Subject(s)
Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology , Ovulation/drug effects , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Female , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives , Injections, Intramuscular , Molecular Sequence Data , Ovary/drug effects , Punishment , Rats , Restraint, Physical , Stress, Psychological/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The paper is devoted to comparative analysis of the activity of peptides (LH-RH analogs) with relation to their action on ovulation as well as on the learning capabilities and their effect on immobilization stress in rats. The acceleration of learning processes and elimination of immobilization stress were shown to be caused by LH-RH and its analogs, regulating actively ovulation under experimental conditions. The comparative evaluation of their action has shown that LH-RH analogs-antagonists produce a more marked effect on the process of learning and elimination of stress consequences than its analogs-agonists.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology , Ovary/drug effects , Animals , Conditioning, Classical/drug effects , Emotions/drug effects , Estrus/drug effects , Female , Ovulation/drug effects , Rats , Restraint, PhysicalSubject(s)
Brain/physiology , Electroencephalography , Neuropeptides/physiology , Animals , Electrodes , Female , Male , RabbitsABSTRACT
Some aspects of the effect of LH-RH on behavior reactions and CNS activity were investigated. LH-RH was shown to produce a positive effect on teaching processes in animals, to possess analgesic and antispasmodic activity, and to activate the central nervous system. The adaptogenic properties of LH-RH necessitated a study of its potential to stop dysadaptation.
Subject(s)
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology , Animals , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Central Nervous System/drug effects , Conditioning, Operant/drug effects , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Evoked Potentials/drug effects , Female , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use , Male , Pain/drug therapy , Rabbits , Rats , Seizures/drug therapyABSTRACT
Three new analogues of vasopressin, viz. des-Gly9-[Phe2, Orn8]vasopressin, diglycyl-des-Gly9-[Phe2, Orn8]vasopressin, and diglycyl-des-Gly9-[Val4, Orn8]vasopressin, were synthesized to investigate the structure-function relationship. Hormonal (vasopressor, antidiuretic, uterotonic, galactogogic) activities of the new compounds were determined, their effect on elaboration and retention of the active avoidance behaviour in rats was studied.
Subject(s)
Vasopressins/chemical synthesis , Animals , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Circular Dichroism , Conditioning, Classical/drug effects , Memory/drug effects , Ornipressin/analogs & derivatives , Ornipressin/chemical synthesis , Ornipressin/pharmacology , Rabbits , Rats , Vasopressins/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The authors presented evidence for the effect of 6 analogues of ACTN4-10 on teaching of albino rats in a labyrinth with negative electrocutaneous reinforcement. Sixteen series of experiments on 192 rats demonstrated a positive effect of corticotropin fragments on memory processes. The activating ACTH fragment effect was shown in recording the background and bioelectrically induced rabbit brain activity in response to a photo-flash in 36 experiments on 18 animals. Three groups of 30 patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome, posttraumatic craniocerebral effect and schizophrenia received injections of corticotropin as a therapeutic agent. A high efficacy of corticotropin in the treatment of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome and after effect of craniocerebral injury and a low efficacy and sometimes aggravation of symptoms in schizophrenia patients were shown.
Subject(s)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/analogs & derivatives , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/pharmacology , Psychotropic Drugs , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/therapeutic use , Adult , Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium/drug therapy , Animals , Brain/drug effects , Brain Injuries/drug therapy , Conditioning, Operant/drug effects , Delayed-Action Preparations , Drug Evaluation , Higher Nervous Activity/drug effects , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Rabbits , Rats , Reinforcement, Psychology , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The intranasal administration of the hypothalamic peptide hormones vasopressin and corticotropin was used in the therapy of alcohol abstinence syndrome, acute and chronic alcoholic psychoses and in the conditioned reflex therapy of alcoholism. The proposed methods of therapy were fairly effective and free of complications and marked side effects.
Subject(s)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/therapeutic use , Alcoholism/therapy , Ethanol/adverse effects , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/therapy , Vasopressins/therapeutic use , Administration, Intranasal , Adult , Alcohol Amnestic Disorder/therapy , Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use , Clinical Trials as Topic , Conditioning, Classical , Humans , Middle Aged , Piracetam/therapeutic use , Vitamin B Complex/therapeutic useABSTRACT
In 24 women with simple and ophthalamic migraine the authors employed neuropeptide 8-arginine-vasopressin under control of plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol and rheoencephalographic parameters. The authors observed a marked clinical effect, normalization of hypothalamoadrenal function and improvement in the cerebral hemodynamics.
Subject(s)
Arginine Vasopressin/therapeutic use , Migraine Disorders/drug therapy , Administration, Intranasal , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood , Adult , Cerebrovascular Circulation , Female , Humans , Hydrocortisone/blood , Migraine Disorders/etiology , Migraine Disorders/physiopathology , Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiopathology , Plethysmography, ImpedanceABSTRACT
Neuropeptides are shown to exert a powerful influence on mnestic processes. They actively eliminate phenomena of electric-shock amnesia, the strongest agent here being arginine vasopressin, while derivatives of oxytocin, enkephalin, and melanostatin are active to a lesser degree. The selective effect on primary learning (ACTH4-7 and Leu-enkephalin) and on the consolidation and restoration of memory (vasopressin and oxytocin), and the presence of only antiamnestic properties (analog of the melanocyte-inhibiting factor) - all this suggests different mechanisms of action of these agents. Memory modulators act more strongly upon activated systems that are already prepared to receive the signal. A promising object for future study as a therapeutic antiamnestic factor is the long-term memory modulator arginine vasopressin.
Subject(s)
Amnesia/drug therapy , Memory/drug effects , Peptides/pharmacology , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/pharmacology , Animals , Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Enkephalin, Leucine/pharmacology , Humans , MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone/analogs & derivatives , MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone/pharmacology , Oxytocin/analogs & derivatives , Oxytocin/pharmacology , Peptide Fragments/pharmacology , RatsABSTRACT
The effect of insulin and its seven synthetic derivatives on spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex of rabbits was described in the paper. The influence of these substances on consolidation of long-term memory of white rats was shown at normal state and during experimental neurosis. Insulin was supposed to influence the higher nervous activity not only through glucose metabolism but also by means of increase of permeability of biological membranes for amino acids.
Subject(s)
Brain/physiopathology , Conditioning, Classical/physiology , Insulin/therapeutic use , Neurotic Disorders/drug therapy , Animals , Chinchilla , Electroencephalography , Female , Humans , Insulin/analogs & derivatives , Insulin/physiology , Male , Memory/physiology , Neurotic Disorders/physiopathologySubject(s)
Memory Disorders/drug therapy , Pituitary Hormones, Posterior/therapeutic use , Adult , Amnesia/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/complications , Male , Memory Disorders/etiology , Middle Aged , Neurasthenia/complications , Temporal Lobe/blood supply , Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency/complicationsABSTRACT
The effects of synthetic neuropeptide LH-RH and its analogues were studied in experiments on 174 white male rats. The influence of the substances was shown on instrumental avoidance learning in Y-shaped maze. Convulsive and anticonvulsive effects of the preparations were studied on experimental model of corasol seizures. The analgetic effect of the substances was evaluated by behavioural pain reaction to electrical stimulation of the tail root. Analgetic, anticonvulsive, and psychostimulating LH-RH properties confirm polyfunctionality and "pleiotropy" of neuropeptides as a class of new endogenous informational compounds.
