[National and world experience in functioning of centers for collective use of biological resource collections of tumors of the central nervous system]. / Analiz mirovogo i otechestvennogo opyta funktsionirovaniya tsentrov kollektivnogo pol'zovaniya bioresursnymi kollektsiyami opukholei tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy.

Collective use center is an organization or structural unit with unique resource providing access to this resource for internal and third-party users. Collective use centers are a relatively new phenomenon in bioresource collections, especially collections of human biological material due to some ethical and legal issues. At the same time, the demand for human biological material continues to grow in fundamental and applied researches. The collective use center «Bioresource collection of tissues and cell cultures of tumors of the human nervous system for fundamental and applied researches¼ has worked since October 14, 2022. This center has access to unique collection of the Laboratory of Neurosurgical Anatomy and Conservation of Human Biological Tissues of the Burdenko Neurosurgical Center. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the experience of collective use center and biobank of the Burdenko Neurosurgical Center compared to national and international data on functioning of collective use centers specializing in tumors of the human central nervous system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed the PubMed and e-Library databases using the following keywords: core facilities brain tumors, repository of collective use brain tumors, biobank of CNS tumors, central nervous system tumor collection centers. We also analyzed the organizations registered on the portal of scientific and technical infrastructure of the Russian Federation. RESULTS: We analyzed 275 publications devoted to collective use centers and biobanks. These biobanks do not position themselves as collective use centers but actively realize biological material for researches. Structure of institutions presented on the portal of scientific and technical infrastructure of the Russian Federation is characterized. The collective use center «Bioresource collection of tissues and cell cultures of tumors of the human nervous system for fundamental and applied researches¼ has access to biobank of the Burdenko Neurosurgical Center. To date, the biobank contains more than 8478 aliquots of tumor tissue frozen at ultra-low temperature (-196°C) and obtained from 1993 patients. Considering available data, we established the basic principles of work in collective use centers with bioresource collections. CONCLUSION: Collective use centers with bioresource collections of tumors of the central nervous system are rare. There is only one collective use center organized at the Burdenko Neurosurgical Center on the portal of scientific and technical infrastructure of the Russian Federation. At the same time, there is an urgent need to increase their number and activity in Russia and other countries worldwide. You can use the resource of brain tumor collections by leaving a request on the official website of this organization in the «Collective use center¼ section.

[Laser fluorescence spectroscopy and navigation in surgical treatment of spinal tumors: a systematic review]. / Primenenie lazernoi flyuorestsentnoi spektroskopii i navigatsii pri khirurgicheskom lechenii opukholei spinnogo mozga i pozvonochnika: sistematicheskii obzor literatury.

The main problem in microsurgical resection of spinal cord tumors is excessive surgical aggression. The last one often leads to unsatisfactory clinical and neurological outcomes. Laser fluorescence spectroscopy is a modern neurosurgical approach to distinguish tumor boundaries even if standard visible fluorescence techniques are ineffective. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of laser fluorescence spectroscopy alone or in combination with visual 5-ALA fluorescence for improvement of safety and quality of resection, as well as intraoperative diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Searching for literature data was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. The authors reviewed articles independently of each other. These data were systematized. RESULTS: Laser fluorescence spectroscopy is valuable to identify fragments of intramedullary ependyomas in 86% of cases, while visual fluorescence only in 81% of cases. Advisability of this technique for low-grade astrocytomas is still unclear and requires further study. Its effectiveness is 87.5% for extramedullary meningiomas. Neuromas do not accumulate 5-ALA. In addition, this method can be used to determine the boundaries of intradural metastatic lesions. CONCLUSION: 5-ALA fluorescence is a safe and useful intraoperative method for identifying tumor tissue and resection margins in patients with intramedullary or infiltrative extramedullary spinal cord tumors. Visual fluorescence combined with laser spectroscopy is a perspective method for intraoperative visualization of tumor remnants. This approach can improve safety and postoperative outcomes while maintaining resection quality.

[Metastatic brain lesion following gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach complicated by coma.( A case report and literature review)]. / Metastaticheskoe porazhenie golovnogo mozga gastrointestinal'noi stromal'noi opukhol'yu zheludka, oslozhnivsheesya razvitiem komatoznogo sostoyaniya. (Opisanie sluchaya i obzor literatury).

The authors present an extremely rare case of metastatic brain lesion in a patient with gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach. There are literature data on 23 cases of metastatic lesions of the brain, skull and soft tissues of the head in similar patients. Atypical localization of metastases can lead to some diagnostic difficulties, unreasonable cancellation of chemotherapy and delayed surgical treatment. A feature of our observation was postoperative coma determined by the features of the underlying disease.

Relaxation dynamics of magnetization transitions in synthetic antiferromagnet with perpendicular anisotropy.

Two synthetic antiferromagnet bilayer systems with strong perpendicular anisotropy CoFeB/Ta/CoFeB and Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt have been grown using sputtering techniques. For both systems two types of magnetization transitions have been studied. The first one concerns transitions from a state where magnetizations of the two magnetic layers are parallel (P state) to a state where magnetizations of the two layers are aligned antiparallel (AP state). The second one concerns transitions between the two possible antiparallel alignments (AP+ to AP-). For both systems and both transitions after-effect measurements can be understood in the frame of nucleation-propagation model. Time derivative analysis of magnetic relaxation curves and mapping of the first order reversal curves at different temperature allowed us to demonstrate the presence of different pinning centers, which number can be controlled by magnetic field and temperature.

