Photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus by ecological antibacterial solutions associating LED (ʎ 450 ± 10 nm) with curcumin and olive leaf extracts.

Antimicrobial resistance is a problem in contemporary society, with Staphylococcus aureus standing out as a threat due to its ability to colonize, its pathogenicity, and its expression of several virulence factors. In this context, antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) emerges as an alternative to conventional microbicidal or microbiostatic systems, enabling numerous and successive applications without developing side effects and microbial resistance. In this context, an aPDI system against cultures of S. aureus based on a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion incorporating curcumin as the photosensitizer (PS), with and without olive leaf extract (OLE), was developed and the antibacterial efficacy evaluated under LED activation (ʎ450 ± 10 nm) by depositing an energy density of 14 J/cm2. The produced emulsified systems showed no significant differences in the droplet size and morphology, remaining stable along the tested period of 30 days. The bacterial reduction achieved after the first aPDI application for the emulsions added with curcumin and curcumin combined with the OLE was 5 log10 CFU.mL-1 and 6 log10 CFU.mL-1, respectively, revealing a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.0001). After the second aPDI application, an increased microbial reduction (7 log10 CFU.mL-1) was observed for both studied groups even with a low significant difference (p < 0.05). The PS loading through an emulsified system for aPDI obtained a bactericidal action against S. aureus, increased by applying two aPDI, showing a significant synergy between photodynamic inactivation, OLE delivery and antibacterial activity. In addition, the developed solutions were produced using natural products by an ecologically correct process.

El sistema TriClip para la reparación transcatéter de la válvula tricúspide. Estudio multicéntrico español / The TriClip system for edge-to-edge transcatheter tricuspid valve repair. A Spanish multicenter study

Introducción y objetivos En pacientes con insuficiencia tricuspídea (IT), la reparación transcatéter de la válvula tricúspide (RTVT) mediante el uso de dispositivos «borde a borde» ha experimentado un creciente uso en todo el mundo. Recientemente se ha puesto a disposición un sistema dedicado de RTVT borde a borde. El presente artículo describe la experiencia inicial con este sistema en España. Métodos Estudio multicéntrico prospectivo que incluyen los centros aceptados para el uso del novedoso sistema. Entre junio de 2020 y marzo de 2021 se incluyó a todos los pacientes sometidos a una RTVT con el sistema TriClip en España. El criterio de valoración principal fue la consecución de una reducción de la IT de al menos 1 grado al alta hospitalaria. Resultados Se incluyó a un total de 34 pacientes. La mayoría de ellos refería antecedentes de fibrilación auricular (91%). El objetivo primario se alcanzó en todos los pacientes. La mayoría requirieron uno (47%) o dos clips (44%), con un claro predominio del dispositivo XT (87%) sobre NT (13%). La localización del primer clip fue principalmente anteroseptal (> 90%). Solo un paciente presentó un desprendimiento parcial que pudo ser estabilizado con clips adicionales en el mismo procedimiento. Al alta, la gravedad de la IT fue de grado 2 en el 91% de los pacientes. A los 3 meses, no se detectó ninguna muerte. Al seguimiento, el 88% de los pacientes se encontraban en clase funcional New York Heart Association 2 y el 80% presentaban IT grado 2 residual. Conclusiones La RTVT borde a borde pareció ser eficaz y segura con una reducción sostenida de la IT a los 3 meses. Serán necesarios más estudios para confirmar estos resultados (AU)

