Úlcera de Marjolin: revisão de literatura e relato de caso / Marjolin's Ulcer: literature review and report of a case / Úlcera de Marjolin: revisión de la Literatura y informe de caso clínico

Objetivo: Revisão narrativa de literatura e descrição de um caso de úlcera de Marjolin conduzido nas dependências do Hospital Escola Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi, enfatizando a conduta e evolução a partir da literatura e a adotada no caso abordado. Relato de Caso: Homem de 52 anos, com história de queimadura térmica em membro inferior direito há cerca de 25 anos, que evoluiu tardiamente com o aparecimento de lesão eritematosa, puntiforme e pruriginosa, tornando-se ulcerada e, posteriormente, úlcero-vegetante, com aumento progressivo e sem cicatrização, associada a dor e episódios de sangramento por traumas. Realizada biópsia incisional, o histopatológico confirmou tratar-se de carcinoma epidermoide bem diferenciado, desenvolvido em tecido cicatricial antigo. Foi realizada ressecção ampla da lesão, com enxertia local, sendo ainda necessária a realização de desbridamento no pós-operatório devido à necrose da enxertia. Conclusões: As lesões cicatriciais ou ulceradas crônicas que sofrem modificações no seu aspecto clínico evolutivo devem ser avaliadas como potencialmente carcinomatosas e as ulcerações com tendência à cronificação devem ser prontamente tratadas, com o emprego de enxerto, retalho ou até mesmo amputação se necessário. As áreas cicatriciais precisam sempre ser protegidas e deve-se sempre considerar o risco potencial de malignidade associada com úlceras venosas crônicas nos membros inferiores, realizando biópsias repetidas para descartar a possibilidade de transformação maligna. O paciente em questão necessitou de ressecção ampla da lesão, com enxertia local, a qual evoluiu com necrose no pós-operatório, sendo realizado desbridamento e curativos diários até que apresentasse recuperação e, posteriormente, cicatrização por segunda intenção.(AU)

Objective: A literature narrative review and description of a Marjolin ulcer case conducted at the Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi School Hospital, emphasizing the conduct and evolution from the literature and adopted in the case discussed. Case Report: 52 year old male, with a history of thermal burn in the lower right limb for about 25 years, who developed late with the onset of an erythematous, punctiform and pruritic lesion, becoming ulcerated and subsequently ulcer-creasing, progressive increase without healing, associated with pain and bleeding episodes due to trauma. An incisional biopsy was performed; the histopathological examination confirmed that it was a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, developed in old scar tissue. A wide resection of the lesion with local graft was performed, and postoperative debridement was still necessary due to the infectious complication. Conclusions: Scarring injuries or ulcerated chronic suffering changes in its evolving clinical aspect should be evaluated as potentially carcinomatous and ulcerations with a tendency to chronicity should be promptly treated with the use of graft, flap or even amputation if required. Scarring areas should be protected and should always consider the potential risk of malignancy associated with chronic venous ulcers of the lower limbs, and repeated biopsies should be performed to rule out the possibility of malignant transformation. The patient in question required extensive resection of the lesion with local graft, which evolved with postoperative necrosis, and debridement and daily dressings were performed until recovery and later, it heals by second intention. (AU)

Objetivo: Revisión narrativa de la literatura e informe de cso clínico de úlcera de Marjolin atendida en el Hospital Escuela Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi, haciendo hincapié en la gestión y la evolución de la literatura y cuidados adoptados en el caso discutido. Caso clínico: Hombre de 52 años, con historia de quemadura térmica en la extremidad inferior derecha de unos 25 años, que se desarrolló más tarde con la aparición de lesiones eritematosas, putiforme y pririginosa, convirtiéndose en úlcera y posteriormente ulcerada-vegetante, aumentando de forma progresiva y sin dejar cicatrices asociadas con el dolor y episodios de sangramiento por trauma. Se realiza biopsia incisional histopatología confirmó que este es el carcinoma de células escamosas bien diferenciado desarrollado en el tejido de la cicatriz antigua. Se realizó una resección amplia con lesión sitio de injerto, siendo necesario para llevar a cabo el desbridamiento postoperatorio debido a necrosis. Conclusiones: Cicatrización de heridas crónicas o cambios sufridos ulceradas en su aspecto clínico evoluciona deben ser evaluados como potencialmente carcinomatosa y ulceraciones con tendencia a la cronicidad se debe tratar oportunamente con el uso de injerto, aleta o incluso la amputación si necesario. Áreas de cicatrización siempre deben ser protegidos. El paciente en cuestión requiere una resección extensa del sitio de la lesión con el injerto, que se desarrolló con necrosis después de la operación, que se ha llevado a cabo desbridamiento y curativos diarios para que la recuperación y más tarde, la cicatrización por segunda intención.(AU)