Gas-assisted electron-beam-induced nanopatterning of high-quality titanium oxide.

Electron-beam-induced deposition of titanium oxide nanopatterns is described. The precursor is titanium tetra-isopropoxide, delivered to the deposition point through a needle and mixed with oxygen at the same point via a flow through a separate needle. The depositions are free of residual carbon and have an EDX determined stoichiometry of TiO2.2. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy studies reveal an amorphous structure of the fabricated titanium oxide. Ellipsometric characterization of the deposited material reveals a refractive index of 2.2-2.4 RIU in the spectral range of 500-1700 nm and a very low extinction coefficient (lower than 10(-6) in the range of 400-1700 nm), which is consistent with high quality titanium oxide. The electrical resistivity of the titanium oxide patterned with this new process is in the range of 10-40 GΩ cm and the measured breakdown field is in the range of 10-70 V µm(-1). The fabricated nanopatterns are important for a variety of applications, including field-effect transistors, memory devices, MEMS, waveguide structures, bio- and chemical sensors.

The use of automated system for EEG analysis and feedback cerebral stimulation to stop epileptiform activity in WAG/Rij rats.

Original software program is described, which revealed EEG activity characteristic of the onset of epileptic seizure and turned on electrical stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in WAG/Rij rats with congenital absence epilepsy. The program reliably detected the onset of seizure and automatically stopped it with a high-frequency train of electrical impulses (100-150 Hz). Thus, a feedback system of deep brain stimulation has been developed to stop early manifestations of absence epileptiform seizures. The study can be a base to develop an implanted apparatus to automatically analyze EEG and stimulate the brain to stop the epileptic seizures.

Gas-assisted electron-beam-induced nanopatterning of high-quality Si-based insulator.

An oxygen-assisted electron-beam-induced deposition (EBID) process, in which an oxygen flow and the vapor phase of the precursor, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), are both mixed and delivered through a single needle, is described. The optical properties of the SiO(2+δ) (- 0.04 ≤ δ ≤ +0.28) are comparable to fused silica. The electrical resistivity of both single-needle and double-needle SiO(2+δ) are comparable (greater than 7 GΩ cm) and a measured breakdown field is greater than 400 V µm(-1). Compared to the double-needle process the advantage of the single-needle technique is the ease of alignment and the proximity to the deposition location, which facilitates fabrication of complex 3D structures for nanophotonics, photovoltaics, micro- and nano-electronics applications.

[Cytological features and chemiluminescent activity of phagocytic cells in bronchial lavage of elderly patients with bronchial asthma].

The aim of the study was to investigate cytological features and chemo luminescent activity of bronchial lavage phagocytic cells in 58 patients (28 of them are over 60 years old and 25 patients younger than 60 years) with bronchial asthma (BA) before and after achievement of medicinal disease control. Bronchial inflammation process in elderly patients (> 60 years) was characterized by significant higher content of neutrophils and lymphocytes as well as lower proportion of alveolar macrophages. Chemo luminescent responses of bronchial lavage phagocyte cells in patients with BA were unidirectional in two comparative aging groups, albeit with quantitative differences. In conclusion, respiratory tract inflammatory process in elderly patients with BA is characterized by less pronounced involvement of effector cells, lower chemo luminescent activity of phagocytes in comparison with similar parameters in the patients younger than 60 years old.

[A perspective of present approaches to EEG analyses performed with intention to find seizure predictors].

In the late 90-s of the previous century the American Society of Epileptologists defined a priority for research as "possibilities to predict a seizure, early determinate and reduct". A method, which would allow the prediction of epileptical seizure's onset based on the EEG data registered with the patient with an epilepsy disease, would also allow implementing the new approach to treatment. If it became reliably possible to predict a moment of seizure, based on the EEG dynamics, one could create an automated closed loop system to prevent a seizure. In the article a number of works regarding this subject were reviewed. Also own results were discussed which were derived from analyses of brain electrical activity of rats with absence epilepsy and with the use of own developed software. Moreover specifics of absence initiation and course were discussed, as well as formation mechanism of thalamus-cortical loop, existing abilities of reduction not only absences, but also cognitive and emotional dissociations. Also described results of analyses of the EEG time series, that were derived by computation of correlation dimension with own developed software.

[Cyto-oxidant markers of inflammation in assessing the efficacy of differentiating therapy of severe obstructive pulmonary diseases]. / Tsitooksidantnye markery vospaleniia v otsenke éffektivnosti differentsirovannoi terapii tiazhelykh form obstruktivnykh zabolevanii legkikh.

The study purpose was the cytooxidant properties of inflammation in patients with severe heterogenic forms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); and the informative value of the changes in the studied indices for assessment of anti-inflammatory efficiency of differential therapy. The cytological test (CT) and chemiluminescent biotesting of bronchial lavage (CB) obtained with fibrobronchoscopy were conducted in 155 patients with severe bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis. The patients were divided into groups according to current classification and predominant etiological factor of the exacerbation. The data of CT and CB in exacerbation significantly differ from the findings in the control group. They also differed in bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis. The differentiated treatment resulted in improvement but did not reach the parameters of the control group. Thus, changes in CT and CB proved to be of the differentiated nature and this enables to use the tests as additional sensitive examinations in clinical practice.

[Diagnosis of bladder cancer]. / Diagnostika raka mochevogo puzyria.

Increasing incidence of bladder tumors necessitates development of new techniques of early diagnosis. A total clinical system including application of ultrasonoangiography proved superior to examination under the gray scale mode. The diagnostic and monitoring algorithm makes the system highly effective.