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1.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 962022 Oct 03.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36196560

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Knowing the risk status of malnutrition and sarcopenia in institutionalized patients is essential to understand the current context after the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This research used a retrospective, observational study. The results of the Remote Malnutrition APP test (R-MAPP) are described: risk factors for malnutrition (including COVID-19), the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and the SARC-F, in a selected sample of 402 residents of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) during 2021. An inferential analysis was performed to determine which factors were related to the MUST (≥2 points) and SARC-F (≥4 points) response measures. With the factors that obtained statistical significance, a multivariate regression model was performed, adjusting for each one. of those factors. RESULTS: Mean age was 84.2 years, 70.1% women. Most frequent risk factor for malnutrition was aging (85.1%). The mean body mass index was 26.5 (SD 11.6). MUST≥2 points was obtained in 16.2%, and a SARC-F≥4 in 69.9%. COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.13-0.92; p 0.03) was a protective factor against the risk of malnutrition. The risk of sarcopenia was related to aging (OR 8.16; 95% CI 4.13-16.20; p 0.00), COVID-19 (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.17-3.29; p 0.01) and COPD (OR 2.44; 95% CI 1.21-4.89; p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: No relationship is found between COVID-19 and high risk of malnutrition. Aging, COVID-19 and COPD are risk factors for sarcopenia.


OBJETIVO: Conocer el estado de riesgo de desnutrición y sarcopenia de las personas institucionalizadas es clave para entender el contexto actual tras la repercusión que ha tenido la pandemia por coronavirus (COVID-19). METODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo. Se describen los resultados de la prueba Remote Malnutrition APP (R-MAPP): factores de riesgo de desnutrición (incluyendo la COVID-19), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) y la SARC-F, en una muestra seleccionada de 402 residentes de Castilla-La Mancha (España) durante 2021. Se llevó a cabo un análisis inferencial para determinar qué factores tenían relación con las medidas de respuesta MUST (≥2 puntos) y SARC-F (≥4 puntos). Con los factores que obtuvieron significación estadística se realizó un modelo de regresión multivariante ajustando por cada uno de esos factores. RESULTADOS: La edad media fue de 84,2 años, con un 70,1% de mujeres. El factor de riesgo de desnutrición más frecuente fue el envejecimiento (85,1%). El Índice de Masa Corporal medio fue 26,5 (DE 11,6). Se obtuvo un MUST mayor o igual a 2 puntos en un 16,2%, y un SARC-F igual o mayor de 4 en el 69,9%. Se observó, como factor protector, la EPOC (enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica / OR 0,35; IC 95% 0,13-0,92; p 0,03) contra el riesgo de desnutrición. El riesgo de sarcopenia se relacionó con envejecimiento (OR 8,16; IC 95% 4,13-16,20; p 0,00), COVID-19 (OR 1,96; IC 95% 1,17-3,29; p 0,01) y EPOC (OR 2,44; IC 95% 1,21- 4,89; p 0,01). CONCLUSIONES: No se halla relación entre COVID-19 y riesgo alto de desnutrición. Envejecimiento, COVID-19 y EPOC son factores de riesgo de sarcopenia.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Malnutrition , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Sarcopenia , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , COVID-19/epidemiology , Female , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Humans , Male , Malnutrition/complications , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Sarcopenia/diagnosis , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 96: e202210075-e202210075, Oct. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-211623

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTOS: Conocer el estado de riesgo de desnutrición y sarcopenia de las personas institucionalizadas es clave para entender el contexto actual tras la repercusión que ha tenido la pandemia por coronavirus (COVID-19). MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo. Se describen los resultados de la prueba Remote Malnutrition APP (R-MAPP): factores de riesgo de desnutrición (incluyendo la COVID-19), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) y la SARC-F, en una muestra seleccionada de 402 residentes de Castilla-La Mancha (España) durante 2021. Se llevó a cabo un análisis inferencial para determinar qué factores tenían relación con las medidas de respuesta MUST (≥2 puntos) y SARC-F (≥4 puntos). Con los factores que obtuvieron significación estadística se realizó un modelo de regresión multivariante ajustando por cada uno de esos factores. RESULTADOS: La edad media fue de 84,2 años, con un 70,1% de mujeres. El factor de riesgo de desnutrición más frecuente fue el envejecimiento (85,1%). El Índice de Masa Corporal medio fue 26,5 (DE 11,6). Se obtuvo un MUST mayor o igual a 2 puntos en un 16,2%, y un SARC-F igual o mayor de 4 en el 69,9%. Se observó, como factor protector, la EPOC (enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica / OR 0,35; IC 95% 0,13-0,92; p 0,03) contra el riesgo de desnutrición. El riesgo de sarcopenia se relacionó con envejecimiento (OR 8,16; IC 95% 4,13-16,20; p 0,00), COVID-19 (OR 1,96; IC 95% 1,17-3,29; p 0,01) y EPOC (OR 2,44; IC 95% 1,21- 4,89; p 0,01). CONCLUSIONES: No se halla relación entre COVID-19 y riesgo alto de desnutrición. Envejecimiento, COVID-19 y EPOC son factores de riesgo de sarcopenia.(AU)


