-OAB) score, and secondary outcomes were the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - short form (ICIQ-SF) score and 3-day bladder diary measurements. Volunteers were assessed before and after the treatment. Clinical Trials (ReBeC): RBR-9Q7J7Y. RESULTS: Both groups' symptoms improved as measured by the ICIQ-OAB (G1 = <0.001; G2 = <0.001) and ICIQ-SF (G1 = <0.001; G2 = <0.001). In the 3-day bladder diary assessments after treatment, G1 showed a reduced number of nocturia (p<0.001), urgency (p<0.001) and urge urinary incontinence episodes (p<0.001), whereas G2 showed only a reduced number of nocturia episodes (p<0.001). No difference between groups was found. CONCLUSION: Both of the proposed treatments were effective in the improvement of OAB symptoms, but TTNS showed a reduction in a greater number of symptoms as measured by the 3-day bladder diary. No differences were found between groups.

Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation versus parasacral stimulation in the treatment of overactive bladder in elderly people: a triple-blinded randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) and transcutaneous parasacral stimulation on the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) in elderly people and to compare the final results between groups. METHODS: Fifty female volunteers, mean age 68.62 (±5.9) years, were randomly allocated into two groups: those receiving TTNS (G1, N=25) and those receiving transcutaneous parasacral stimulation (G2, N=25). The primary outcome was the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ-OAB) score, and secondary outcomes were the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - short form (ICIQ-SF) score and 3-day bladder diary measurements. Volunteers were assessed before and after the treatment. Clinical Trials (ReBeC): RBR-9Q7J7Y. RESULTS: Both groups' symptoms improved as measured by the ICIQ-OAB (G1 = <0.001; G2 = <0.001) and ICIQ-SF (G1 = <0.001; G2 = <0.001). In the 3-day bladder diary assessments after treatment, G1 showed a reduced number of nocturia (p<0.001), urgency (p<0.001) and urge urinary incontinence episodes (p<0.001), whereas G2 showed only a reduced number of nocturia episodes (p<0.001). No difference between groups was found. CONCLUSION: Both of the proposed treatments were effective in the improvement of OAB symptoms, but TTNS showed a reduction in a greater number of symptoms as measured by the 3-day bladder diary. No differences were found between groups.

Efetividade da Musicoterapia na Redução da Ansiedade de Pacientes Oncológicos: Revisão Sistemática / Effectiveness of Music Therapy in Reducing Anxiety in Cancer Patients: Systematic Review / Efectividad de la Musicoterapia en la Reducción de la Ansiedad en Pacientes con Cáncer: Revisión Sistemática

Introdução: O câncer é uma doença que envolve extenso sofrimento emocional, físico e social, o que favorece o aparecimento de diversas morbidades, incluindo ansiedade. Terapias complementares, como a musicoterapia, têm sido estudadas como alternativas para a abordagem da ansiedade. Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente os estudos e determinar a efetividade da musicoterapia na redução da ansiedade de pacientes oncológicos. Método: A pesquisa foi realizada em seis bases de dados incluindo MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane e Web of Science, sem restrição de data, sexo, etnia ou tipos de câncer. Foram incluídos somente ensaios clínicos randomizados que avaliaram a ansiedade como um dos desfechos, bem como os que utilizaram a musicoterapia como intervenção e que envolveram amostra com indivíduos adultos diagnosticados com câncer. Foram excluídos os estudos em que a musicoterapia não foi realizada por um profissional especializado, não foi proposto grupo controle, não foi disponibilizado o estudo na integra, associaram pacientes com outras doenças além do câncer e incluíram no grupo experimental outra intervenção além da música. Resultado: Foram encontrados 1.909 estudos, sendo oito elegíveis. A maioria dos estudos demonstrou benefícios da musicoterapia na ansiedade. Conclusão:A musicoterapia é efetiva na redução da ansiedade de pessoas com câncer. No entanto, mais estudos com novas tecnologias e mais detalhes sobre a intervenção são necessários para a confirmação dos resultados.

Introduction: Cancer is a disease that involves extensive emotional, physical and social suffering, which favors the appearance of various morbidities, including anxiety. Complementary therapies, such as music therapy, have been studied as alternatives to an approach to anxiety. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the literature and determine the effectiveness of music therapy to reduce anxiety of oncologic patients. Method: The research was conducted in six databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane and Web of Science without restriction of date, gender, ethnicity or cancer types. It were included only randomized controlled trials that evaluated anxiety as one of the outcomes, as well as those using music therapy as an intervention, involving a sample with adult individuals diagnosed with cancer. The exclusion criteria were studies where music therapy was not performed by a skilled professional, without control group, studies not fully available, that associated patients with diseases other than cancer and which included in the experimental group another intervention instead of music. Result: A total of 1909 studies were found, of which eight were eligible. The majority of the studies have demonstrated benefits of music therapy for anxiety. Conclusion: Music therapy is effective in reducing the anxiety of people with cancer. However, more studies with new methodologies and further details about the intervention are necessary to confirm the results.