Introduction and objectives In patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR), edge-to-edge transcatheter tricuspid valve repair (TTVR) is the strategy with the highest penetration worldwide. A dedicated edge-to-edge TTVR system has recently become available in Europe. The present study describes the initial experience with the system in Spain. Methods This multicenter study collected individual data from the centers accepted for the use of the novel system within an initial limited release. Between June 2020 and March 2021, all patients undergoing an edge-to-edge TTVR using the TriClip system in Spain were included in the study. The primary endpoint was the achievement of a TR reduction of at least 1 grade at discharge. Results We included 34 patients. Most of them reported a previous history of atrial fibrillation (91%) and only 1 had a pacemaker lead. The primary endpoint (TR reduction of at least 1 grade at discharge) was met in all patients. Most of the patients required 1 (47%) or 2 clips (44%) with a clear predominance of XT (87%) over NT (13%). The location of the first clip was anteroseptal in >90% of the patients. Only 1 patient had a partial detachment, which was stabilized with additional clips in the same procedure. At discharge, TR severity was≤2 in 91% of patients. At 3 months, mortality was nil. Overall, 88% of patients were in New York Heart Association functional class≤2 and 80% had residual TR≤2. Conclusions Edge-to-edge TTVR seemed to be effective and safe with a sustained TR reduction at 3 months. Further studies will be needed to confirm our findings (AU)

Farmacovigilancia de las vacunas frente a la COVID-19 en farmacias comunitarias III. Primera dosis / Pharmacovigilance of COVID-19 vaccines in community pharmacies III. First dose

OBJETIVO: conocer tipo y frecuencia de sospechas de reacciones adversas (RA) experimentadas por la población general tras la primera dosis de la vacuna frente a COVID-19 y la repercusión sobre su actividad diaria.MÉTODOS: se describen detalladamente en el protocolo del Proyecto. Procedimiento: en un cuaderno de recogida de datos ad hoc se registraron datos demográficos, sospechas de RA y demás circunstancias referidas por los encuestados.RESULTADOS: colaboraron 10 farmacias de la provincia de Pontevedra y 2 de Ourense que incorporaron 781 casos válidos, 488 (62,5 %) mujeres y 293 (37,5 %) hombres. Media de edad 56,8 (DE=17,9) (rango=18-97) años. 389 (49,8 %) estaban incluidos en grupos de riesgo: edad ≥65 años 271 (34,7 %), 219 hipertensión arterial, 148 dislipemias, 105 neuropsiquiátricas, 88 cardiológicas, 75 diabetes, 62 EPOC/problemas respiratorios. 119 (15,2 %) anticoagulados. 64 (8,2 %) habían pasado la enfermedad.445 (57,0 %) recibieron Comirnaty® Pfizer-BioNtech (CO), 190 (24,3 %) Vaxzevria® (VZ), 104 (13,3 %) Spikevax® Moderna (SP) y 42 (5,4 %) COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen (JA). La mayoría, 491 (62,9 %) en los “vacunódromos”. 204 (26,1 %) utilizaron medicamentos como profilaxis de posibles RA. 165 (80,1 %) paracetamol.495 (63,4 %) vacunados, 321 mujeres (65,8 %) y 174 (59,4 %) hombres (diferencia no significativa), refirieron al menos una RA: 236 (53,0 %) CO, 157 (82,6 %) VZ, 69 (66,3 %) SP y 33 (80,5 %) JA. El número de RA manifestadas por los encuestados fue 1.419, con máximo de 13 por persona, resultando las más prevalentes, afectando a >10 % de los vacunados: dolor en el punto de inyección 375 (48,0 %), cansancio/fatiga 170 (21,8 %), escalofríos 118 (15,1 %), cefalea 117 (15,0 %), dolor muscular 112 (14,3 %) y fiebre 98 (12,5 %). (AU)

Farmacovigilancia de las vacunas frente a la COVID-19 en farmacias comunitarias IV. Segunda dosis / Pharmacovigilance of COVID-19 vaccines in community pharmacies IV. Second dose

