ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Fear of a dental child is most commonly associated with dentist attire and usage of syringe. The objective of the study was to evaluate the preference of dentist's attire and kind of syringe (conventional or camouflage) among different age groups of children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study A total of 750 children aged 4-14 years were included in the study. All the participants were subdivided into five major groups according to their age, i.e., 4-5 years, 6-7 years, 8-9 years, 10-11 years, and 12-14 years. A set of six photographs which included dentists in white-colored apron, pink-colored apron, green-colored apron, blue-colored apron, and gown with cartoon character and dentists without apron (formal attire) along with: (a) camouflage syringe and (b) conventional syringe were provided to every child and was asked to give his/her preference looking at the six set of pictures. The preference of each child was thus recorded. Children's anxiety level during injections and dentist attire was assessed and recorded using two anxiety scales, i.e. the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale faces version and Facial Image Scale. SPSS statistical software and Chi-square test were used. (P < 0.05). RESULTS: A majority of 35.3% participants in the 4-5-years age group preferred aprons with cartoon character, while 65.3% in the 12-14-years age group selected white apron as the preferred choice. Regarding preference of the syringe type, it was observed that 82% of the younger age preferred camouflage syringe and 75% of the older age preferred conventional syringe. On comparison of both the scales, no significant differences were found. About 82% children in the older age group were reported to be nonanxious with white attire and only 14% were anxious with the conventional syringe type. CONCLUSION: Younger children have a greater preference of colorful attire of dentist and camouflage syringe over the conventional one when compared to older children.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Capnography is routinely used for monitoring of patients subjected to sedation for different surgical procedures. There is still paucity of data highlighting the capnographic assessment of patients on midazolam sedation undergoing oral surgical procedures. Hence, we planned the present study to assess the alterations occurring in the end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) values monitored during intravenous (IV) sedation with midazolam during various oral surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study included assessment of alteration in ETCO2 values occurring during oral surgical procedure. After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 40 participants were included in the present study. Pulse oximeter with capnograph (EmcoMeditek Pvt., Ltd., India) device was used for assessment of respiratory rate (RR) and ETCO2 values. The mean of 12 readings over a period of 1 minute before the starting of first infusion was referred to as baseline time. By evaluating the first four readings at an interval of 15 seconds during the 1st minute of infusion, we obtained the 1 minute average reading. All the data were compiled and recorded and assessed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. RESULTS: A total of 40 participants were included, out of which, 20 were males and 20 were females. At the baseline time, mean value of ETCO2 was 31 mm Hg, while mean value of oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 36%. Out of total 40 participants, 15 showed the presence of respiratory depression. Out of these 15 participants, ETCO2 changes from baseline were observed in 13 participants. CONCLUSION: No oxygen should be delivered, unless until required, to the healthy participants undergoing dental sedation procedures, for marinating the sensitivity of pulse oximetry during assessment of respiratory depression. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: In patients undergoing sedation procedures, various monitoring techniques should be employed as respiratory depression is a commonly encountered risk factor.