ABSTRACT
Cirsiliol is a flavone found in many Lamiaceae species with high cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines. Although cirsiliol is being used in cancer therapy, its pharmacological potential is limited by its low solubility and bioavailability. In this paper, a cirsiliol-ß-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was developed in order to increase its solubility and bioavailability. The formation of inclusion complex was proved by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and solubility increment was verified through the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) method. The cytotoxic effect against tumor cells (PC3, HCT-116 and HL-60 human cell lines, and S-180 murine cell line) and the antitumor activity in mice bearing sarcoma S-180 were also investigated. The inclusion complex was obtained with 71.45% of total recovery and solubility 2.1 times higher compared to the compound in its free form. This increment in solubility was responsible by a tumor growth inhibition potentiation (1.5 times greater compared to compound in its free form). In addition, this study showed that cirsiliol and its inclusion complex in ß-cyclodextrin have strong antitumor potential at low doses without promoting side effects commonly observed for conventional drugs as doxorubicin.
ABSTRACT
In this work, vanillin-modified thin chitosan membranes were utilized as adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. A rise of temperature accelerates mass transfer of Cu(II) to the membranes surfaces. The kinetic data did present a rough fit to the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations. An alternative Avrami kinetic equation was successfully fitted to the kinetic adsorption quantities. From this new equation, from one to three regions presenting distinct kinetic parameters were found, and the use of the parameter n was also related to the determination of the kinetic orders. Variations of the adsorption rate in relation to the contact time and the temperature were also calculated and are discussed.