OBJETIVO: conocer tipo y frecuencia de sospechas de reacciones adversas (RA) experimentadas por la población general con la segunda dosis de la vacuna frente a COVID-19 y la repercusión sobre su actividad diaria.MÉTODOS: se describen detalladamente en el protocolo del Proyecto. Procedimiento: Seguimiento de los participantes incorporados al estudio tras la 2ª dosis, registrándose las nuevas sospechas de RA experimentadas. Resultados10 farmacias de la provincia de Pontevedra y 2 de Ourense incorporaron vacunados. Tras la 2ª dosis se redujeron en 88 (11,3 %): 43 habían recibido COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen® (JA), 39 se habían contagiado entre dosis, 1 no quiso vacunarse por RA de la 1ª dosis y con 5 no se pudo contactar. Quedaron 693 participantes, 441 (63,6 %) mujeres y 252 (36,4 %) hombres. Media de edad 57,8 (DE=18,0) (rango=18-97). 416 (60,0 %) recibieron Comirnaty® Pfizer- BioNtech (CO), 177 (25,5 %) Vaxzevria® (VZ) y 100 (14,5 %) Spikevax® Moderna (SP). 175 (25,2 %) utilizaron medicamentos como profilaxis de posibles RA. 145 (82,9 %) paracetamol.312 (45,0 %) vacunados, 218 mujeres (49,4 %) y 94 (37,1 %) hombres (p<0,01) refirieron al menos una reacción adversa: 183 (43,9 %) CO, 66 (37,3 %) VZ y 63 (63,0 %) SP. El número de reacciones adversas manifestadas por los encuestados fue de 971, con un máximo de 11 por vacunado, resultando las más prevalentes, que afectaron a >10 % de estos: dolor en punto de inyección 197 (28,4 %), cansancio/fatiga 141 (20,3 %), dolor muscular 111 (16,0 %), cefalea 95 (13,7 %) y fiebre 84 (12,1 %). (AU)

Microalgae-Derived Pigments: A 10-Year Bibliometric Review and Industry and Market Trend Analysis.

Microalgae productive chains are gaining importance as sustainable alternatives to obtain natural pigments. This work presents a review on the most promising pigments and microalgal sources by gathering trends from a 10-year bibliometric survey, a patents search, and an industrial and market analysis built from available market reports, projects and companies' webpages. The performed analysis pointed out chlorophylls, phycocyanin, astaxanthin, and ß-carotene as the most relevant pigments, and Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina platensis, Haematococcus pluvialis, and Dunaliella salina, respectively, as the most studied sources. Haematococcus is referred in the highest number of patents, corroborating a high technological interest in this microalga. The biorefinery concept, investment in projects and companies related to microalgae cultivation and/or pigment extraction is increasingly growing, particularly, for phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis. These pieces of evidence are a step forward to consolidate the microalgal pigments market, which is expected to grow in the coming years, increasing the prospects of replacing synthetic pigments by natural counterparts.

Urban vegetation and particle air pollution: Experimental campaigns in a traffic hotspot.

This work presents the main results of two experimental campaigns carried out in summer and winter seasons in a complex pollution hotspot near a large park, El Retiro, in Madrid (Spain). These campaigns were aimed at understanding the microscale spatio-temporal variation of ambient concentration levels in areas with high pollution values to obtain data to validate models on the effect of urban trees on particulate matter concentrations. Two different measuring approaches have been used. The first one was static, with instruments continuously characterizing the meteorological variables and the particulate matter concentration outside and inside the park. During the summer campaign, the particulate matter concentration was clearly influenced by a Saharan dust outbreak during the period 23 June to 10 July 2016, when most of the particulate matter was in the fraction PM2.5-10. During the winter campaign, the mass concentrations were related to the meteorological conditions and the high atmospheric stability. The second approach was a dynamic case with mobile measurements by portable instruments. During the summer campaign, a DustTrak instrument was used to measure PM10 and PM2.5 in different transects close to and inside the park at different distances from the traffic lane. It was observed a decrease in the concentrations up to 25% at 20 m and 50% at 200 m. High PM10 values were linked to dust resuspension caused by recreational activities and to a Saharan dust outbreak. The highest PM values were measured at the Independencia square, an area with many bus stops and high traffic density. During the winter campaign, three microaethalometers were used for Black Carbon measurement. Both pollutants also showed a reduction in their concentrations when moving towards inside the park. For PM10 and PM2.5, reductions up to 50% were observed, while for BC this reduction was smaller, about 20%.

Preparation of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan aqueous dispersions: From lab scale to continuous production using an innovative static mixer.

