ABSTRACT
Background: Elder abuse is a multidimensional problem of public importance. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 16% of older people were victims of elder abuse. A study conducted by HelpAge India in 2018 showed that Mangaluru ranks the highest in elder abuse (47%). Given the scarce literature, this study sought to determine the prevalence of elder abuse and its associated sociodemographic factors. Material and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the senior population in the rural and urban field practice a medical college in Mangaluru for one and a half years. The sample size was 280. Results: Most of the study population was in the age group of fewer than 75 years (75.4%), with 50.4% females, 60% Hindus, 56.4% married, 39.3% illiterate, and 88.9% of them retired. The prevalence of elder abuse was 44.6% (rural = 50.7% and urban = 38.6%). Binary logistic regression showed that elder abuse was statistically significant among the unemployed, extended family members, and staying with children. Conclusions: The study brings to light the sociodemographic factors that play a role in detecting elder abuse. It also shows the importance of awareness of elder mistreatment among older people. These elements must be considered for implementing and enforcing laws and legislation to help curb elder abuse.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: With modernization, rapid urbanization and industrialization, the price that the society is paying is tremendous load of "Non-Communicable" diseases, referred to as "Lifestyle Diseases". Coronary artery disease (CAD), one of the lifestyle diseases that manifests at a younger age can have divesting consequences for an individual, the family and society. Prevention of these diseases can be done by studying the risk factors, analyzing and interpreting them using various statistical methods. OBJECTIVE: To determine, using logistic regression the relative contribution of independent variables according to the intensity of their influence (proven by statistical significance) upon the occurrence of values of the dependent cardio vascular risk scores. Additionally, we wanted to assess whether non parametric smoothing of the cardio vascular risk scores can be used as a better statistical method as compared to the existing methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study includes 498 students in the age group of 18-29 years. FINDINGS: Prevalence of over weight (BMI 23-25 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI > 25 Kg/m(2)) was found among individuals of 22 years and above. Non smokers had decreased odds (OR = 0.041, CI = 0.015-0.107) and also increase in LDL Cholesterol (OR = 1.05, CI = 1.021-1.055) and BMI (OR = 1.42, CI = 1.244-1.631) were significantly contributing towards the risk of CVD. Localite students had decreased odds of developing CVD in the next 10 years (OR = 0.27, CI = 0.092-0.799) as compared to students residing in hostel or paying guests.