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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38642387

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The relationship of cognition and the 24-hour activity cycles (24-HAC), encompassing physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains uncertain. Distinct combinations of 24-HAC behaviours can characterize unique activity profiles and influence cognition. We aimed to characterize 24-HAC activity profiles in older adults with MCI and assess whether differences in cognition exist across profiles. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis utilizing baseline data from three randomized controlled trials involving 253 community-dwelling older adults (55+ years) with MCI (no functional impairment, dementia diagnosis, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment score <26/30). Using MotionWatch8© wrist-worn actigraphy (+5 days), we captured the 24-HAC. Cognition was indexed by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale Cognitive Plus (ADAS-Cog-Plus). Compositional data and latent profile analyses identified distinct 24-HAC activity profiles. Analysis of covariance examined whether 24-HAC activity profiles differed in cognition. RESULTS: Four distinct activity profiles were identified. Profile 1 ("Average 24-HAC," n=108) engaged in all 24-HAC behaviours around the sample average. Profile 2 ("Active Chillers," n=64) depicted lower-than-average engagement in physical activity and higher-than-average sedentary behaviour. Profile 3 ("Physical Activity Masters," n=56) were the most active and the least sedentary. Profile 4 ("Sedentary Savants," n=25) were the least active and the most sedentary. Sleep was similar across profiles. There were no significant differences in ADAS-Cog-Plus scores between 24-HAC activity profiles (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Older adults with MCI exhibited four 24-HAC activity profiles conforming to recommended physical activity and sleep guidelines. Nonetheless, cognition was similar across these profiles.

2.
Geroscience ; 46(2): 2755-2764, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37943486

ABSTRACT

We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of aerobic exercise training (AET) lasting ≥ 4 weeks on hippocampal volume and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in cognitively unimpaired, healthy older individuals. Random-effects robust variance estimation models were used to test differences between AET and controls, while meta-regressions tested associations between CRF and hippocampal volume changes. We included eight studies (N = 554) delivering fully supervised AET for 3 to 12 months (M = 7.8, SD = 4.5) with an average AET volume of 129.85 min/week (SD = 45.5) at moderate-to-vigorous intensity. There were no significant effects of AET on hippocampal volume (SMD = 0.10, 95% CI - 0.01 to 0.21, p = 0.073), but AET moderately improved CRF (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.48, p = 0.005). Improvement in CRF was not associated with changes in hippocampal volume (bSE = 0.05, SE = 0.51, p = 0.923). From the limited number of studies, AET does not seem to impact hippocampal volume in cognitively unimpaired, healthy older individuals. Notable methodological limitations across investigations might mask the lack of effects.


Subject(s)
Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Exercise , Humans , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Health Status , Hippocampus/diagnostic imaging
4.
Ageing Res Rev ; 80: 101698, 2022 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35853549

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of low- vs. high-intensity aerobic and resistance training on motor and cognitive function, brain activation, brain structure, and neurochemical markers of neuroplasticity and the association thereof in healthy young and older adults and in patients with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. DESIGN: Systematic review and robust variance estimation meta-analysis with meta-regression. DATA SOURCES: Systematic search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases. RESULTS: Fifty studies with 60 intervention arms and 2283 in-analyses participants were included. Due to the low number of studies, the three patient groups were combined and analyzed as a single group. Overall, low- (g=0.19, p = 0.024) and high-intensity exercise (g=0.40, p = 0.001) improved neuroplasticity. Exercise intensity scaled with neuroplasticity only in healthy young adults but not in healthy older adults or patient groups. Exercise-induced improvements in neuroplasticity were associated with changes in motor but not cognitive outcomes. CONCLUSION: Exercise intensity is an important variable to dose and individualize the exercise stimulus for healthy young individuals but not necessarily for healthy older adults and neurological patients. This conclusion warrants caution because studies are needed that directly compare the effects of low- vs. high-intensity exercise on neuroplasticity to determine if such changes are mechanistically and incrementally linked to improved cognition and motor function.