Chitosan is widely used in the preparation of organic-inorganic composite materials, such as n-HAp/CS composites, which find application for bone regeneration. The methods for their preparation are various, and usually based on the preparation of intermediate n-HAp/CS dispersions, which can greatly influence the final properties of the resulting composites since it is expected that homogenous and stable dispersions lead to composite materials with improved final properties. This work hypothesizes that, additionally to process parameters such as pH, n-HAp/CS weight ratio, mixing conditions and the presence of salts, chitosan itself has a high impact on dispersions stability. Thus, the importance of properly control the preparation of the n-HAp/CS intermediate dispersions is highlighted by doing a systematic study where relevant processing parameters were studied at lab scale using ultrasonication, alone or in the presence of chitosan, namely on particle size and zeta potential. Furthermore, and based on the best laboratorial conditions, the production of n-HAp/CS nanocomposite dispersions in continuous mode was attempted through NETmix® technology, an innovative static mixer and reactor developed at the Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP).

Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.

Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications. The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps. Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues. In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization. A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications. Moreover, the obtained scaffolds showed cytocompatibility and osteoconductivity without further need of disinfection/sterilization procedures. Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.

Lactancia materna como factor preventivo para la osteoporosis en mujeres adultas / Breast feeding as preventive factor for osteoporosis in adult women

Introducción: la lactancia materna es considerada protectora de osteoporosis, por cambios endocrinos, como el aumento de absorción intestinal de calcio y la conservación renal del mismo; sin embargo, otros estudios demuestran que con más de un hijo presentan pérdida de densidad mineral ósea (DMO) (2-9%). Objetivo: determinar si la lactancia materna es un factor protector o de riesgo en osteoporosis en mujeres queretanas. Sujetos y métodos: estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles. 114 mujeres de 35-60 años divididas en grupo control (sin lactar) y grupo mujeres que lactaron. Diagnóstico de DMO por densitometría ósea de dos regiones: cadera (fémur) y lumbar. Se aplicó historia clínica. Criterios de inclusión: edad 35-60 años. Criterios de exclusión: consumo: calcio, terapia hormonal de reemplazo; tratamiento para osteoporosis: lactando o embarazadas. Se realizaron pruebas de tendencia central, T pareada, correlaciones, Chi2 y razón de momios. Resultados: se encontró como factor de protección la lactancia con 0,903 OR (0,768-1,000). Correlación inversamente proporcional del IMC/DMO cadera y lumbar en mujeres que no lactaron frente a las que si lactaron; en ambos grupos se determinó una mayor edad de embarazo con mayor DMO en cadera y mayor talla del hijo, solo en las mujeres que lactaron. Siendo la obesidad factor protector de las mujeres que lactaron. Sin embargo, se encontró una correlación inversamente proporcional entre edad/DMO en las tres regiones de mujeres que lactaron, frente a las que no lactaron específicamente en DMOlumbar. Conclusión: la lactancia materna es beneficiosa para la madre, ya que es un factor protector contra la osteoporosis, siempre y cuando lleve a cabo los primeros seis meses, así como para el recién nacido, ya que proporciona un crecimiento lineal óptimo (AU)

Introduction: breastfeeding is considered protective of osteoporosis, by endocrine changes, such as the rise of intestinal absorption of calcium and the renal conservation of the same, however, other studies demonstrate that with more one child they present a loss of bone mineral density (BMD) (2-9%). Objective: to determine if breastfeeding is a protective factor or a risk in osteoporosis in Queretaro´s women. Subjects and methods: retrospective study of cases y controls. 114 women from 35 to 60 years divided in control group (without breastfeeding) and women those that breastfeed. Diagnostic of BMD by bone densitometry of two regions: Hip (femur) and lumbar. Clinical history applies. Criteria of inclusion: age 35-60 years. Criteria of exclusion: consumption: calcium, hormonal replacement therapy, treatment for osteoporosis: breastfeeding or pregnant. It will provide evidence of a central trend, T couplet, correlations, Chi2 y profitable reasons. Results: breastfeeding was found to have a protection factor con 0.903 OR (0.768-1.006). Inverse correlation of BMI/BMD in hip and lumbar regions, in women that did not breast contrary to those that did breastfeed. In both groups in was determined a greater age of pregnancy with greater BMD in the hips and greater size of the child, only in women that breastfeed. Being the obesity factor of the women that breastfeed. However, a inverse correlation was found among Age/BMD in three regions from women that breasted, contrary to those that did not breastfeed specifically in the BMD lumbar. Conclusion: breastfeeding is beneficial for the mother as it is a protective factor against osteoporosis, as long as it holds the first 6 months and for newborn optimal linear growth (AU)

