ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The simplified psoriasis index (SPI) was developed in the United Kingdom to provide a simple summary measure for monitoring changes in psoriasis severity and associated psychosocial impact as well as for obtaining information about past disease behavior and treatment. Two complementary versions of the SPI allow for self-assessment by the patient or professional assessment by a doctor or nurse. Both versions have proven responsive to change, reliable, and interpretable, and to correlate well with assessment tools that are widely used in clinical trials - the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index. The SPI has already been translated into several languages, including French, Brazilian Portuguese, Dutch, Arabic, and Thai. OBJECTIVE: To translate the professional and self-assessment versions of the SPI to Spanish and to field test the translations. METHOD: A medically qualified native Spanish speaker translated both versions of the SPI into Spanish. The Spanish translations were discussed by comparing them to blinded back translations into English undertaken by native English speakers; the Spanish texts were then revised in an iterative process involving the translators, 4 dermatologists, and 20 patients. The patients scored their own experience of psoriasis with the self-assessment version and commented on it. The process involved checking the conceptual accuracy of the translation, language-related differences, and subtle gradations of meaning in a process involving all translators and a panel of both Spanish- and English-speaking dermatologists, including a coauthor of the SPI. RESULTS: The final self-assessment and professional Spanish versions of the SPI are presented in this manuscript. CONCLUSIONS: Castilian Spanish translations of both versions of the SPI are now available for monitoring disease changes in Spanish-speaking patients with psoriasis under routine clinical care.
Subject(s)
Language , Psoriasis , Humans , Psoriasis/diagnosis , Psoriasis/psychology , Quality of Life , Translating , TranslationsABSTRACT
Antecedentes: El índice de psoriasis simplificado (SPI) fue desarrollado en el Reino Unido con el fin de proveer un resumen métrico para monitorizar los cambios en la gravedad de la psoriasis (SPI-s) y su impacto social asociado (SPI-p), junto con su comportamiento y tratamiento previo (SPI-i). Existen dos versiones complementarias, una para profesionales de salud, incluidos médicos o enfermeras (proSPI) y otra para la autoevaluación de los pacientes (saSPI). Ambas versiones han demostrado tener una variabilidad al cambio, ser confiables y tener una buena correlación con los instrumentos más utilizados en los estudios clínicos, como el PASI y el DQLI. El SPI estaba ya disponible en versiones adaptadas del francés, portugués (Brasil), holandés, arábigo y tailandés. Objetivo: El objetivo del proyecto actual era producir y probar traducciones del proSPI y saSPI al español. Método: Un médico hispanohablante realizó la primera traducción de ambas versiones al español. Ambas versiones fueron comparadas con sus contratraducciones al inglés de hablantes nativos y luego fueron ajustadas en un proceso repetitivo de múltiples pasos conducidas por traductores, cuatro dermatólogos y veinte pacientes quienes colaboraron con la evaluación del saSPI. Se verificó cuidadosamente la exactitud conceptual al revisar las discrepancias lingüísticas o diferencias sutiles en los significados en un proceso que involucró a todos los traductores y panel incluyendo dermatólogos de habla inglesa como hispana incluyendo a un cocreador del SPI. Resultados: Se presentan en este manuscrito las versiones finales acordadas del SPI en español. Conclusiones: Las versiones del SPI en español (castellano) están ahora disponibles para monitorizar clínicamente a los pacientes con psoriasis (AU)
Background: The simplified psoriasis index (SPI) was developed in the United Kingdom to provide a simple summary measure for monitoring changes in psoriasis severity and associated psychosocial impact as well as for obtaining information about past disease behavior and treatment. Two complementary versions of the SPI allow for self-assessment by the patient or professional assessment by a doctor or nurse. Both versions have proven responsive to change, reliable, and interpretable, and to correlate well with assessment tools that are widely used in clinical trials the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index. The SPI has already been translated into several languages, including French, Brazilian