Systematic review of the utilization of botulinum toxin in Mohs micrographic surgery.

The use of botulinum toxin for off-label indications has become more prevalent, but the specific benefits in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) have not yet been fully elucidated. A systematic review was performed of PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scopus databases to identify all articles describing the use of botulinum toxin in MMS. Analysis was subdivided into scar minimization, parotid injury, and pain management. A total of nine articles were included. Scar minimization and treatment of parotid injury were the most reported uses. One case reported the use of botulinum toxin for pain management. Off label uses of botulinum toxin are being explored. Additional research is warranted to determine the efficacy and utility of botulinum toxin in MMS.

Calcipotriene/Betamethasone Dipropionate Foam as a Potential Safe and Effective Treatment of Nail Psoriasis.

Background: Nail psoriasis is a common condition that affects quality of life in individuals with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Topical treatments have been shown to be effective in treating nail bed disease but not as effective in treating nail matrix diseases, which often requires intralesional corticosteroids. Objectives: The objective of this open-label study was to evaluate the efficacy of combination calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate foam as a treatment for nail psoriasis including nail matrix disease. Method: We report three patients with moderate to severe nail psoriasis with involvement of all ten fingernails who applied study foam nightly for 6 months. Nails were assessed using the NAPSI score evaluating both nail bed and nail matrix disease. Results: NAPSI score improved including nail matrix disease in the majority of nails. No skin irritation or unexpected adverse events occurred. Conclusions: We conclude this foam combination product could be an effective and safe treatment for fingernail psoriasis and may provide better nail matrix penetration as evidenced by improvement in nail matrix score. Further studies are needed for additional evaluation.

Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma: case series and review of histological findings.

Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma (IFG) is a benign condition that typically presents as asymptomatic nodules on the cheeks of pediatric patients. The underlying etiology of IFG remains unknown; however, increasing evidence supports the theory that IFG may lie on a spectrum with childhood rosacea. Typically, biopsy and excision are deferred due to the benign nature, high spontaneous resolution rates, and cosmetically sensitive location. As biopsy is infrequently used to diagnose IFG, a limited library of histopathologic findings exists to characterize the lesions. We present a single-center retrospective review of five cases of IFG diagnosed by histology after surgical excision.

Allergens in Common Brands of Clobetasol.

BACKGROUND: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) may occur secondary to topical corticosteroids. This may be due to topical corticosteroids containing potential allergens in their vehicles. Variation of allergenic ingredients among various brands of a product has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the frequency of allergenic ingredients in various brands and manufacturers of clobetasol propionate. METHODS: Common brands of clobetasol propionate were identified online on GoodRx website. Then, ingredient lists for these products were obtained from the US Food & Drug Administration’s Online Label Repository via a proprietary name search. A systematic literature review was performed using the ingredient name on Medline (PubMed) database to find reports of ACD confirmed by patch testing. CONCLUSIONS: Forty-nine different ingredients were identified among all 18 products included, with an average of 8.4 ingredients per product; 19 of these ingredients have allergenic potential, while one has protective effects. Two branded foam formulations contained the greatest number of potential allergens (5), while a shampoo formulation contained no potential allergens. Knowing which allergens are present in different products may be helpful when treating a patient with an allergy or suspected allergy to one of these ingredients. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(5): doi:10.36849/JDD.4651.

Hyfrecation and Interference With Implantable Cardiac Devices.

BACKGROUND: Mohs micrographic surgery, excisional surgery, and electrodessication and curettage (ED&C) are common dermatologic procedures that often use electrodessication through hyfrecators to achieve hemostasis. According to in vitro studies, electrodessication is considered safe in patients with implanted cardiac devices. To the authors' knowledge, there are no in vivo data to support this claim. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the authors aim to describe the outcomes of hyfrecation during dermatologic procedures in patients with pacemakers and implantable cardiac devices. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was completed from March 2014 to April 2018 at a single center. Forty-five patients met criteria of having a cardiac device and having undergone an electrosurgery procedure using the Conmed 2000 Hyfrecator (Utica, NY). Adverse perioperative and postoperative outcomes, as well as device malfunction, were evaluated. RESULTS: No adverse perioperative effects were reported. Device reports were examined for inappropriate firing of the defibrillator, loss of capture, temporary inhibition of pacing, battery drainage, pacing at an elevated or erratic rate, failure to deliver antitachycardia, reversion to asynchronous pacing, induction of arrhythmias, or tissue damage at lead tissue, but no such issues were found. CONCLUSION: The lack of complications associated with cardiac devices with hyfrecation is reassuring. However, prospective and larger retrospective studies are warranted.