Subject(s)
Multiple Sclerosis , Resistance Training , Aged , Biomarkers , Cognition/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Humans , Neuronal Plasticity
5.
Br J Sports Med ; 2022 May 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35577539

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of exercise training on the cognitive function of older adults living with different types of dementia, as well as potential moderators of exercise efficacy. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Cochrane Central, PsycINFO, Embase, Medline and CINAHL. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Peer-reviewed, randomised controlled trials, in English (1990-present), which examined the effects of exercise training on the cognitive function of older adults living with dementia. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS: Risk of bias and study quality were assessed (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 and Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale). We performed random-effects models using robust variance estimation and tested moderators using the approximate Hotelling-Zhang test. RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies (n=2158) were included in the qualitative review and 25 in the meta-analysis. For all-cause dementia, a small effect of exercise training on cognitive function was observed (g=0.19; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.33; p=0.009). Type of dementia and exercise training characteristics did not moderate the effects of exercise training on cognitive function (p>0.05). Adherence to the intervention moderated the cognitive outcome effect size such that greater mean adherence was associated with greater cognitive outcome effect sizes (b=0.02; SE=0.01; p=0.005). CONCLUSION: Exercise training showed small benefits for the cognitive function of older adults living with all-cause dementia. More research and standardised reporting of exercise training characteristics can strengthen the evidence for what works best for which types of dementia. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020198716.

6.
JMIR Form Res ; 4(3): e13900, 2020 Mar 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32159520

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is associated with worse asthma outcomes. African American women experience disparities in both physical inactivity and asthma relative to their white counterparts. We conducted a modified evidence-based walking intervention supplemented with mobile health (mHealth) technologies to increase physical activity (PA). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the preliminary feasibility of a 7-week walking intervention modified for African American women with asthma. METHODS: African American women with suboptimally controlled asthma were identified from a health system serving low-income minorities. At a baseline data collection visit, participants performed spirometry and incremental shuttle walk test, completed questionnaires, and were given an accelerometer to wear for 1 week. The intervention comprised an informational study manual and 3 in-person group sessions over 7 weeks, led by a nurse interventionist, in a community setting. The supplemental mHealth tools included a wearable activity tracker device (Fitbit Charge HR) and one-way text messages related to PA and asthma 3 times per week. A secure Web-based research platform, iCardia, was used to obtain Fitbit data in real time (wear time, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] and sedentary time) and send text messages. The feasibility of the intervention was assessed in the domains of recruitment capability, acceptability (adherence, retention, engagement, text messaging, acceptability, complaints, and concerns), and preliminary outcome effects on PA behavior (change in steps, duration, and intensity). RESULTS: We approached 22 women, of whom 10 were eligible; 7 consented, enrolled and completed the study. Group session attendance was 71% (5/7), 86% (6/7), and 86% (6/7), respectively, across the 3 sessions. All participants completed evaluations at each group session. The women reported being satisfied or very satisfied with the program (eg, location, time, and materials). None of them had concerns about using, charging, or syncing the Fitbit device and app. Participants wore their Fitbit device for at least 10 hours per day in 44 out of the 49 intervention days. There was an increase in Fitbit-measured MVPA from week 1 (19 min/week, SD 14 min/week) to the last week of intervention (22 min/week, SD 12 min/week; Cohen d=0.24, 95% CI 0.1 to 6.4). A slight decrease in step count was observed from week 1 (8926 steps/day, SD 2156 steps/day) to the last week of intervention (8517 steps/day, SD 1612 steps/day; Cohen d=-0.21, 95% CI -876.9 to 58.9). CONCLUSIONS: The initial feasibility results of a 7-week community-based walking intervention tailored for African American women with asthma and supplemented with mHealth tools are promising. Modifications to recruitment, retention, and the intervention itself are needed. These findings support the need to conduct a further modified pilot trial to collect additional data on feasibility and estimate the efficacy of the intervention on asthma and PA outcomes.

7.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol ; 33(4): 185-194, 2020 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31510848

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify sources of caregiver burden in middle-aged and older Latino caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease and related dementia (ADRD). METHODS: Participants were recruited through an agreement with the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Clinic Data Repository. We conducted semistructured interviews with 16 middle-aged and older Latinos who were the primary caregiver for a family member diagnosed with ADRD. The interview guide consisted of questions and probes to capture participants' perceptions of family caregiving. Direct content analysis was performed. RESULTS: Participants were aged 50 to 75 years (n = 16) and a majority female (n = 12). The sources of burden identified were (1) caregiver responsibilities, (2) caregiving-related health decline, (3) lack of support, (4) financial status, (5) vigilance, and (6) concerns about the future. CONCLUSIONS: The influence of gender roles seemed to play a role in caregivers' perceptions of sources of burden, especially on caregiver responsibilities and perceptions of lack of support. Latinos cultural values such as familismo and marianismo likely reinforced gender disparities in family caregiving.


Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Alzheimer Disease/nursing , Caregivers/psychology , Cost of Illness , Hispanic or Latino/psychology , Aged , Female , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
8.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 18(2): 89-102, ago. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-955996

ABSTRACT

Este estudo investigou a ansiedade-estado e a coesão em 62 atletas de handebol. Foram utilizados o Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo e o Inventário de Ansiedade-Estado Competitiva-2. As análises foram realizadas pela Anova de Medidas Repetidas, t de Student, coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e Regressão simples. Os resultados evidenciaram que enquanto a coesão (tarefa) aumentou durante a competição para os homens, a coesão (social/tarefa) das mulheres diminuiu. O nível de ansiedade somática das mulheres sofreu redução durante o torneio. A ansiedade somática impactou significativamente a integração para o grupo (social/tarefa) e a atração individual (social) das mulheres no jogo final. Já para os homens, a autoconfiança apresentou efeito inverso sobre a integração para o grupo (tarefa) e atração individual (social/tarefa) (p < 0,05). Concluiu-se que, em momentos decisivos, mulheres buscam na coesão uma fonte de controle dos efeitos fisiológicos da ansiedade e os homens utilizam a coesão para controlar a autoconfiança.


This study investigated the state-anxiety and team cohesion among 62 handball athletes. data collection was conducted with the Group Environment Questionnaire and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. data analysis was conducted using the repeated measures of variance, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and simple regression. Results showed that while men's cohesion (task) increased during the competition, women's cohesion (social/task) decreased. The women's level of somatic anxiety reduced during the tournament. Somatic anxiety impacted significantly over women's integration for the group (social/task) and individual attraction (social) in the final game. For men, the self-confidence had an inverse effect over groups integration (task) and individual attraction (social/task) (p < 0,05). It was concluded that for women the increase of the anxiety physiological effects in decisive moments positively influences their perception of cohesion, and men use cohesion to control the self-confidence.


Este estudio investigó la ansiedad-estado y la cohesión en 62 jugadores de balonmano. Fue utilizado el Cuestionario de Ambiente Grupal y el Inventario de Ansiedad-Estado Competitiva 2. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante Anova para medidas repetidas, t de Student, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y de regresión simple. los resultados indican que la cohesión (tarea) de los hombres aumentó a lo largo de la competición, mientras que la cohesión (social/tarea) de las mujeres disminuyó. la ansiedad somática impactó significativamente la integración en el grupo (social/tarea) y la atracción individual (social) de las mujeres en el partido final. ya para los hombres, la autoconfianza presentó efecto inverso sobre la integración en el grupo (tarea) y atracción individual (social/tarea) (p < 0,05). Se concluye que, en momentos decisivos, las mujeres buscan en la cohesión una fuente de control de los efectos fisiológicos de la ansiedad y los hombres los hombres usan la cohesión para controlar la autoconfianza.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anxiety , Social Cohesion , Sports , Trust
9.
Rev. bras. educ. fís. esp ; 29(4): 641-651, out.-dez. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-767869