Portuguese, Dutch, Arabic, and Thai. Objective: To translate the professional and self-assessment versions of the SPI to Spanish and to field test the translations. Method: A medically qualified native Spanish speaker translated both versions of the SPI into Spanish. The Spanish translations were discussed by comparing them to blinded back translations into English undertaken by native English speakers; the Spanish texts were then revised in an iterative process involving the translators, 4 dermatologists, and 20 patients. The patients scored their own experience of psoriasis with the self-assessment version and commented on it. The process involved checking the conceptual accuracy of the translation, language-related differences, and subtle gradations of meaning in a process involving all translators and a panel of both Spanish- and English-speaking dermatologists, including a coauthor of the SPI. Results: The final self-assessment and professional Spanish versions of the SPI are presented in this manuscript. Conclusions: Castilian Spanish translations of both versions of the SPI are now available for monitoring disease changes in Spanish-speaking patients with psoriasis under routine clinical care (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Psoriasis/diagnosis , Severity of Illness Index , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Translations , SpainABSTRACT
Background: The simplified psoriasis index (SPI) was developed in the United Kingdom to provide a simple summary measure for monitoring changes in psoriasis severity and associated psychosocial impact as well as for obtaining information about past disease behavior and treatment. Two complementary versions of the SPI allow for self-assessment by the patient or professional assessment by a doctor or nurse. Both versions have proven responsive to change, reliable, and interpretable, and to correlate well with assessment tools that are widely used in clinical trials the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index. The SPI has already been translated into several languages, including French, Brazilian Portuguese, Dutch, Arabic, and Thai. Objective: To translate the professional and self-assessment versions of the SPI to Spanish and to field test the translations. Method: A medically qualified native Spanish speaker translated both versions of the SPI into Spanish. The Spanish translations were discussed by comparing them to blinded back translations into English undertaken by native English speakers; the Spanish texts were then revised in an iterative process involving the translators, 4 dermatologists, and 20 patients. The patients scored their own experience of psoriasis with the self-assessment version and commented on it. The process involved checking the conceptual accuracy of the translation, language-related differences, and subtle gradations of meaning in a process involving all translators and a panel of both Spanish- and English-speaking dermatologists, including a coauthor of the SPI. Results: The final self-assessment and professional Spanish versions of the SPI are presented in this manuscript. Conclusions: Castilian Spanish translations of both versions of the SPI are now available for monitoring disease changes in Spanish-speaking patients with psoriasis under routine clinical care (AU)
Antecedentes: El índice de psoriasis simplificado (SPI) fue desarrollado en el Reino Unido con el fin de proveer un resumen métrico para monitorizar los cambios en la gravedad de la psoriasis (SPI-s) y su impacto social asociado (SPI-p), junto con su comportamiento y tratamiento previo (SPI-i). Existen dos versiones complementarias, una para profesionales de salud, incluidos médicos o enfermeras (proSPI) y otra para la autoevaluación de los pacientes (saSPI). Ambas versiones han demostrado tener una variabilidad al cambio, ser confiables y tener una buena correlación con los instrumentos más utilizados en los estudios clínicos, como el PASI y el DQLI. El SPI estaba ya disponible en versiones adaptadas del francés, portugués (Brasil), holandés, arábigo y tailandés. Objetivo: El objetivo del proyecto actual era producir y probar traducciones del proSPI y saSPI al español. Método: Un médico hispanohablante realizó la primera traducción de ambas versiones al español. Ambas versiones fueron comparadas con sus contratraducciones al inglés de hablantes nativos y luego fueron ajustadas en un proceso repetitivo de múltiples pasos conducidas por traductores, cuatro dermatólogos y veinte pacientes quienes colaboraron con la evaluación del saSPI. Se verificó cuidadosamente la exactitud conceptual al revisar las discrepancias lingüísticas o diferencias sutiles en los significados en un proceso que involucró a todos los traductores y panel incluyendo dermatólogos de habla inglesa como hispana incluyendo a un cocreador del SPI. Resultados: Se presentan en este manuscrito las versiones finales acordadas del SPI en español. Conclusiones: Las versiones del SPI en español (castellano) están ahora disponibles para monitorizar clínicamente a los pacientes con psoriasis (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Psoriasis/diagnosis , Severity of Illness Index , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Translations , SpainABSTRACT