A case of S-100-negative CD1a-positive indeterminate cell histiocytosis.

Histiocytoses are a group of rare disorders characterized by a proliferation of monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells. We present a case of a 3-year-old girl with a diffuse papular eruption without systemic symptoms demonstrating a proliferation of strongly CD1a+ histiocytes, but negative for S-100 and langerin on histopathology. Systemic work-up including bone marrow biopsy was unremarkable, and the patient received a diagnosis of CD1a+ S- 100-indeterminate cell histiocytosis.

A painful periumbilical rash.

Jacquet's erosive dermatitis, or dermatitis syphiloides posterosiva, is classified as a severe irritant dermatitis characterized by erythematous papules and nodules with erosive, punched-out lesions. It can be found in the perineal distribution and is frequently reported in infants over 6 months of age. In adults, it is associated with urinary or fecal incontinence. We present a case of a 21-year-old white woman with a history of chronic umbilical drainage and a 3-year history of a periumbilical rash with red, friable, well-demarcated papules. Biopsy revealed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia with focal epidermal erosion and a superficial perivascular infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Our case sheds light on this uncommon diagnosis in an unlikely location.

Clinical utility of secukinumab in moderate-to-severe scalp psoriasis: evidence to date.

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory dermatosis commonly affecting the scalp and fringes of the face, neck and ears. It may be difficult to treat and the presence of extensive and highly visible lesions may significantly influence psychosocial well-being. Secukinumab, a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets interleukin-17A and has been shown to provide robust and sustained efficacy for whole body psoriasis. In this review, we evaluate the evidence to date of secukinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe scalp psoriasis. A comprehensive Cochrane database and PubMed searches of all available literature in English through September 2018 was performed using the search terms: "psoriasis", "scalp" and "secukinumab". Based on current evidence, we conclude that secukinumab is efficacious and well-tolerated treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe scalp psoriasis. Further studies are however warranted.

Milia within resolving bullous pemphigoid lesions.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a blistering dermatosis characterized by an autoimmune response to two hemidesmosomal proteins, BP180 and BP230. We describe a case of an 80-year-old man diagnosed with BP by clinical features, histopathology, and immunosorbent assay who developed milia within resolving BP lesions. Milia formation during recovery is common in cases of mucous membrane pemphigoid and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita but has rarely been reported in cases of BP.

An unusual presentation of an uncommon lymphoma, hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma, primarily characterized by extranodal distribution of the malignant cells with intrasinusoidal infiltration of the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, which is associated with a poor outcome. We describe a unique case of a 47-year-old woman with a clinical presentation of headaches, fevers, elevated liver function tests, and hepatosplenomegaly. A liver biopsy revealed a striking hepatic intrasinusoidal infiltrate of lymphocytes. These were confirmed to be T cells by immunohistochemical stains (CD8+, CD4-, CD3+, CD20-). Molecular studies demonstrated a T-cell gamma receptor gene rearrangement. Clinically, the patient appeared to improve without therapeutic intervention; however, because of the pathologic diagnosis, the patient was initiated on chemotherapy and ultimately underwent a bone marrow transplant.

Psychosocial impact of psoriasis: a review for dermatology residents.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with both a physical and psychosocial burden. To offer strategies for dermatology residents to assess and manage psychosocial aspects of psoriasis, a PubMed search of articles indexed for MEDLINE was performed using the following terms: psoriasis, depression, anxiety, work productivity, sexual functioning, and interpersonal relationships. Selected articles covered the prevalence, assessment, and management of each of the psychosocial domains of psoriasis. Depression is a common comorbidity in psoriasis patients, and the psychosocial burden of psoriasis is immense. Dermatology providers play a vital role in assessing and managing the psychosocial aspects of the disease along with medical management.