ABSTRACT
AIMS: A PCR technique was developed as a reliable and rapid identification method for the Bacillus cereus group species, based on a unique conserved sequence of the motB gene (encoding flagellar motor protein) from B. cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus anthracis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Primer locations were identified against eight strains of the B. cereus group spp. from nucleotide sequences available in the National Centre for Biotechnology Information database. The PCR assay was applied for the identification of 117 strains of the B. cereus group spp. and 19 strains from other microbial species, with special emphasis on foodborne pathogens. CONCLUSION: The designed cross-species primers are group specific and did not react with DNA from other Bacillus and non-Bacillus species either motile or not. The primers system enabled us to detect 10(3) CFU of B. cereus cells per millilitre of sample. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Bacillus cereus group spp. belongs to one of the most prevalent foodborne pathogens. Bacterial growth results in production of different toxins; therefore, consumption of food containing >10(6) bacteria per gram may result in emetic and diarrhoeal syndromes. A rapid and sensitive bacterial detection method is significant for food safety.
Subject(s)
Bacillus cereus/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Food Microbiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Bacillus anthracis/genetics , Bacillus thuringiensis/genetics , DNA Primers/chemistry , DNA Primers/genetics , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Paramagnetic beads coated with Protein G and Tosylactivated-280 dynabeads have been used to purify Bacillus anthracis protective antigen from a liquid culture. The obtained protein was used in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test to detect B. anthracis protective antigen antibodies in human sera collected from immunized individuals. The purification method using paramagnetic beads is very effective. It is fast, easy and may be carried out practically in any laboratory.
Subject(s)
Anthrax Vaccines/immunology , Antigens, Bacterial/isolation & purification , Bacillus anthracis/immunology , Immunomagnetic Separation/veterinary , Animals , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology , Bacillus anthracis/isolation & purification , Humans , Immunomagnetic Separation/methodsABSTRACT
Immunomodulating and adjuvant properties of Propionibacterium avidum KP-40 (PA), a potent stimulator of the macrophage-monocyte system and inducer of endogenous interferon, were tested in healthy dogs and in dogs vaccinated against canine parvovirosis (CPV). A single subcutaneous injection of PA (0.5 mg/kg b. m.) was administered either 10 days before or simultaneously with CPV immunization. The immunomodulating properties of PA were expressed by enhancement of phagocytic and bactericidal activities of blood leukocytes, accompanied by elevated serum levels of interferon-gamma and interleukin-1 and higher Con-A-induced transformation rates of lymphocytes. Titres of CPV antibodies were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in dogs vaccinated and treated with PA either 10 days prior to or simultaneously with immunization. It is concluded that PA may be applied as a potent and safe adjuvant in vaccination of small animals and additionally, it provides enhancement of non-specific antibacterial and antiviral resistance of the organism.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic , Dog Diseases/prevention & control , Parvoviridae Infections/veterinary , Parvovirus, Canine , Propionibacterium , Viral Vaccines , Animals , Blood Bactericidal Activity , Dog Diseases/immunology , Dogs , Male , Parvoviridae Infections/immunology , Parvoviridae Infections/prevention & control , PhagocytosisABSTRACT
In the paper the method is presented of one-step total removal of extensive dentogenous mandibular cysts. The postoperative cavity was covered partly with a flap of regional soft tissue which was fixed with singular sutures and then with an acrylate obturator.
Subject(s)
Mandibular Diseases/surgery , Odontogenic Cysts/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Surgical Flaps/methods , Suture TechniquesABSTRACT
The ELISA technique was applied to assess Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pigs. Among 925 swine examined 36.4 per cent of the animals were seropositive. Serum titres ranged from 100 to 3,200.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Swine Diseases/diagnosis , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/diagnosis , Animals , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Predictive Value of Tests , SwineSubject(s)
Antibodies, Bacterial/analysis , Borrelia burgdorferi Group/immunology , Forestry , Immunoglobulin G/analysis , Immunoglobulin M/analysis , Lyme Disease/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Veterinary Medicine , Adult , Animals , Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology , Arachnid Vectors/microbiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Female , Fluoroimmunoassay/methods , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Lyme Disease/etiology , Lyme Disease/immunology , Lyme Disease/microbiology , Male , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/immunology , Occupational Diseases/microbiology , Poland , Ticks/microbiologyABSTRACT
Bombs containing B. anthracis spores were detonated on Gruinard island in 1942 and 1943 as a part of a British research programme set up in response to fears that the Germans were developing biological weapons. In 1986 island was decontaminated by spraying with 5% formaldehyde. As a demonstration of confidence in the success of the decontamination operation a flock of 40 sheep was allowed to graze for several months with no ill effects.
Subject(s)
Biological Warfare , Decontamination/methods , Bacillus anthracis , Formaldehyde , ScotlandABSTRACT
Role and significance of some animals in the spreading and persisting of toxoplasmosis in the biocenosis were discussed. The most important sources and ways of infection in man and prophylactic measures were also presented.
Subject(s)
Animals, Domestic/parasitology , Animals, Wild/parasitology , Birds/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs , Global Health , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/transmission , Toxoplasmosis/etiology , Animals , Humans , Toxoplasmosis/prevention & controlABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of ELISA in toxin detection in guinea pigs experimentally infected with toxinogenic strain of Clostridium perfringens type A. The toxin was detected in blood serum and muscles from 12 hours after infection. The results obtained indicate the advantage of ELISA over to date methods used as immunofluorescence or microscopic examination of muscle exudate or sections. ELISA due to its high sensitivity rapidity and specificity allows to detect toxin in guinea pigs before clinical symptoms of gas gangrene are developed.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Toxins/analysis , Clostridium perfringens/isolation & purification , Gas Gangrene/diagnosis , Animals , Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis , Clostridium perfringens/metabolism , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Gas Gangrene/microbiology , Guinea Pigs , Mice , Muscles/analysis , Muscles/microbiology , Viscera/analysis , Viscera/microbiologyABSTRACT
Application of a direct immunoperoxidase technique for the detection of Derzsy's disease virus antigen in cell culture and goslings is described. Anti-virus globulins were labelled with horseradish peroxidase by use of sodium periodate as a coupling agent. Virus antigen was detected in the nuclei of goose embryo fibroblasts from 48 to 72 hours post-inoculation and in the nuclei of hepatic cells between 5 to 8 days after infection. Microstructural detail was much better in cell culture than in the liver.