[Antagonistic acttvity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains--potential biocontrol agents for cereal crops].

The antagonistic activity of strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YKM B-7243 and YKM B-7404 against bacterial and fungal agents of winter wheat diseases was demonstrated. Low antagonistic level against bacterial agents of plant diseases was shown. Antifungal activity of strains against agents of winter wheat was on the low level. High biological efficiency was shown under binary compositions of the studied strains. It was concluded that the enhancing of fungicide and growth-stimulation effects in binary compositions were found.

[Synthesis of extracellular phythohormones by Bacillus strains isolated from different ecological sources].

Synthesis of extracellular phytohormones by bacteria strains of the genus Bacillus isolated from different ecological sources (soil and plant) has been researched. It has been shown that phytohormone's synthesis ability of the endophytic and free-living Bacillus strains is significantly different as regards the level and spectrum of synthesized compounds. It was concluded that such differences in synthesis of extracellular phytohormones by bacilli are associated with different type of interactions between the studied microorganisms and host plant.

[Antialcoholic properties of a subalin probiotic drug].

Efficiency of a subalin probiotic drug created on the basis of live microbic cultures was investigated, at acute alcoholic intoxication developed in experimental animals. It was shown that after one time administration of this drug to animals there was no considerable influence on activity of the main enzymes of ethanol metabolism--alcohol- and aldehyde dehydrogenase both in animals with an alcoholic intoxication and without. However subalin induced considerable changes in the quantitative maintenance of acetaldehyde in blood of animals with alcoholic intoxication, which concentration decreased almost in 20 times.

[Effect of culture media pH on biosynthesis of hydrolytic enzymes in bacilli].

The effect of pH value of cultivation medium on biosynthesis by bacteria of Bacillus genus of different types of hydrolases has been studied. The optimum pH medium values for each of the studied enzymes were chosen that allowed to increase the activity of produced xylanases and lypases--1.3-1.5 times, endoglucanases--4-5 times, cellobiases--18-20 times and pectinases more than 2 times.

[Structural components and peculiarities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm organization].

Peculiarities of the structural organization of bacterial biofilm during its formation and disintegration have been investigated on the model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCM B-900 (ATCC 9027). It was shown, that development of the biofilm in a stationary system on glass was a two-vector process with changes in time and space. P. aeruginosa UCM B-900 biofilm is formed from single cells, passes through the stages of base components, net structure, islands and comes to the end with integration into a complete monolayer. The biofilm degradation repeats the stages of its formation in the reverse sequence.

[Influence of Pseudomonas aureofaciens exopolysaccharides on tumour formation caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens].

The ability of exopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas aureofaciens strains UKM B-111 and UKM B-306, components of insectofungicidal preparation Gaupsin, to influence the process of tumour formation caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Bacterial polysaccharides, obtained on Kozer medium with glucose (possible alginates) blocked agrobacterium cell adhesion by 29-49%. Those obtained on the medium with sucrose polysaccharides (possible levans) by 30-75% inhibit later stages of tumour formation. The paper is presented in Ukrainian.

[Department of Antibiotics: results of research activity during 80 years--since the foundation till now].

The paper on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is dedicated to the research activity of one of its oldest subdivision--the Department ofAntibiotics. The basic trends of scientific researches and their most important results for the whole period of the Department extistance, and more in detail for the recent 5-7 years have been generalized. Results of fundamental ecological-taxonomic researches of bacteria from genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, as well as salt water Alteromonas-like bacteria, investigation of regularity of production of antibiotics and other biologically active substances by bacteria and higher plants, creation and investigation of new antibiotics, probiotics and other biological drugs.

[The antibiotic sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from newborn infants]. / Chutlyvist' do antybiotykiv mikroorhanizmiv, vydelenykh vid novonarodzhenykh.

Bacterial strains (219) isolated from newborn children were studied for their sensitivity to 17 antibiotics. In the case of the species studied the increase of resistance to cephalothin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol by 5.7 to 43% was found. This evidenced for a necessity to revise the tactics of their further use for treatment and prophylaxis, while the identification of the strains resistant to ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin evidenced for the appearance of new resistance determinants. The high level of resistance to antibiotics and practically identical profile of antibiotics in the strains isolated from newborns and epidemiologically significant environmental objects in the examined hospitals do point to possible colonization of newborns by the hospital strains.