ABSTRACT
Authors consider causes of low efficiency of antidote therapy and ways of pharmacological tolerance management during medical treatment of organophosphate poisoning. One of the promising ways is a preventive antidote on the base of enzyme agents and allosteric modulators of a cholinesterase activity. Authors showed a expediency of a study of new acetylcholinesterase reactivators, its compositions and ways of drug delivery. Authors specified ways of searching for anticonvulsants from classes of quick-closing benzodiatines and NMDA-antagonists. Authors defined ways of improvement of methods of special antidotes delivery with targeted transport system. Authors made an assumption about the necessity of symptomatic treatment.
Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Antidotes/therapeutic use , Chemical Warfare Agents/poisoning , Drug Delivery Systems/methods , Drug Resistance/drug effects , Organophosphate Poisoning/drug therapy , Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism , Humans , Organophosphate Poisoning/enzymology , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/agonistsABSTRACT
Pyrroxan and dimenhydrinate exhibit comparable anti-seasick effects in the test involving maximal and submaximal statokinetic load. Pyrroxan somewhat more significantly increases the vestibular stability, predominantly in humans with inherently high and medium stability, whereas dimenhydrinate is also effective in humans with low resistance to seasick. Pyrroxan primarily decreases the statokinetic (somatic) manifestations (dizziness, defensive movements, nystagmus), while dimenhydrinate mostly abolishes vegetative manifestations (hyperhydrosis, nausea, vomiting, fever sensation). Thus, the two drugs produce approximately equal anti-seasick action, while differing in the point of application (somatic versus vegetative).