BACKGROUND: Knowing the risk status of malnutrition and sarcopenia in institutionalized patients is essential to understand the current context after the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This research used a retrospective, observational study. The results of the Remote Malnutrition APP test (R-MAPP) are described: risk factors for malnutrition (including COVID-19), the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and the SARC-F, in a selected sample of 402 residents of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) during 2021. An inferential analysis was performed to determine which factors were related to the MUST (≥2 points) and SARC-F (≥4 points) response measures. With the factors that obtained statistical significance, a multivariate regression model was performed, adjusting for each one. of those factors. RESULTS: Mean age was 84.2 years, 70.1% women. Most frequent risk factor for malnutrition was aging (85.1%). The mean body mass index was 26.5 (SD 11.6). MUST≥2 points was obtained in 16.2%, and a SARC-F≥4 in 69.9%. COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.13-0.92; p 0.03) was a protective factor against the risk of maln utrition. The risk of sarcopenia was related to aging (OR 8.16; 95% CI 4.13-16.20; p 0.00), COVID-19 (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.17-3.29; p 0.01) and COPD (OR 2.44; 95% CI 1.21-4.89; p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: No relationship is found between COVID-19 and high risk of malnutrition. Aging, COVID-19 and COPD are risk factors for sarcopenia.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Malnutrition , Sarcopenia , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus , Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections , Pandemics , Body Mass Index , Aging , Health of Institutionalized Elderly , Institutionalized Population , Spain , Public Health , Retrospective Studies
3.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 155(3): 119-122, ago. 2020. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-195752

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo fue estimar la efectividad de la vacuna (EV) trivalente inactivada para prevenir atenciones hospitalarias por gripe (AHG) en Guadalajara, Castilla-La Mancha (CLM), España, temporada 2018-2019. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo; semanas 40/2018 a 13/2019. Fuentes: Programa Microbiología; historia clínica electrónica; censo poblacional (INE, 1/7/2018). Casos: AHG (urgencias y/u observación de urgencias o ingreso), confirmadas mediante prueba antigénica o PCR. Se calcularon: fracciones preventivas ([FPv(vacunados) y FPp(poblacional)]) y número necesario de pacientes a vacunar (NNV). RESULTADOS: Hubo 228 AHG (tasa incidencia [TI] acumulada=8,9/104; ≥ 65 años=65%; cobertura vacunal=13% [≥ 65 años=58%]; mortalidad=9%); con máxima incidencia en la semana 6.ª (TI=1,7/104) (en CLM, en la 4.ª). El mayor pico de VRS ocurrió en la 3.ª semana (en CLM, en la 52). La FPv entre 14-65 años fue del 96% (FPp=58%) y en ≥ 65, del 32% (FPp=21%). NNV=414. Como en España, predominó el virus A, siendo A(H3N2) un 13% más prevalente (cepa no concordante con la vacunal). CONCLUSIONES: La temporada se retrasó por una sostenida circulación del VRS. La EV resultó inferior a la nacional. Sería imprescindible impulsar próximas campañas para mejorar la cobertura


INTRODUCTION: The objective was to estimate the effectiveness of inactivated trivalent vaccine (VE) in preventing hospital flu care (HFC) in Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha (CLM), Spain, 2018-19 season. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study (40/2018 to 13/2019 weeks). Sources: Microbiology programme; electronic medical history; population census (INE, 1/7/2018). Cases: Population requiring HFC (hospital emergencies and/or emergency observation unit and/or hospital admissions), confirmed by antigenic test and/or PCR. Preventive fractions [PFv(vaccinated) and PFp(population)] and Necessary number of patients to be vaccinated (NNV) were calculated. RESULTS: 228 HFT occurred [cumulative incidence rate (IR)=8.9/104; ≥65 years=65%; vaccination coverage=13% (≥65 years=58%); mortality=9%); maximum incidence in the 6th week (IR=1.7/104) (in CLM, in 4th)]. Highest peak of RSV occurred in the 3rd (in CLM, in the 52th). PFv (14-65 years) was 96% (PFp=58%) and in ≥65, 32% (PFp=21%). NNV=414. As in Spain, influenza virus A predominated, with A(H3N2) being 13% more prevalent (strain not included in the vaccine). CONCLUSIONS: The season was delayed by sustained VRS circulation. The VE was lower than the national one. It is be essential to promote future campaigns to improve vaccination coverage


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Influenza, Human/immunology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Treatment Outcome , Hospital Care/organization & administration , Health Services Needs and Demand , Influenza Vaccines , Cohort Studies , Vaccination Coverage , Spain , Retrospective Studies , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology
4.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 155(3): 119-122, 2020 08 14.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32252987

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The objective was to estimate the effectiveness of inactivated trivalent vaccine (VE) in preventing hospital flu care (HFC) in Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha (CLM), Spain, 2018-19 season. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study (40/2018 to 13/2019 weeks). SOURCES: Microbiology programme; electronic medical history; population census (INE, 1/7/2018). CASES: Population requiring HFC (hospital emergencies and/or emergency observation unit and/or hospital admissions), confirmed by antigenic test and/or PCR. Preventive fractions [PFv(vaccinated) and PFp(population)] and Necessary number of patients to be vaccinated (NNV) were calculated. RESULTS: 228 HFT occurred [cumulative incidence rate (IR)=8.9/104; ≥65 years=65%; vaccination coverage=13% (≥65 years=58%); mortality=9%); maximum incidence in the 6th week (IR=1.7/104) (in CLM, in 4th)]. Highest peak of RSV occurred in the 3rd (in CLM, in the 52th). PFv (14-65 years) was 96% (PFp=58%) and in ≥65, 32% (PFp=21%). NNV=414. As in Spain, influenza virus A predominated, with A(H3N2) being 13% more prevalent (strain not included in the vaccine). CONCLUSIONS: The season was delayed by sustained VRS circulation. The VE was lower than the national one. It is be essential to promote future campaigns to improve vaccination coverage.


Subject(s)
Influenza Vaccines , Influenza, Human , Hospitals , Humans , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype , Influenza B virus , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Retrospective Studies , Seasons , Spain/epidemiology , Vaccination
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