Introducción: El cáncer es una enfermedad que implica extensión emocional, física y social, lo que favorece la aparición de diversas morbilidades, incluida la ansiedad. Las terapias complementarias, como la musicoterapia, se han estudiado como alternativas al enfoque de la ansiedad. Objetivo: Revisar la literatura sobre la efectividad de la musicoterapia para el tratamiento de pacientes con trastornos de ansiedad y cáncer. Método:La investigación se realizó en seis bases de datos, incluyendo MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane y Web of Science, sin restricciones de fecha, género, etnia o tipos de cáncer. Se incluyeron solo ensayos controlados aleatorios de estudios que evaluaron la ansiedad como uno de los resultados, así como el uso de la musicoterapia como una intervención y la participación de una muestra con individuos adultos diagnosticados con cáncer. Los estudios en los que la musicoterapia no fue realizada por un profesional especializado, no se propuso un grupo de control, no se disponía de un estudio completo, se asociaron pacientes con enfermedades distintas al cáncer y se incluyó otra intervención además de la música en el grupo experimental. Resultados: Se encontraron 1.909 estudios, de los cuales ocho fueron elegibles. La mayoría de los estudios han demostrado los beneficios de la musicoterapia en la ansiedad. Conclusión: Esta revisión sistemática concluyó que la musicoterapia es efectiva para reducir la ansiedad de las personas con cáncer. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios con nuevas tecnologías y más detalles sobre la intervención para confirmar los resultados.

Treinamento de resistência para hipertrofia muscular em idosos / Resistance training for muscular hypertrophy in elderly

Objetivo: Buscar sistematicamente na literatura evidências de hipertrofia muscular em pessoas idosas por meio do treinamento de resistência. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura levando em consideração os preceitos do PRISMA. Consultaram-se os bancos de dados Pubmed, Scielo e Pedro nos idiomas português e inglês, por meio dos descritores: idoso, envelhecimento, ganho de massa muscular e hipertrofia muscular. Resultados: Não ocorreram estudos na plataforma Scielo, e após filtro com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão obtiveram-se 24 estudos. Os estudos demonstram que é possível melhorar a massa muscular em treinamento de resistência em idosos, uma vez que os exercícios apresentem a dose correta: intensidade, volume, carga apropriada, utilizando uma investigação sensível. Conclusão: Sugere-se que para hipertrofia muscular em idosos, os protocolos de treinamento resistidos tenham em média 12 semanas de treinamento, com frequência de duas a três vezes por semana, que apresentem cinco exercícios realizados em três séries de oito a 12 repetições e cargas superiores a 60% 1RM para que ocorra a hipertrofia muscular. (AU)

Objective: To systematically seek evidence in the literature for muscular hypertrophy in older people through resistance training. Methods: This is a systematic review of literature taking into account the precepts of PRISMA. The Pubmed, Scielo and Pedro databases were consulted in the Portuguese and English languages, using the descriptors: elderly, aging, muscle mass gain and muscle hypertrophy. Results: There were no studies in the Scielo platform, after filtering based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 studies were obtained. It show that is possible to improve muscle mass in endurance training in the elderly, once the exercises present the correct dose: intensity, volume, appropriate load, using a sensitive investigation. Conclusion: It is suggested that for muscular hypertrophy in the elderly, the resistance training protocols have, on average, 12 weeks of training, two to three times a week, with five exercises performed in three sets of eight to 12 repetitions and higher loads to 60% 1RM for muscle hypertrophy to occur. (AU)

Factors associated with overactive bladder syndrome in the elderly community: a cross-sectional study / Fatores associados à síndrome da bexiga hiperativa em idosas: um estudo transversal

