Author Correction: Network of proteins, enzymes and genes linked to biomass degradation shared by Trichoderma species.

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Network of proteins, enzymes and genes linked to biomass degradation shared by Trichoderma species.

Understanding relationships between genes responsible for enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and synergistic reactions is fundamental for improving biomass biodegradation technologies. To reveal synergistic reactions, the transcriptome, exoproteome, and enzymatic activities of extracts from Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma reesei and Trichoderma atroviride under biodegradation conditions were examined. This work revealed co-regulatory networks across carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy) genes and secreted proteins in extracts. A set of 80 proteins and respective genes that might correspond to a common system for biodegradation from the studied species were evaluated to elucidate new co-regulated genes. Differences such as one unique base pair between fungal genomes might influence enzyme-substrate binding sites and alter fungal gene expression responses, explaining the enzymatic activities specific to each species observed in the corresponding extracts. These differences are also responsible for the different architectures observed in the co-expression networks.

Use of a new Trichoderma harzianum strain isolated from the Amazon rainforest with pretreated sugar cane bagasse for on-site cellulase production.

The on-site production of cellulases is an important strategy for the development of sustainable second-generation ethanol production processes. This study concerns the use of a specific cellulolytic enzyme complex for hydrolysis of pretreated sugar cane bagasse. Glycosyl hydrolases (FPase, xylanase, and ß-glucosidase) were produced using a new strain of Trichoderma harzianum, isolated from the Amazon rainforest and cultivated under different conditions. The influence of the carbon source was first investigated using shake-flask cultures. Selected carbon sources were then further studied under different pH conditions using a stirred tank bioreactor. Enzymatic activities up to 121 FPU/g, 8000 IU/g, and 1730 IU/g of delignified steam-exploded bagasse+sucrose were achieved for cellulase, xylanase and ß-glucosidase, respectively. This enzymatic complex was used to hydrolyze pretreated sugar cane bagasse. A comparative evaluation, using an enzymatic extract from Trichoderma reesei RUTC30, indicated similar performance of the T. harzianum enzyme complex, being a potential candidate for on-site production of enzymes.