A 10-year systematic review of theory-driven approaches to increasing catch-up HPV vaccination rates among young adult males in colleges/university settings.

OBJECTIVE: To describe rates and identify factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among young adult males in college/university settings. METHODS: Study was reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Five electronic databases were searched for empirical studies published between 2009 and 2019 and focused on predictors for HPV vaccine uptake. Studies' methodological quality scores ranged between 12 and 23 points. RESULTS: Five hundred and ninety eight titles/abstracts and 154 full-text articles were screened. Eighteen studies were included for final analysis. Results depicted participants' attitude, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers in receiving HPV vaccine. Many participants did not perceive themselves to be susceptible to HPV infection, and barriers to receiving HPV vaccine outweighed benefits. HPV knowledge and vaccination rates were relatively low among respondents. CONCLUSION: Prevention campaigns that increase knowledge, promote positive attitudes, change perception of susceptibility, and address barriers may result in higher HPV vaccination rates among males in college/university settings.

HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: Knowledge and attitude/beliefs among non-clinical staff at community-based HIV/AIDS Service Organizations (ASO) in the south United States (U.S.) census region.

This study describes knowledge and attitude/beliefs about HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer among non-clinical staff, at community-based HIV/AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs) located in the Southern U.S. states of South Carolina and Texas. It also explores the difference in knowledge and attitude/beliefs between Texas-based (n = 21) and South Carolina-based (n = 30) ASO staff. The ASOs in our study provide comprehensive HIV prevention, supportive and care services to individuals living with HIV/AIDS or at risk for HIV/AIDS, through partnerships and collaborations. We collected data from the two Texas-based ASOs in 2018 and the three South Carolina-based ASOs in 2016 via a 118-item, self-administered needs assessment survey. Data were analysed using Stata/SE 15.1. Over half the study participants were females (59%), black (78%), heterosexual (61%) and mean age (years) 44.2 ± 12.8 SD. Most participants (73%) believed that quitting smoking positively impacts health. Alarmingly though, only 32% were aware about HPV as a risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer, and over half (53%) were unsure about the success of the HPV vaccine in preventing oropharyngeal cancer. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences observed in the oropharyngeal cancer-related knowledge and attitudes/beliefs, between ASOs in Texas and South Carolina. ASO staff work closely with people living with HIV (PLWH), who are disproportionately affected by HPV-associated cancers. The low/poor knowledge and attitudes/beliefs regarding the role of HPV in causing oropharyngeal cancer ascertain the need for equipping community health workers with adequate education/training that improves their knowledge and attitudes/beliefs about the role of HPV in causing various forms of cancer.