Assessing the direction of climate interactions by means of complex networks and information theoretic tools.

An estimate of the net direction of climate interactions in different geographical regions is made by constructing a directed climate network from a regular latitude-longitude grid of nodes, using a directionality index (DI) based on conditional mutual information (CMI). Two datasets of surface air temperature anomalies-one monthly averaged and another daily averaged-are analyzed and compared. The network links are interpreted in terms of known atmospheric tropical and extra-tropical variability patterns. Specific and relevant geographical regions are selected, the net direction of propagation of the atmospheric patterns is analyzed, and the direction of the inferred links is validated by recovering some well-known climate variability structures. These patterns are found to be acting at various time-scales, such as atmospheric waves in the extratropics or longer range events in the tropics. This analysis demonstrates the capability of the DI measure to infer the net direction of climate interactions and may contribute to improve the present understanding of climate phenomena and climate predictability. The work presented here also stands out as an application of advanced tools to the analysis of empirical, real-world data.

Impact of reperfusion strategy on outcomes in very elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction.

AIM: The best reperfusion strategy for patients of advanced age (either primary-angioplasty or thrombolysis) after a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains controversial. Aim of the study was to test differences in morbidity and mortality regarding the reperfusion strategy adopted. METHODS: From 2007-2012, 182 patients ≥85 year-old with STEMI were admitted to the coronary care unit of two tertiary centers. Data regarding baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, reperfusion strategy adopted and outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. The relation between the type of reperfusion therapy and outcomes was evaluated. RESULTS: Median age was 86.8±6.9 years (range 85-96). Most patients (54.4%) were woman. Anterior wall STEMI was the main electrocardiographic location (45.1%). A conservative treatment was seen in 64 patients (35.2%), thrombolysis in 41 (22.5%) and primary-angioplasty in the remaining 77 patients (42.3%). A total of 56 patients died (30.8%). The mortality rate in the thrombolysis group (21.9%) was similar than that found in the primary-angioplasty group (15.6%) (P=0.45). No difference was found in a subgroup analysis of high risk patients (i.e. anterior wall STEMI, Killip class ≥2). Morbidity rates were also similar between both therapeutic groups (thrombolisys 58.5% vs. primary-angioplasty 46.7%, P=0.22). Morbidity and mortality rates were much higher among those patients treated conservatively than that found in patients who received any of the reperfusion strategies (54.6% vs. 17.8%, P<0.0001 and 79.7% vs. 50.8%, P<0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Mortality and morbidity among very elderly patients with STEMI are extremely high. No differences were found between primary-angioplasty and fibrinolysis with regard to outcomes. A conservative treatment was associated with a worse prognosis.

Seudoaneurisma micótico de la arteria radial por Staphylococcus aureus. Una complicación de la cateterización arterial / Radial artery mycotic pseudoaneurysm due to Staphylococcus aureus: A complication of the arterial line

No disponible

Fístula arteriovenosa tras tratamiento de ablación con láser endovascular / Arteriovenous fistula after endovenous laser ablation

No disponible

[Prevention of medication errors in healthcare transition of patients treated with apomorphine]. / Intervenciones farmacéuticas relacionadas con la prevención de errores de medicación en la transición asistencial de pacientes tratados con apomorfina.

