Polymorphisms in MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in Turkish patients with prostate cancer.

AIM: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer deaths in the Western male population. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) modulate the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The imbalance between MMPs and TIMPs may lead to an emergence of pathological processes such as cancer. In this study, the association between TIMP-2 (-418 G/C) and MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) polymorphisms and prostate cancer in the Turkish population was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one prostate cancer patients and 46 healthy subjects were included in the study. DNA was isolated from 2 mL of peripheral blood taken from subjects, and genotypes were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS: The TIMP-2 -418 (GC) genotype was found in 15 cases (32.6%) in the control group and in 9 cases (14.8%) in the patients group, and statistical significance was determined (P = 0.037, OR = 0.346). The MMP-2 -1306 (CT) genotype was found 2.17 times more in the patient group than in the control group (P = 0.149, OR = 2.17). CONCLUSION: Our results show that the TIMP-2 -418 (GC) genotype had a putative protective effect against prostate cancer.

Otosclerosis and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism.

OBJECTIVE: The possible genetic relationship between otosclerosis and Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism is uncertain. The aim of this study is to assess association between otosclerosis and VDR gene polymorphisms. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control Studies. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Clinical diagnosis of stapes fixation was based on otoscopic, audiometric, tympanometric and surgical findings. We identified 25 eligible patient and 60 controls to investigate the association of the VDR gene polymorphisms FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and Taq I with otosclerosis. The patient and control DNA was genotyped for; VDR Bsm I (rs1544410), VDR Apa I (rs7975232), VDR Taq I (rs731236) and VDR Fok I (rs2228570) gene. Primer, simple probe sequences was genotyped by RT-PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant association between VDR gene and otosclerosis in polymorphism Taq I, Apa I and Bsm I. There was no significant association between VDR gene and otosclerosis in polymorphism Foq I. CONCLUSION: Three polymorphisms (Taq I, Apa I and Bsm I) in the VDR gene appear to be associated to susceptibility to otosclerosis disorder with otosclerosis patients.