Fluid administration has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). We assessed whether, after correction for fluid balance, amount and chloride content of fluids administered have an independent association with AKI. We performed an observational study in patients after major surgery assessing the independent association of AKI with volume, chloride content and fluid balance, after adjustment for Physiological and Operative Severity Score for enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) score, age, elective versus emergency surgery, and duration of surgery. We studied 542 consecutive patients undergoing major surgery. Of these, 476 patients had renal function tested as part of routine clinical care and 53 patients (11.1%) developed postoperative AKI. After adjustments, a 100 ml greater mean daily fluid balance was artificially associated with a 5% decrease in the instantaneous hazard of AKI: adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) 0.951, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.935 to 0.967, P <0.001. However, after adjustment for the proportion of chloride-restrictive fluids, mean daily fluid amounts and balances, POSSUM morbidity, age, duration and emergency status of surgery, and the confounding effect of fluid balance, every 5% increase in the proportion of chloride-liberal fluid administered was associated with an 8% increase in the instantaneous hazard of AKI (aHR 1.079, 95% CI 1.032 to 1.128, P=0.001), and a 100 ml increase in mean daily fluid amount given was associated with a 6% increase in the instantaneous hazard of AKI (aHR 1.061, 95% CI 1.047 to 1.075, P <0.001). After adjusting for key risk factors and for the confounding effect of fluid balance, greater fluid administration and greater administration of chloride-rich fluid were associated with greater risk of AKI.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Fluid Therapy/methods , Fluid Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Water-Electrolyte Balance , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Victoria/epidemiologyABSTRACT
RAN, ZHX2 and RCBTB2 (CHC1L) expression was evaluated by quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in plasma cells from 85 monoclonal gammopathies: 58 symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM) (52 untreated, six relapsed), eight smouldering MM, five monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, four plasma cell leukaemias and 10 myeloid cell lines. ZHX2 was weakly expressed in high-risk/proliferative disease compared to low-risk or indolent disease. High ZHX2 expression was associated with better response and longer survival after high-dose therapy. RCBTB2 expression was weaker in hyperdiploid versus non-hyperdiploid cases while RAN was more expressed in symptomatic MM and cell lines.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism , Multiple Myeloma/metabolism , Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Age Factors , Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism , Female , Gene Expression , Gene Expression Profiling/methods , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , Neoplasm Proteins/genetics , Paraproteinemias/drug therapy , Paraproteinemias/metabolism , Plasma Cells/metabolism , Prognosis , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Transcription Factors/genetics , Treatment Outcome , ran GTP-Binding Protein/genetics , ran GTP-Binding Protein/metabolismABSTRACT