Abstract Objective: to identify risk factors related to overactive bladder syndrome. Method: a cross-sectional study was performed with elderly women (>60 years) from the community of Ceilândia, in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, with or without symptoms of OBS, who were evaluated through interviews and questionnaires. The clinical and sociodemographic variables analyzed were: age; body mass index (BMI); parity, schooling, previous abdominal and urogynecologic surgeries, physical activity, smoking, constipation, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus; depression and anxiety. The questionnaires applied were the Overactive Bladder Awareness Tool (OAB-V8), the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Beck Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed descriptively. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the significant associations between the independent variables and the outcome of interest. Risk ratios were calculated for each independent variable with 95% confidence intervals. Result: A total of 372 volunteers were recruited, 292 of whom were eligible. Of these, 172 were allocated to the case group (58.9%) and 120 (41.1%) were control subjects. The two groups were homogeneous between one another. There was a high prevalence of OBS in the study population and significant differences for the variables presence of SAH, abdominal surgery and pelvic surgery, with the case group presenting a higher frequency of these events. In multivariate analysis, it was observed that an active sexual life reduces the chance of having OBS by 70.8%, while urogynecologic surgeries increase this risk 3.098 times. Conclusion: In univariate logistic regression analysis, BMI, SAH, a previous history of abdominal and urogynecologic surgery, number of abortions and the presence of symptoms of depression and anxiety, were found to be factors associated with OBS. AU

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar os fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos associados à Síndrome da Bexiga Hiperativa (SBH). Método: Estudo transversal, realizado com idosas (>60 anos) da comunidade de Ceilândia, DF, Brasil; avaliadas por meio de entrevistas e questionários. As variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas analisadas foram: idade; índice de massa corpórea (IMC); paridade, escolaridade, cirurgias abdominais e uroginecológicas prévias, prática de atividade física, tabagismo, constipação, hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), diabetes mellitus; depressão e ansiedade. Os questionários aplicados foram Overactive Bladder Awerenees Tool (OAB-V8), Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e Escala de Ansiedade de Beck. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente. Utilizou-se a regressão logística binária para avaliar as associações significativas entre as variáveis independentes e o desfecho de interesse. As razões de risco foram calculadas para cada variável independente com intervalos de 95% de confiança. Resultados: Recrutou-se 372 voluntárias, sendo elegíveis 292, destas, 172 eram grupo caso (58,9%) e 120 (41,1%) eram grupo controle. Observou-se alta prevalência de SBH na população estudada, além de diferenças significativas para as variáveis: presença de HAS; ter realizado cirurgia abdominal ou cirurgia pélvica, sendo que o grupo caso apresentou maior frequência desses eventos. Na análise multivariada, observou-se que vida sexual ativa reduz em 70,8% a chance de ter SBH, e cirurgias uroginecológicas aumentam em 3,098 vezes esse risco. Conclusão: Na análise de regressão logística univariada, o IMC, a HAS, a história prévia de cirurgia abdominal e uroginecológica, quantidade de abortos, presença de sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, apresentaram-se como fatores associados à SBH. AU

Female urinary incontinence: quality of life comparison on reproductive age and postmenopausal period / Incontinência urinária feminina: comparação da qualidade de vida no menacme e pós-menopausa

Abstract Introduction: urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as any involuntary leakage of urine and their symptoms can affect women's quality of life (QoL). Objectives: to compare incontinent women's QoLin reproductive age (G1) with those in post menopausal period(G2). Material and methods: a descriptive and retrospective study involved 86 women with UI complaints. Clinical, sociodemographic, obstetrical and gynecological antecedents were collected. Pelvic floor evaluation was conducted by digital palpation and QoL was evaluated by King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ). Mann-Whitney and t Student test were used to compare QoL domains. Results: 36 women in reproductive age (G1) 42.9 (± 7,4) years and 50 women in postmenopausal period (G2) 61,6 (± 9,3) years were assessed. The G2 showed significantly more nocturia (p = 0,0057), urge incontinence (p = 0,0061) and enuresis (0,0021) symptoms, whereas in G1 bladder pain and voiding difficulties were more significant. KHQ domains showed statistical differences in: general health perception (G1 26,4 ± 16,8 versus G2 38,0 ± 16.2; p = 0,0019) and emotions (G1 15,1 ± 31,3 versus G2 38,9 ± 37,5; p = 0,0051). Conclusion: UI affects negatively QoLin women. Women on postmenopausal period showed higher impact on the QoLdomains related to general health perception and emotions.