The transition of patients between different levels of care process is a particular risk in the production of medication errors. The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of the pharmacist in preventing errors transition care to ensure a safe and cross pharmacotherapy of patients.Transversal, observational and descriptive study in a University Hospital that has a pharmacy service that integrates specialized inpatient care and health centers. Transition of care a patient treated with Apormorfina was analyzed to determine the keypoints of action of the pharmacist. Demographics, disease and medication history, and care transition episodes were collected through the pharmacy program and electronics history.The pharmacist did tasks adapting, reconciliation, management and reporting of medication to the health care team to prevent medication errors in care transition of patients treated with drugs requiring special handling .In conclusion, this work represents perfectly the key role of the pharmacist as coordinator of safe and transverse pharmacotherapy of patients.

La transición de los pacientes entre los diferentes niveles asistencialesconstituye un proceso de especial riesgo en la producciónde errores de medicación. El objetivo de este trabajo esmostrar el papel del farmacéutico en la prevención errores paragarantizar una farmacoterapia segura y transversal de lospacientes.Estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo en un ComplejoHospitalario Universitario que cuenta con un Servicio de Farmaciaque integra atención especializada a pacientes hospitalizadosy a residentes de centros sociosanitarios. Se analizó la transiciónasistencial de una paciente tratada con Apomorfina paradeterminar los puntos clave de actuación del farmacéutico. Serecogieron datos demográficos, patología e historia farmacoterapéutica,así como los episodios de transición asistencial, a travésdel programa de Farmacia y la historia electrónica.El farmacéutico realizó tareas de adecuación, conciliación, gestióne información de la medicación al equipo asistencial paraprevenir errores de medicación en la transición asistencial depacientes tratados con fármacos de especial manejo.En conclusión este trabajo representa los puntos críticos deintervención del farmacéutico como coordinador de la farmacoterapiasegura y transversal de los pacientes.

Relación del estado nutricio, densidad mineral ósea tanto corporal como mandibular, pérdida dentaria y riesgo de fractura (FRAX), en mujeres pre y postmenopáusicas con periodontitis / The relationship of nutritional status, body and mandibular bone mineral density, tooth loss and fracture risk (FRAX) in pre-and postmenopausal women with periodontitis

Introducción: Durante la menopausia existe aumento de peso y disminución de densidad mineral ósea (DMO) el cual se ha relacionado con enfermedad periodontal (incidencia entre 5 a 30%), de ahí que sea indispensable evaluar factores de riesgo relacionados con antropometría y DMO. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC), complexión esquelética, circunferencia de cintura, pérdida dentaria, riesgo de fractura, DMO de columna, cadera, fémur y mandíbula en mujeres pre y postmenopáusicas con periodontitis. Sujetos y metodología: Se estudiaron 60 mujeres de 35-60 años, se estudiaron 4 grupos (n = 15): Grupo control: mujeres premenopáuscas sin periodontitis, Grupo experimental 1: mujeres premenopáusicas con periodontitis, Grupo experimental 2: mujeres postmenopáusicas sin periodontitis y Grupo experimental 3: mujeres postmenopáusicas con periodontitis. La periodontitis fue diagnosticada con sonda periodontal digital computarizada, la DMO de mandíbula por radiografía digital con conversión de rayos X, el nú- mero de dientes por radiografía panorámica digital. Se obtuvo: el IMC, la complexión esquelética, circunferencia de cintura, riesgo de fractura mediante el cuestionario FRAX. Resultados: Las variables con correlaciones negativas a periodontitis: peso, IMC y DMO mandibular con riesgo de fractura (P < 0,05). El grupo con diferencias (ANOVA) fue el GE3: con mayor edad y con menor: talla, DMO mandibular y número de piezas dentarias (P < 0,05). Conclusión: La periodontitis con presencia de menopausia se relaciona con mayor edad, menor talla, DMO mandibular baja y menor número de piezas dentarias. Con mayor riesgo de fractura en mujeres: con bajo peso e IMC y DMO mandibular (AU)