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi validar para a língua portuguesa e para uma população brasileira o Telic Dominance Scale (TDS). Participaram do estudo quatro tradutores e três doutores em Psicologia do Esporte envolvidos nos processos de tradução, adaptação e validação de conteúdo da versão para língua portuguesa do TDS. A amostra foi composta por 391 atletas de 16 municípios do Estado do Paraná e São Paulo participantes da fase final dos Jogos Abertos do Paraná 2012 e dos Jogos Abertos do Interior de São Paulo 2012. O instrumento de validação foi o Telic Dominance Scale (TDS). Foi realizada a dupla tradução reversa, análise da validade de conteúdo, análise descritiva dos dados por meio de valores de média, desvio-padrão, mínimo e máximo, alfa de Cronbach, coeficiente de correlação intraclasses e análise fatorial confirmatória. Os resultados demonstraram que 12 itens do TDS foram excluídos da versão para língua portuguesa devido a valores insuficientes no coeficiente de validação de conteúdo; a consistência interna de duas dimensões do instrumento foi satisfatória (α= 0,75 e α= 0,74) e de uma dimensão foi abaixo do recomendável (α= 0,44); demonstrou-se boa estabilidade temporal com coeficiente de correlação intraclasses oscilando entre r = 0,90 e r = 0,98; quanto à validade de constructo, 13 itens foram excluídos por não apresentarem confiabilidade individual; de forma geral; os valores dos indicadores de ajuste absoluto, incremental e parcimonioso do modelo do TDS com 17 itens (X2= 216,26, GL =117, p = 0,001, X2/gl = 1,84, GFI = 0,94, RMR = 0,09, RMSEA = 0,04, TLI = 0,82, NFI = 0,81, AGFI = 0,92, CFI = 0,90, ECVI = 0,72) expressaram a validade de constructo aceitável da versão para língua portuguesa. Conclui-se: a Escala de Dominância Télica (TDS), versão para língua portuguesa do Telic Dominance Scale (TDS) é válida e confiável para aplicação no contexto brasileiro.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to validate to portuguese language and Brazilian population the Telic Dominance Scale (TDS). Participated four translators and three PhD in sports psychology in the processes of translation, adaptation and content validation to portuguese language of TDS. The sample was composed of 391 athletes of 16 cities of Paraná and São Paulo state participants of 2012 Parana's Open Games 2012 São Paulo's Interior Open Games. The validation instrument was the Telic Dominance Scale (TDS). It was used the back translation method, analysis of content validity, descriptive analysis of data by mean values (X), standard deviation (SD), minimum and maximum, Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient and confirmatory factorial analysis. Results demonstrated that 12 items were excluded from the TDS portuguese version due insufficient values in validation content coefficient; the internal consistency of two dimensions of the instrument were satisfactory (α = 0.75 and α = 0.74), but one dimension was below the recommended (α = 0.44); showed good temporal stability by intraclass correlation coefficient ranging between r = 0.90 and r = 0.98; regarding construct validity, 13 items were excluded because they did not present individual reliability; generally, the values of absolute, incremental and parsimonious model fit indicators of TDS with 17 items (X2 = 216.26, GL = 117, p = 0.001, X2 / df = 1.84, GFI = 0.94, RMR = 0.09, RMSEA = 0.04, TLI = 0.82, NFI = 0.81, AGFI = 0.92, CFI = 0.90, ECVI = 0.72) expressed acceptable construct validity of the portuguese version. Conclusion: the "Escala de Dominância Télica" (TDS), portuguese language version of Telic Dominance Scale (TDS) is valid and reliable for use in the brazilian context.


Subject(s)
Psychometrics/methods , Sports/standards , Athletes
10.
Rev. educ. fis ; 25(3): 441-458, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-732965

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a adaptação transcultural da Escala de Motivação para o Esporte-II (SMS-II). Para tanto, foram realizados três estudos. O primeiro consistiu em traduzir a SMS-II para o português e adaptar seu conteúdo para o contexto brasileiro. No segundo, 364 atletas de modalidades individuais e coletivas responderam à versão adaptada da SMS-II. No estudo 3, 50 atletas responderam à SMS-II em dois momentos. O estudo 1 evidenciou que a versão em português contém questões claras e relevantes (CVC > 0,80). O estudo 2 mostrou que a SMS-II possui boa consistência interna em todas as dimensões (α > 0,70/CC > 0,70), com exceção da regulação introjetada (α > 0,61/CC > 0,56). A análise fatorial confirmatória demonstrou que todos os itens, exceto 1 e 7 (regulação introjetada), apresentaram cargas fatoriais aceitáveis; o modelo final da SMS-II (modificado) teve ajuste satisfatório e a análise multigrupos apontou a invariância entre homens e mulheres. Ademais, o estudo 3 evidenciou a estabilidade temporal da escala (CCI > 0,70). Concluiu-se que a adaptação transcultural da SMS-II para a língua portuguesa apresentou propriedades psicométricas aceitáveis; entretanto, suas limitações devem ser exploradas em futuras pesquisas.


This study analyzed the cross-cultural adaptation of the Sport Motivation Scale-II (SMS-II). To this end, three studies were conducted. The first consisted of translating SMS-II to the Portuguese language and adapt its content to the Brazilian context. In the second, 364 athletes from a range of individual and team sports responded to the adapted version of SMS-II. In study 3, 50 athletes responded to the SMS-II at two moments. Study 1 showed that the Portuguese version contains clear and relevant questions (CVC>0.80). Study 2 revealed that SMS-II has good internal reliability (α>0.70/CR>0.70), except the Introjected Regulation (α>0.61/CR>0.56). Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed that all items had acceptable factor loadings, except itens 1 and 7 (introjected regulation); the final (modified) SMS-II model had satisfactory fit and the multi-group analysis showed the invariance between men and women. Further, study 3 showed acceptable temporal stability (ICC>0.70). It was concluded that the cross-cultural adaptation of the SMS-II to the Portuguese language showed acceptable psychometric properties, however, its limitations must be explored in future studies.

