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1.
PLoS One ; 10(12): e0145132, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26717484

ABSTRACT

Huanglonbing (HLB) is one of the most destructive disease affecting citrus plants. The causal agent is associated with the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) and the psyllid Diaphorina citri, vector of disease, that transmits the bacterium associated with HLB. The control of disease can be achieved by suppressing either the bacterium or the vector. Among the control strategies for HLB disease, one of the widely used consists in controlling the enzymes of the disease vector, Diaphorina citri. The insect Diaphorina citri belongs to the order Hemiptera, which frequently have cysteine peptidases in the gut. The importance of this class of enzymes led us to search for enzymes in the D. citri transcriptome for the establishment of alternatives strategies for HLB control. In this study, we reported the identification and characterization of a cathepsin B-like cysteine peptidase from D. citri (DCcathB). DCcathB was recombinantly expressed in Pichia pastoris, presenting a molecular mass of approximately 50 kDa. The enzyme hydrolyzed the fluorogenic substrate Z-F-R-AMC (Km = 23.5 µM) and the selective substrate for cathepsin B, Z-R-R-AMC (Km = 6.13 µM). The recombinant enzyme was inhibited by the cysteine protease inhibitors E64 (IC50 = 0.014 µM) and CaneCPI-4 (Ki = 0.05 nM) and by the selective cathepsin B inhibitor CA-074 (IC50 = 0.095 nM). RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of the DCcathB in nymph and adult was approximately 9-fold greater than in egg. Moreover, the expression of this enzyme in the gut was 175-fold and 3333-fold higher than in the remaining tissues and in the head, respectively, suggesting that DCcathB can be a target for HLB control.


Subject(s)
Cathepsin B/metabolism , Citrus/parasitology , Hemiptera/enzymology , Plant Diseases/prevention & control , Plant Diseases/parasitology , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Biocatalysis/drug effects , Cathepsin B/chemistry , Cathepsin B/genetics , Cathepsin B/isolation & purification , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects , Hemiptera/drug effects , Hemiptera/genetics , Hemiptera/growth & development , Larva/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Peptides/metabolism , Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Recombinant Proteins/chemistry , Recombinant Proteins/isolation & purification , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, Protein , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Trypsin/metabolism
2.
São Paulo; s.n; 2005. [62] p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-419465

ABSTRACT

Neste ano de trabalho concluímos os estudos de especificidade para os subsítios S3-S3' da catepsina K. Neste estudo, usamos substratos com apagamento intramolecular de fluorescência derivados da sequência líder AbzKLRFSKQ-EDDnp (Abz=acido orto-amino benzóico; EDDnp= etilenodiamino 2,4dinitrofenil). Foram sintetizadas e testadas seis séries de peptideos: AbzXLRFSKQ-EDDnp, Abz-KXRFSKQ-EDDnp, Abz-KLXFSKQ-EDDnp, AbzKLRXSKQ-EDDnp, Abz-KLRFXKQ-EDDnp e Abz-KLRFSXQ-EDDnp, onde X representa diversos aminoácidos naturais. Os resultados mostraram que os requisitos para especificidade dos subsítios S3 a Si são mais restritos do que para os subsítios Si' a S3'. Ficou bem demonstrado que a catepsina K acomoda preferencialmente no subsítio S2 aminoácidos hidrofóbicos de cadeia alifática (Leu, IIe e Val). As modificações em P1 também tiveram consideravel influência sobre a atividade da catepsina K, sendo os melhores substratos os peptideos com aminoacidos de carga positiva (Arg e Lys) nessa posição. A enzima apresentou ainda uma preferência particular pela Gly em Pi. O subsítio S3 aceita preferencialmente aminoácidos básicos (Arg e Lys). Nas outras posições, não foi observada uma especificidade restrita e uma série de aminoácidos pode ser acomodada. Para o desenvolvimento de substratos específicos para a catepsina K, foi explorada a característica da enzima de aceitar Pro na posição P2. Foram sintetizadas duas séries de peptídeos com seqüência geral Abz-KXPGSKQ-EDDnp e Abz-KPXGSKQ-EDDnp (X= aos diferentes aminoácidos). Os substratos Abz-KPRGSKQ-EDDnp e Abz-KKPGSKQ-EDDnp (hidrolisados nas ligações Arg-Gly e Arg-Ser, respectivamente) mostraram ser altamente específicos para a catepsina K sendo praticamente resistentes a hidrólise pelas catepsinas B, L e D


Subject(s)
Cathepsins , Fluorescence , Substrates for Biological Treatment
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