Resumo Introdução: a incontinência urinária (IU) é qualquer perda involuntária de urina e seus sintomas podem afetar a qualidade de vida (QV) das mulheres. Objetivo: comparar a QV de mulheres incontinentes no menacme e na pós-menopausa. Materiais e métodos: foi realizado um estudo descritivo-retrospectivo envolvendo informações de 86 mulheres com queixas de IU e que foram encaminhadas para tratamento fisioterápico. Foram coletados informações sócio-demográficas, clínicas, antecedentes obstétricos e ginecológicos. A força de contração do assoalho pélvico (AP) foi avaliada pela palpação e a QV avaliada pelo King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ). Foram utilizados o teste de Mann-Whitney e teste t de Student para comparação dos domínios da QV. Resultados: foram selecionadas 36 mulheres no menacme (G1) e 50 na pós-menopausa (G2), com média de idade de 42,9 ( ± 7,4) anos e 61,6 ( ± 9,3) anos respectivamente. O G2 apresentou significativamente mais sintomas de noctúria (p = 0,0057), urge-incontinência (p = 0,0061) e enurese noturna (0,0021), enquanto que no G1 foi mais significativa a presença de dor na bexiga e dificuldade para urinar. Entre os domínios do KHQ, o G2 apresentou mais comprometimento na percepção geral de saúde G1 26,4 ± 16,8 versus G2 38,0 ± 16,2; p = 0,0019) e emoções (G1 15,1 ± 31,3 versus G2 38,9 ± 37,5; p = 0,0051). Conclusão: na amostra estudada, a IU afetou negativamente a QV de mulheres no menacme e na pós-menopausa. As mulheres menopausadas demonstraram maior impacto na QV em domínios relacionados com a percepção geral de saúde e as emoções, além da presença de sintomas irritativos como noctúria, urge-incontinência e enurese noturna.

Intervenção educativa nos cuidados da dermatite da fralda em idosos institucionalizados / Educational intervention in the care of diaper dermatitis in institutionalized elderly

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a efetividade da intervenção educativa na prevenção e tratamento da dermatite da fralda de idosos institucionalizados. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, longitudinal e prospectivo a partir de uma amostra de 38 idosos. O instrumento foi composto por uma cartilha, entregue aos agentes de saúde, na qual ela apresentava medidas para minimizar os problemas da dermatite. Foi realizada uma avaliação clínica da dermatite da fralda antes e após a aplicação das medidas. Verificou-se que apenas 7 idosos com dermatite leve persistiram com o quadro. Vinte obtiveram a cura dos Sintomas, representando, assim, 81,58% dos idosos. Houve também uma diminuição dos sintomas, na qual a descamação foi representada por 93,33% de melhora, a hiperemia por 77,41% e o edema por 93,75%. Diante dos resultados deste estudo, constatou-se que as medidas propostas foram adequadas e eficazes no tratamento da dermatite de grau leve em idosos institucionalizados. (AU)

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of educational interventions in the prevention and treatment of diaper dermatitis in the institutionalized elderly. This is a prospective, qualitative and longitudinal study from a sample of 38 old people. The instrument consisted of a booklet given to health workers with instructions to minimize the problems of dermatitis. We performed a clinical assessment of diaper dermatitis before and after implementing the measures. It was found that only 7 elderly patients with mild dermatitis persisted in the frame. Twenty of them obtained the cure of symptoms, representing 81.58% of the elderly. There was also a decrease of symptoms, in which the improvement of peeling was represented by 93.33%, hyperemia by 77.41%, and edema by 93.75%. According to the results of this study, the proposed measures are appropriate and effective in the treatment of mild dermatitis in the institutionalized elderly. (AU)

Intervenção educativa nos cuidados da dermatite da fralda em idosos institucionalizados / Educational intervention in the care of diaper dermatitis in institutionalized elderly

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a efetividade da intervenção educativa na prevenção e tratamento da dermatite da fralda de idosos institucionalizados. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, longitudinal e prospectivo a partir de uma amostra de 38 idosos. O instrumento foi composto por uma cartilha, entregue aos agentes de saúde, na qual ela apresentava medidas para minimizar os problemas da dermatite. Foi realizada uma avaliação clínica da dermatite da fralda antes e após a aplicação das medidas. Verificou-se que apenas 7 idosos com dermatite leve persistiram com o quadro. Vinte obtiveram a cura dos Sintomas, representando, assim, 81,58% dos idosos. Houve também uma diminuição dos sintomas, na qual a descamação foi representada por 93,33% de melhora, a hiperemia por 77,41% e o edema por 93,75%. Diante dos resultados deste estudo, constatou-se que as medidas propostas foram adequadas e eficazes no tratamento da dermatite de grau leve em idosos institucionalizados.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of educational interventions in the prevention and treatment of diaper dermatitis in the institutionalized elderly. This is a prospective, qualitative and longitudinal study from a sample of 38 old people. The instrument consisted of a booklet given to health workers with instructions to minimize the problems of dermatitis. We performed a clinical assessment of diaper dermatitis before and after implementing the measures. It was found that only 7 elderly patients with mild dermatitis persisted in the frame. Twenty of them obtained the cure of symptoms, representing 81.58% of the elderly. There was also a decrease of symptoms, in which the improvement of peeling was represented by 93.33%, hyperemia by 77.41%, and edema by 93.75%. According to the results of this study, the proposed measures are appropriate and effective in the treatment of mild dermatitis in the institutionalized elderly.