Introduction: During menopause there is weight gain and a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) that has been related with periodontal disease (incidence between 5-30%); therefore, it is essential to assess the risk factors related with anthropometry and BMD. Objective: To assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI), skeletal composition, waist circumference, tooth loss, fracture risk, BMD of the spine, hip, femur, and mandible in pre and post-menopausal women with periodontitis. Subjects and methodology: We studied 60 women aged 35-60 years, divided in 4 groups (n = 15): Control group: premenopausal women without periodontitis; Experimental group 1: premenopausal women with periodontitis; Experimental group 2: postmenopausal women without periodontitis; and Experimental group 3: postmenopausal women with periodontitis. Periodontitis was diagnosed by means of a computerized digital periodontal probe; BMD of the mandible by means of digital radiograph with X ray conversion, the number of teeth by digital panoramic radiograph. We measured: BMI, skeletal composition, waist circumference, risk fracture by the FRAX questionnaire. Results: The variables with a negative correlation with periodontitis were: weight, BMI, and BMD of the mandible with risk fracture (p < 0.05). The group that showed differences (ANOVA) was EG3: with older age, lower height, lower BMD of the mandible, and lower number of teeth (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Periodontitis in the presence of menopause is related with older age, lower height, low BMD of the mandible, and lower mayor number of teeth. Higher fracture risk is associated with low weight and BMI and low BMD of the mandible (AU)

Intervenciones farmacéuticas relacionadas con la prevención de errores de medicación en la transición asistencial de pacientes tratados con apomorfina / Prevention of medication errors in healthcare transition of patients treated with apomorphine

La transición de los pacientes entre los diferentes niveles asistenciales constituye un proceso de especial riesgo en la producción de errores de medicación. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar el papel del farmacéutico en la prevención errores para garantizar una farmacoterapia segura y transversal de los pacientes. Estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo en un Complejo Hospitalario Universitario que cuenta con un Servicio de Farmacia que integra atención especializada a pacientes hospitalizados y a residentes de centros sociosanitarios. Se analizó la transición asistencial de una paciente tratada con Apomorfina para eterminar los puntos clave de actuación del farmacéutico. Se recogieron datos demográficos, patología e historia farmacoterapéutica, así como los episodios de transición asistencial, a través del programa de Farmacia y la historia electrónica. El farmacéutico realizó tareas de adecuación, conciliación, gestión e información de la medicación al equipo asistencial para prevenir errores de medicación en la transición asistencial de pacientes tratados con fármacos de especial manejo. En conclusión este trabajo representa los puntos críticos de intervención del farmacéutico como coordinador de la farmacoterapia segura y transversal de los pacientes (AU)

The transition of patients between different levels of care process is a particular risk in the production of medicationerrors. The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of the pharmacist in preventing errors transition care to ensure a safe and cross pharmacotherapy of patients. Transversal, observational and descriptive study in a University Hospital that has a pharmacy service that integrates specialized inpatient care and health centers. Transition of care a patient treated with Apormorfina was analyzed to determine the keypoints of action of the pharmacist. Demographics, disease and medication history, and care transition episodes were collected through the pharmacy program and electronics history. The pharmacist did tasks adapting, reconciliation, management and reporting of medication to the health care team to prevent medication errors in care transition of patients treated with drugs requiring special handling .In conclusion, this work represents perfectly the key role of the pharmacist as coordinator of safe and transverse pharmacotherapy of patients (AU)

Amistades, sentimientos y drogas. Tras cesar el abuso / Friendships, feelings and drugs. After the abuse stops

La drogadicción en la sociedad actual ocupa un problema considerable. No debemos perder la perspectiva individual en el abordaje de este problema sociosanitario, ya que gracias a los testimonios de quienes viven la drogadicción tendremos la posibilidad de poder diseñar programas y estrategias de prevención. Se realiza un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico mediante la entrevista en profundidad de un informante que, voluntariamente, se prestó a comentarnos su experiencia, cómo empezó, qué sintió y cómo lo dejó (AU)

Drug addiction is a great problem at current society. We must not lose the individual perspective to take in consideration this social and public health problem, since thanks to the statements of them who live with drug addiction, we will have the possibility of being able design prevention programmes and strategies. It does a phenomenological qualitative study through the interview in depth to an informant, who voluntarily provided to tell us his experience, how he started, what he felt and how he left it (AU)