ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of imaging features for differentiating between small lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Materials and Methods: It included 52 female with LCISs (median 45 years, range 32-67 years) and 180 female with ILCs (median 49 years, range 36-75 years), with the longest diameter of ≤ 2 cm, who were evaluated between January 2012 and December 2016. All the female underwent mammography and ultrasonography. Twenty female with LCIS and 150 female with ILC underwent MRI. The clinical and imaging features were compared, and multivariate analysis was performed to identify the independent predictors of LCIS. Female with LCIS were also subgrouped by lesion size and compared with the female with ILC. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that younger age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.100], smaller lesion size (OR = 1.103), oval or round shape (OR = 4.098), parallel orientation (OR = 5.464), and isoechotexture (OR = 3.360) were significant independent factors predictive of LCIS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for distinguishing LCIS from ILC was 0.904 (95% confidence interval, 0.857-0.951). Subgroup analysis showed that benign features were more prevalent in female with smaller LCISs (≤ 1 cm) than in those with ILC. Conclusion: Small LCISs tend to demonstrate more benign features than small ILCs. Several imaging features are independently predictive of LCIS.
ABSTRACT
Modular tissue engineering creates a three-dimensional (3D) macroscale tissue construct from modular microscale units for complex 3D tissue reconstruction. In particular, a hydrogel sheet that is one of the module types allows easy and controllable assembly of 3D microenvironments as compared to other module types such as a microcapsule and a microfiber. However, it is difficult to manipulate a hydrogel sheet made of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Thus, in this study, we propose a fabrication technique for the manipulation of thin collagen sheet containing cells with a paper support. A donut-shaped paper support was combined with the micropatterned collagen sheet by permeation of cell-collagen mixture passing through a micropatterned mold into the paper. We established a sterile method for the paper support to maintain high cell viability and intrinsic cell morphology and demonstrated an endothelial module having 3D tubular networks. The endothelial module also showed that control of the pattern length resulted in a change in the tubular size and network density within a sheet. The geometrically controlled collagen sheet modules are expected to be used for improved implantation and biologically relevant drug testing.
ABSTRACT
Adenosine is a short-acting coronary vasodilator, and it is widely used during pharmacological stress myocardial perfusion imaging. It has a well-established safety profile, and most of its side effects are known to be mild and transient. Until now, coronary vasospasm has been rarely reported as a side effect of adenosine during or after adenosine stress test. This study reports a case of coronary vasospasm which was documented on stress myocardial perfusion CT imaging during adenosine stress test.