Los agentes estimulantes del Receptor de la Eritropoyetina (AREs) se usan en el tratamiento de la anemia de hemopatías malignas (HM). Sin embargo, la tasa de respuestas es variable por diversos factores como el déficit funcional de hierro (DFF). El nivel de hemoglobina (Hb) reticulocitaria es un parámetro fácil de obtener que ha mostrado su utilidad en el diagnóstico del DFF. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar qué pacientes con HM tratados con AREs presentan DFF y si la Hb reticulocitaria predice la respuesta hemoglobínica en estos enfermos. Se incluyeron 42 pacientes con diagnostico de Mieloma Múltiple (n=17), Linfoma no Hodgkin (n=14), Linfoma de Hodgkin (n=3), Leucemia Linfática Crónica (n=4), Síndrome Mielodisplásico (n=2), Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda (n=1) y Leucemia Mieloblástica Aguda (n=1). Veinticinco fueron tratados con Epoetina-beta, diez y seis con Darbepoetina y uno con Epoetina alfa.La respuesta fue favorable en el 28%, 53% y 58% de lospacientes a las 3, 6 y 12 semanas de tratamiento, respectivamente. Se detectó DFF en el 17% de los pacientes. En cuanto a la respuesta, no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los pacientes con y sin DFF, si bien, a mitad de tratamiento, fue ligeramente superior en el grupo sin DFF (57% vs 43%, p>0.05). El nivel basal de Hb reticulocitaria se correlacionó con el grado de respuesta global a las 12 semanas de finalizar el tratamiento. Así, el 79% de los pacientes respondedores tenían una Hb reticulocitaria inicial >36·5 pg, mientras que este porcentaje bajó al 30% en los no respondedores (p = 0.024)En resumen, la Hb reticulocitaria es un método sensible ypreciso para detectar DFF en pacientes con HM bajo tratamiento con AREs. Además, un nivel elevado de Hb reticulocitaria basal es un parámetro que se asocia con respuesta favorable al tratamiento
The Erythropoietin-Receptor stimulating Agents (ERAs) areindicated in the supportive treatment of the anemia in hematological malignancies (HM). However, the response rate is variable due to factors such as the functional iron deficiency (FID). The level of the reticulocyte hemoglobin (RHb) is an easy-to-obtain parameter very useful for the diagnostic of the FID.The purpose of this study was to evaluate which patientswith HM treated with ERAs present FID. In addition, wetried to asses if the level of RH predicts the response in these patients.We included 42 patients with the following diagnostics:Multiple Myeloma (n= 17), Non Hodgkin Lymphoma(n=14), Hodgkin Lymphoma (n=3), Chronic lymphocyticLeukemia (n=4), Myelodisplastic syndrome (n=2), Acutelymphoblastic Leukemia (n=1), and Acute mieloblasticLeuKemia (n=1). Twenty five of them were treated withEpoetin beta, sixteen with darbepoetin alfa and one withEpoetin alfa at standard doses. The response was favorable in 28%, 53% and 58% of patients at the third, sixth and twelfth week of the treatment, respectively. FID was detected in 17% of the patients. Theresponse rate was not statistical significant different between patients with and without FID, although it was slightly superior in the group without FID (57% vs. 43%, p>0.05). Seventy nine percent of patients with a favorable response at twelve weeks showed an initial RH >36·5 pg, while this percentage was only 30% in patients who did not respond (p=0.024).In conclusion, RH is a sensitive and specific method to detect FID in patients with HM who are treated with ERAs.Furthermore, the high level of RH at the baseline is a predictor of favorable response of treatment, in these patients
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Receptors, Erythropoietin/therapeutic use , 16595/diagnosis , Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy , 16595/complications , 16595/etiology , Hematologic Neoplasms/complications , Reticulocyte CountABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) with colony-forming capacity and compare them with the monocytic-macrophage lineage. METHODS: Forty-two healthy donors were analyzed. EPC were cultured with VEGF and b-FGF. Sequential studies were performed on days +7 (colonies) +21 and +35. Monocytic cells were cultured using the same conditions as EPC until day +21 or alternatively by adding IGF. RESULTS: The number of EPC colonies was higher in BM than in mobilized or steady-state PB. Using EPC medium, monocytic cells formed cord-like structures but no colonies. However, colonies grew when IGF was added to the medium. By immunocytochemistry, colonies showed CD45, CD31 and lysozyme but no vWF. Colonies were CD4+, CD13+dim, CD14+, CD15++, CD16-/+dim, CD31+dim, CD33+dim, CD45+, CD105-/+dim, lysozyme+ and VE-cadherin+, and constantly negative for CD34, CD133 and KDR, when flow cytometry was used. The immunophenotype of pre-cultured and cultured monocytes was similar to that described for EPC. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that the so-called 'EPC' obtained at 7 days of culture belong to the monocyte-macrophage lineage, as they share immunophenotypic and molecular features.