11.
Rev. educ. fis ; 24(2): 215-223, Aprl.-June 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-701506

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre o estilo parental, a motivação e a satisfação atlética de jogadores de beisebol da categoria juvenil. Oitenta e oito atletas (16,20 anos ±1,18) participantes do campeonato brasileiro da categoria juvenil responderam ao questionário SMS para avaliar a motivação atlética, EMBU-p para os estilos parentais e QSA para a satisfação atlética. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para os dados descritivos, U Mann-Whitney para a comparação de grupos, Spearman para a correlação das variáveis e um modelo de regressão múltipla, adotando p<0,05. Verificou-se que atletas de beisebol são mais intrinsecamente motivados, têm estilos parentais de suporte emocional e estão satisfeitos atleticamente, havendo correlações entre estas três variáveis. Conclui-se que atletas com estilos parentais de suporte emocional são autodeterminados e satisfeitos com seu esporte.


The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between parenting style, motivation and athletic satisfaction of baseball players in youth category. Eighty-eight players (16.20 years ±1.18) participants of the national championship of youth category responded the SMS questionnaire to evaluate athletic motivation, EMBU-p for parenting style and QSA for athletic satisfaction. Data analysis was performed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for descriptive data, U Mann-Whitney for group comparison, Spearman for correlation between variables and a multiple regression model, adopting p<0.05. The results indicated that baseball athletes were more intrinsically motivated, have parenting styles of emotional support and are athletically satisfied, with correlations between those three variables. It is concluded that athletes with parenting styles of emotional support are self-determined and satisfied with the sport.

12.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 15(1): 105-115, abr. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-717627

ABSTRACT

Este estudo descritivo correlacional objetivou analisar a percepção de coesão de grupo de equipes adultas de voleibol do Estado do Paraná. Participaram 155 atletas do gênero masculino e feminino. Como instrumento, utilizou-se o Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo (Group Environment Questionnaire-GEQ). Para a análise dos dados, aplicaram-se o teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov, o alfa de Cronbach, a correlação de Spearman, o Mann-Whitney e a regressão múltipla (p < 0,05). Os resultados demonstraram que as equipes apresentaram bons níveis de coesão de grupo para a tarefa e o social, destacando-se que os maiores níveis de coesão foram observados nas dimensões de atração individual para o grupo-tarefa e social. Notou-se que, quanto mais os atletas se sentem atraídos individualmente para cumprir as tarefas do grupo e se sentem aceitos e envolvidos com a equipe, maior é a união para atingir objetivos. Concluiu-se que as relações interpessoais são fundamentais para o alcance das metas das equipes.


This descriptive correlational study aimed to analyze the perception of group cohesion of volleyball's adult teams of state of Paraná. The subjects were 155 athletes male and female. The instruments used were the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ). For data analysis we applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Cronbach's alpha, Spearman's correlation, Mann-Whitney and Multiple Regression (p < 0.05). The results showed that teams had good levels of group cohesion and social to the task, pointing out that the highest levels of cohesion were observed in the dimensions of Attraction to Individual and Social Task Group, it was noted that the more athletes are drawn individually to accomplish the tasks of the group and feel accepted and involved with the group, bigger is the union of the group to search for goals. It was concluded that interpersonal relationships are fundamental to achieve team goals.


Este estudio descriptivo tuvo como objeto analizar la percepción de cohesión de grupo de equipos adultos de voleibol del estado de Paraná. Compusieron la amuestra 155 deportistas (varones/mujeres). Como instrumento se utilizó el Cuestionario de Ambiente de Grupo. Para el análisis de los datos, se aplicaron el test Kolmogorov-Smirnov, alfa de Cronbach, correlación de Spearman, Mann-Whitney y regresión múltiple (p < 0,05). Los resultados han demostrado que equipos han presentado buenos niveles de cohesión de grupo en la tarea y social. Los más altos niveles de cohesión se observaron en las dimensiones de atracción individual hacia el grupo en la tarea y social. A medida que los deportistas adhieren al cumplimiento de las tareas y se sienten aceptados y comprometidos con el equipo, mayor es la unión del grupo para lograr los objetivos. Se deduce que las relaciones interpersonales fueron una de las claves para la consecución de los objetivos de los equipos.