[Left paraduodenal hernia]. / Hérnia paraduodenal esquerda.

A left paraduodenal hernia is a protrusion of the small intestine through the paraduodenal fossa, a congenital defect situated to the left of the fourth portion of the duodenum. Imaging studies often play a central role in diagnosing left paraduodenal hernias, as they are not easily identified clinically. Surgery is the treatment of choice. We report a case of left paraduodenal hernia in a 27-year-old female patient. The patient had shown no symptoms until six days before hospitalization. A CT scan suggested the diagnosis of left paraduodenal hernia. After an unsuccessful laparoscopic attempt, a laparotomy was performed. Open surgery consisted in removing adhesions between the hernia and peritoneum, reducing jejunal loops and closing the paraduodenal fossa. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the third postoperative day.

Hérnia paraduodenal esquerda / Left paraduodenal hernia

A left paraduodenal hernia is a protrusion of the small intestine through the paraduodenal fossa, a congenital defect situated to the left of the fourth portion of the duodenum. Imaging studies often play a central role in diagnosing left paraduodenal hernias, as they are not easily identified clinically. Surgery is the treatment of choice. We report a case of left paraduodenal hernia in a 27-year-old female patient. The patient had shown no symptoms until six days before hospitalization. A CT scan suggested the diagnosis of left paraduodenal hernia. After an unsuccessful laparoscopic attempt, a laparotomy was performed. Open surgery consisted in removing adhesions between the hernia and peritoneum, reducing jejunal loops and closing the paraduodenal fossa. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the third postoperative day.

Tuberculose intestinal como causa de obstrução intestinal: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Intestinal tuberculosis cause of intestinal obstruction: case report and literature review

A tuberculose intestinal geralmente é uma complicação da doença pulmonar, pela deglutição de escarro infectado. Com o advento da SIDA, houve aumento importante na incidência de tuberculose de uma forma geral. Ocorre com maior freqüência em países tropicais e subdesenvolvidos. A região ileocecal constitui o sítio de maior comprometimento. Palidez, perda ponderal, sudorese noturna e febre são os achados mais comuns ao exame físico. Dor abdominal é o principal achado no exame abdominal. A complicação mais freqüente é a obstrução intestinal. O diagnóstico pré-operatório é muito difícil, sendo o de certeza dado pelo exame histopatológico ou em culturas de tecidos. O tratamento cirúrgico está indicado nos casos das raras complicações.

Intestinal tuberculosis occurs often as a pulmonary disease complication, when infected sputum is swallowed. With AIDS there was a significant increasement of tuberculosis in all of it forms. It happens more often in tropical and third world countries. The ileocecal is the site with most commitment. Paleness, weight loss, night sweats and fever are the most common findings on physical examination. Abdominal pain is the main finding in the abdominal examination. The most frequent complication is intestinal obstruction. The preoperative diagnosis is very difficult, and the certainty provided by histopathological examination or in tissue culture. Surgical treatment is indicated in cases of rare complications.

Comparative study of the healing process of the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall of rats after wound closure using 3-0 nylon suture and N-butil-2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive / Estudo comparativo da cicatrização da aponeurose da parede abdominal anterior com a utilização do fio de poliamida monofilamentar 3-0 e o adesivo N-Butil-2-Cianoacrilato em ratos

