ABSTRACT
We performed a complex analysis of total and fetal extracellular DNA, 8 cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, granulocyte-macrophage CSF, IFNγ, and TNFα) in blood plasma obtained from women with preeclampsia prior to labor onset. Total (sensitivity 89.47%, specificity 93.75%) and fetal extracellular DNA (sensitivity 73.68%, specificity 87.5%) were the most accurate parameters determining preeclampsia. We revealed a high correlation (p=3×10-6) between total and fetal extracellular DNA levels in the group of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia significantly increased the levels of macrophage factors IL-10 and IL-6. These cytokines significantly correlated with the levels of total and fetal extracellular DNA in the preeclampsia group. In the control group, such correlations were not observed. These findings obtained suggest that preeclampsia develops upon increased macrophage activity, leading to destruction of the placenta trophoblast cells.
Subject(s)
DNA/blood , Interleukin-10/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Placenta/metabolism , Pre-Eclampsia/blood , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Female , Fetus , Gene Expression Regulation , Humans , Interleukin-10/genetics , Interleukin-6/genetics , Placenta/pathology , Pre-Eclampsia/genetics , Pre-Eclampsia/pathology , Pregnancy , SOXB1 Transcription Factors/blood , SOXB1 Transcription Factors/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/blood , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
A new method for selection of bacterium antibiotic resistance genes is proposed and tested for solving the problems related to selection of primers for PCR assay. The method implies clustering of similar nucleotide sequences and selection of group primers for all genes of each cluster. Clustering of resistance genes for six groups of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, ß-lactams, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, macrolides and lincosamides, and fusidic acid) was performed. The method was tested for 81 strains of bacteria of different genera isolated from patients (K. pneumoniae, Staphylococcus spp., S. agalactiae, E. faecalis, E. coli, and G. vaginalis). The results obtained by us are comparable to those in the selection of individual genes; this allows reducing the number of primers necessary for maximum coverage of the known antibiotic resistance genes during PCR analysis.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods , DNA Primers/chemical synthesis , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Aminoglycosides/pharmacology , DNA Primers/genetics , Enterococcus faecalis/drug effects , Enterococcus faecalis/genetics , Enterococcus faecalis/growth & development , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/genetics , Escherichia coli/growth & development , Fluoroquinolones/pharmacology , Fusidic Acid/pharmacology , Gardnerella vaginalis/drug effects , Gardnerella vaginalis/genetics , Gardnerella vaginalis/growth & development , Glycopeptides/pharmacology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genetics , Klebsiella pneumoniae/growth & development , Lincosamides/pharmacology , Macrolides/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Multigene Family , Staphylococcus/drug effects , Staphylococcus/genetics , Staphylococcus/growth & development , Streptococcus agalactiae/drug effects , Streptococcus agalactiae/genetics , Streptococcus agalactiae/growth & development , beta-Lactams/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Non-invasive deep brain acoustic thermometry is carried out for two patients at Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute. This method is based on the measurements of the own thermal acoustic radiation of the investigated object. These two patients have got the brain injury. Some of their skull bones are absent. Infrared thermometry was also used to measure the surface temperature of the forehead skin. On the basis of the experimental data the temperatures deep within the brain were reconstructed. The values for the two patients are equal to 37.3 0.7 and 37.0 0.3 degrees C.
Subject(s)
Acoustics/instrumentation , Brain Injuries/physiopathology , Skin Temperature , Thermometry , Adult , Brain Injuries/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Thermometry/instrumentation , Thermometry/methodsABSTRACT
In H. asiaticum the cells of the Malpighian tubules and these of the rectal cas have the uniform structure: the apical surface is covered with microvilli, the basal plasmatic membrane forms relatively small invaginations. As to ultrastructural characters, there is no distinct division of the Malpighian tubule into departments. The distal ends of the tubules are only somewhat enlarged and form the so-called ampulla the cells of which are noticeably flattened. The microvilli and basal folds of the plasmatic membrane in this area of the tubule are indistinct. The cells of the ampulla and the neighbouring area of the tubule are characterized by the presence of inclusions with mucopolysaccharide secretion confined by the membrane. The microvilli are most developed on cells of the proximal ends of the Malpighian tubules. Well developed microvilli of the rectal sac form a striated border each containing a microtube inside. The basal invaginations are developed here better than in the cells of the Malpighian tubules.