13.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 14(6): 704-712, nov.-dez. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-662644

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou analisar o nível de coesão de grupo e o estresse psicológico pré-competitivo de atletas adultos de voleibol. Foram sujeitos 155 atletas do gênero masculino e feminino do Estado do Paraná que disputaram a fase final do JAPS 2010/divisão principal (A) e acesso (B). Como instrumentos, utilizaram-se o Questionário de Ambiente de Grupo (QAG) e o Teste de Estresse Psíquico para o Voleibol (TEP-V). Para análise dos dados, aplicaramse-se o alfa de Cronbach, teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, Anova One Way e Post Hoc de Tuckey (p<0,05). Os resultados evidenciaram: os atletas da divisão A foram mais influenciados negativamente pelos fatores de estresse em comparação aos atletas da divisão B; os jogadores da divisão B apresentaram níveis mais altos de coesão de grupo que os atletas da divisão A, nas dimensões de atração individual para o grupo social (p=0,014) e tarefa (p=0,016); os atletas com baixo nível de coesão social foram influenciados negativamente pelos fatores de "Condicionamento físico inadequado" e "Nervosismo excessivo"; atletas com baixo nível de coesão para a tarefa foram influenciados negativamente pelo fator de "Pressão de outras pessoas para ganhar" e positivamente pelo fator "Comportamento da torcida no jogo fora". Concluiu-se: a coesão de grupo demonstra ser um fator interveniente no estresse pré-competitivo, indicando que quanto mais alta a categoria de disputa mais a influência negativa do estresse.


This descriptive study was designed to analyze the level of group cohesion and pre-competitive psychological stress of adult volleyball athletes. The subjects consisted of 155 male and female athletes from the state of Parana who played in the JAPS/ 1st division (A), and 2nd division (B). The assessment instruments used were the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) and the Volleyball Psychic Stress Test (V-PST). For data analysis, the following tools were used: Cronbach's alpha, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, one-way Anova, and Tukey's post hoc (p<0.05). The results revealed that athletes of division A were more negatively influenced by stress factors than the athletes of division B; in terms of individual attraction to the social group (p=0.014) and tasks (p=0016) athletes of division B had higher levels of group cohesion than athletes from division A; athletes with low social cohesion were negatively impacted by factors of "inappropriate physical conditioning" and "excessive nervousness;" athletes with low levels of cohesion for the task were negatively influenced by the factors of "Pressure from other people to win" and positively by the factor "Behavior of the fans in the game outside." It was concluded that group cohesion is demonstrated to be an intervening factor in pre-competitive stress thereby demonstrating that the higher the dispute level, the higher the negative influence of stress.

14.
Motriz rev. educ. fís. (Impr.) ; 17(4): 591-599, out.-dez. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-610990

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência do estado de fluxo em praticantes de escalada e skate downhill. Foram sujeitos 37 praticantes. Como instrumentos foram utilizadas a Escala de Motivação para o Esporte (SMS) e a Ficha de Percepção de Capacidade de Realização da Tarefa. A coleta foi realizada nos locais de prática das atividades. Para análise dos dados foram utilizados Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney e Anova one-way. Os resultados demonstraram: 4,54% dos praticantes de escalada e 13,33% de skate downhill atingiram os elementos do estado de fluxo; a maioria dos praticantes situou-se entre a fase de fluxo estados de ansiedade ou relaxamento e exaltação ou controle; o tempo de prática contribuiu para atingir metas e estado de fluxo. Concluiu-se: o estado de Fluxo teve baixa incidência nos praticantes, havendo interferência da falta de equilíbrio entre percepção das metas, habilidades e desafios nas atividades de aventura.


This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Flow state in climbing and skate downhill practitioners. The subjects were 37 practitioners. The instruments used were the Sport Motivations Scale (SMS) and Perception Capacity Achievement Task Form. Data collection was performed at the locations of these practice activities. For data analysis it was used the Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney and Anova one-way. The results showed: 4,54% of climbing practitioners and 13,33% of skate-downhill reached flow state elements; most of practitioners prevailed between the flow phase of anxiety or relaxation and phase of exaltation or control; and the practice time contributed to reach goals and Flow State. It was concluded that the Flow State had low prevalence in practitioners with interference of lack of balance between the perception of the goals, skills and challenges in the adventure activities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Emotions , Sports/psychology , Perception
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