PURPOSE: To investigate the healing process of the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall of rats, comparing two different materials for wound closure: 3-0 nylon suture and tissue adhesive N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. METHODS: Forty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups according to the type of material used (suture or adhesive) and the number of days until reoperation (seven or 14 days). After a 4 cm incision in the aponeurosis, 22 rats underwent wound closure using 3-0 nylon suture and the other 22, the tissue adhesive. After seven days, 11 rats from each group were weighed again, submitted to reoperation and then euthanized. The same procedure was carried out after 14 days with the remaining rats. The surgical wound was macroscopically examined, the tensile strength was measured and the tissue edges were histologically examined. The statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Cox's proportional hazards model. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The animals lost on average 20 g over the period between the two operations. Wound closure was faster using the tissue adhesive. Only one animal, from the tissue adhesive group, had a small abscess with wound dehiscence. With regard to tensile strength, the best results were obtained with the tissue adhesive 14 days after the first surgery. The results of the histological examination showed no significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Upon morphological evaluation, the two types of material analyzed in this study (3-0 nylon suture and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, a tissue adhesive) were not significantly different with regard to the healing process of the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall of rats. Wound closure using the tissue adhesive was faster. Higher tensile strength was observed in the tissue adhesive group 14 days after the first surgery.

OBJETIVO: Investigar o processo de cicatrização da aponeurose da parede abdominal anterior em ratos, comparando dois diferentes materiais de sutura: fio de poliamida monofilamentar 3-0 e adesivo N-butil-2-cianoacrilato. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e quatro ratos Wistar, foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos, de acordo com o material de síntese (fio e adesivo cirúrgico) e o tempo de reoperação (7 e 14 dias). Após uma incisão de 4 cm na aponeurose, 22 animais foram submetidos à síntese com o fio de poliamida e os outros 22 animais com o adesivo proposto. Após o procedimento, aguardou-se um período de 7 e 14 dias, quando os animais, 11 de cada grupo, foram novamente pesados e submetidos à eutanásia, sendo realizada a avaliação macroscópica da ferida operatória, mensuração da força de ruptura da parede abdominal e estudo histológico das bordas da incisão. A análise estatística foi realizada através de um modelo de análise de variância e de riscos proporcionais de Cox, considerando significantes valores de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Os animais apresentaram uma perda média de 20 g, do dia da operação para o dia da reoperação. A síntese da aponeurose com o adesivo tecidual foi o método mais rápido. Apenas um animal, do grupo adesivo tecidual, apresentou pequeno abscesso local com deiscência de sutura. Com relação à força de ruptura da aponeurose, o melhor desempenho foi do grupo adesivo tecidual, com 14 dias de pós-operatório. Quanto ao estudo histológico, os resultados não mostraram diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois grupos. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo do processo de cicatrização da aponeurose da parede abdominal anterior mostrou que tanto a síntese com o adesivo N-butil-2-cianoacrilato como com o fio de poliamida monofilamentar 3-0 não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante na avaliação morfológica, enquanto que a síntese com o adesivo foi mais rápida e mais resistente ao teste de força de ruptura no 14° dia do que a síntese com o fio.

Comparative study of the healing process of the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall of rats after wound closure using 3-0 nylon suture and N-butil-2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive.

PURPOSE: To investigate the healing process of the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall of rats, comparing two different materials for wound closure: 3-0 nylon suture and tissue adhesive N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. METHODS: Forty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups according to the type of material used (suture or adhesive) and the number of days until reoperation (seven or 14 days). After a 4 cm incision in the aponeurosis, 22 rats underwent wound closure using 3-0 nylon suture and the other 22, the tissue adhesive. After seven days, 11 rats from each group were weighed again, submitted to reoperation and then euthanized. The same procedure was carried out after 14 days with the remaining rats. The surgical wound was macroscopically examined, the tensile strength was measured and the tissue edges were histologically examined. The statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Cox's proportional hazards model. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The animals lost on average 20 g over the period between the two operations. Wound closure was faster using the tissue adhesive. Only one animal, from the tissue adhesive group, had a small abscess with wound dehiscence. With regard to tensile strength, the best results were obtained with the tissue adhesive 14 days after the first surgery. The results of the histological examination showed no significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Upon morphological evaluation, the two types of material analyzed in this study (3-0 nylon suture and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, a tissue adhesive) were not significantly different with regard to the healing process of the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall of rats. Wound closure using the tissue adhesive was faster. Higher tensile strength was observed in the tissue adhesive group 14 days after the first surgery.